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Guo Q, Yin X, Qiao M, Jia Y, Chen D, Shao J, Lebaron TW, Gao Y, Shi H, Jia B. Hydrogen-Rich Water Ameliorates Autistic-Like Behavioral Abnormalities in Valproic Acid-Treated Adolescent Mice Offspring. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:170. [PMID: 30127728 PMCID: PMC6087877 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects, recent research has demonstrated that molecular hydrogen can serve as a new medical approach for depression, anxiety and traumatic brain injury. However, its potential effects on neurodevelopmental diseases, such as autism are still elusive. The present study aims to investigate the potential effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) administration on valproic acid (VPA)-induced autistic-like behavioral deficits, and the associated underlying mechanism in adolescent mice offspring. Pregnant ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6). One group was injected with saline (NAV group) and provided hydrogen-free water. The other four groups were injected with VPA (600 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, i.p.) on pregnant day (PND) 12.5. One group was provided with hydrogen-free water (VEH group) and the other three groups were provided HRW at different segments, postnatal day 1 (PND 1) to PND 21 (PHV group), PND 13 to PND 21 (PVS group) or from PND 13 to postnatal day 42 (PVL group). Behavioral tests, including open field, novelty suppressed feeding (NSF), hot plate, social interaction (SI) and contextual fear memory tests were conducted between postnatal day 35–42. We found that HRW administration significantly reversed the autistic-like behaviors induced by maternal VPA exposure in the adolescent offspring of both male and female adolescent offspring. Furthermore, HRW administration significantly reversed the alternation of serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), but without any effects on the BDNF levels in maternal VPA-exposed mice offspring. These data suggest the need for additional research on HRW as a potential preventive strategy for autism and related disorders. Lay Summary: Maternal VPA injection induces autistic-like behavioral deficits in adolescent mice offspring. HRW administration ameliorates autistic-like behavioral deficits. HRW administration reverses the alternation of serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α induced by VPA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjun Guo
- Department of Surgery, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xi Yin
- Department of Functional Region of Diagnosis, Hebei Medical University Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Meng Qiao
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yujiao Jia
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Juan Shao
- Department of Senile Disease, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | | | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haishui Shi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification, Hebei Medicial University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Bin Jia
- Neuroscience Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.,Lingshui General Hospital, Lingshui, China
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Codella R, Luzi L, Terruzzi I. Exercise has the guts: How physical activity may positively modulate gut microbiota in chronic and immune-based diseases. Dig Liver Dis 2018; 50:331-341. [PMID: 29233686 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Limited animal and human research findings suggests that exercise might have a beneficial role for health gut. Cardiorespiratory fitness correlates with health-associated gut parameters such as taxonomic diversity and richness. Physical exercise may augment intestinal microbial diversity through several mechanisms including promotion of an anti-inflammatory state. Disease-associated microbial functions were linked to distinct taxa in previous studies of familial type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). An integrated multi-approach in the study of T1D, including physical exercise, is advocated. The present review explores how exercise might modulate gut microbiota and microbiome characteristics in chronic and immune-based diseases, given the demonstrated relationship between gut function and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Codella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Metabolism Research Center, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Ileana Terruzzi
- Diabetes Research Institute, Metabolism, Nutrigenomics and Cellular Differentiation Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Zhai S, Zhu L, Qin S, Li L. Effect of lactulose intervention on gut microbiota and short chain fatty acid composition of C57BL/6J mice. Microbiologyopen 2018; 7:e00612. [PMID: 29575825 PMCID: PMC6291785 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota have strong connections with health. Lactulose has been shown to regulate gut microbiota and benefit host health. In this study, the effect of short‐term (3 week) intervention of lactulose on gut microbiota was investigated. Gut microbiota were detected from mouse feces by 16S rRNA high‐throughput sequencing, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were detected by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Lactulose intervention enhanced the α‐diversity of the gut microbiota; increased the abundance of hydrogen‐producing bacteria Prevotellaceae and Rikenellaceae, probiotics Bifidobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and mucin‐degrading bacteria Akkermansia and Helicobacter; decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria Desulfovibrionaceae and branched‐chain SCFAs (BCFAs). These results suggest that lactulose intervention effectively increased the diversity and improved the structure of the intestinal microbiota, which may be beneficial for host health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiang Zhai
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limeng Zhu
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Song Qin
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Lili Li
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong, China
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GHANIZADEH A, BERK M. Beta-lactam antibiotics as a possible novel therapy for managing epilepsy and autism, a case report and review of literature. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF CHILD NEUROLOGY 2015; 9:99-102. [PMID: 25767546 PMCID: PMC4322506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2013] [Revised: 04/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Autism is a disorder of unknown etiology. There are few FDA approved medications for treating autism. Co-occurring autism and epilepsy is common, and glutamate antagonists improve some symptoms of autism. Ceftriaxone, a beta-lactam antibiotic, increases the expression of the glutamate transporter 1 which decreases extracellular glutamate levels. It is hypothesized that modulating astrocyte glutamate transporter expression by ceftriaxone or cefixime might improve some symptoms of autism. This case report of a child with autism and epilepsy suggests a decrease in seizures after taking cefixime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad GHANIZADEH
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran ,Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran ,Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Michael BERK
- Professor of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia ,Professorial Research Fellow, The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Orygen Research Centre and the Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Ghanizadeh A, Berk M. Molecular hydrogen: an overview of its neurobiological effects and therapeutic potential for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Med Gas Res 2013; 3:11. [PMID: 23742229 PMCID: PMC3680337 DOI: 10.1186/2045-9912-3-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen gas is a bioactive molecule that has a diversity of effects, including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties; these overlap with the process of neuroprogression in major psychiatric disorders. Specifically, both bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are associated with increased oxidative and inflammatory stress. Moreover, lithium which is commonly administered for treating bipolar disorder has effects on oxidative stress and apoptotic pathways, as do valproate and some atypical antipsychotics for treating schizophrenia. Molecular hydrogen has been studied pre-clinically in animal models for the treatment of some medical conditions including hypoxia and neurodegenerative disorders, and there are intriguing clinical findings in neurological disorders including Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, it is hypothesized that administration of hydrogen molecule may have potential as a novel therapy for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and other concurrent disorders characterized by oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical, Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran.
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Ghanizadeh A, Derakhshan N. N-acetylcysteine for treatment of autism, a case report. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2012; 17:985-7. [PMID: 23826003 PMCID: PMC3698662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
There are a limited number of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medications for the treatment of autism. Meanwhile, oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are supposed to play a causative role in autism. N-acetylcysteine may provide cystine, a precursor for glutathione (GSH), which is an important antioxidant factor in the brain. We here report a child with autism, whose symptoms were markedly decreased after taking oral N-acetylcysteine 800 mg/day, in three divided doses. His social interaction was significantly increased. The score of social impairment on a visual analog scale decreased from 10 to 6 in the two-month trial. The aggressive behaviors decreased from 10 to 3. This case suggests that N-acetylcysteine may decrease some symptoms of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Ghanizadeh
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz, Iran,Department of Psychiatry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz, Iran,Address for correspondence: Dr. Ahmad Ghanizadeh, Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral, Sciences, Hafez Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Nima Derakhshan
- Department of Psychiatry, Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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