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Esselman AM, Johnson SA, Frisbie DD, Barrett MF, Zhou T, Contino EK. Substantial variability exists in the interpretation of survey radiographs among equine veterinarians. Equine Vet J 2024. [PMID: 38194693 DOI: 10.1111/evj.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiographs are a common diagnostic tool utilised during pre-purchase examinations, yet differences surround their interpretation among equine veterinarians. OBJECTIVES (1) To determine veterinarians' subjective impressions of a spectrum of radiographic abnormalities regarding suitability for purchase; (2) To determine how veterinarians' years in practice, primary discipline or board certification status influence their subjective impression of radiographic abnormalities, and (3) To determine how horses' discipline, current level of work (working at intended level vs. future prospect) and buyer intent (sell vs. retain ownership) influence veterinarians' subsequent recommendation. STUDY DESIGN Worldwide electronic survey of veterinary professionals. METHODS Four radiographic series of navicular bones, tarsi, and stifles, representing varying degrees of pathological change (normal, mild, moderate and marked) were presented. Respondents (n = 211) graded their level of concern from 1 (no concern) to 10 (very concerned) based on the radiographs and case scenarios presented. RESULTS Overall, as the grade of pathological change increased for each anatomical location, so did the level of veterinarian concern, but a wide range of answers were submitted for all grades of pathology. Board certified practitioners had a higher level of concern over marked radiographic changes of the navicular bone for both western performance and English sport horses as well as prospect horses (mean = 7.2 vs. 6.1; P = 0.009; 95% CI for difference = [0.3, 2.0]). Board certified respondents had a lower level of concern over marked radiographic changes of the tarsus regardless of the performance status of the horse (mean = 7.1 vs. 8.0; P = 0.008; 95% CI for difference = [-1.5, -0.2]). Western performance horse practitioners had a lower level of concern over mild radiographic changes of the tarsus regardless of the performance status of the horse (mean = 3.3 vs. 4.2; P = 0.009; 95% CI for difference = [-1.6, -0.2]). MAIN LIMITATIONS Only one example of each pathological grade per anatomical region was presented. CONCLUSIONS On survey radiographs, the perceived clinical relevance of radiographic abnormalities among equine practitioners differs widely, making purchase recommendations highly variable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angie M Esselman
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center at the Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | | | - David D Frisbie
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center at the Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Myra F Barrett
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Tianjian Zhou
- Department of Statistics, College of Natural Resources, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Erin K Contino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Orthopaedic Research Center at the Translational Medicine Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
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Van Cauter R, Serteyn D, Lejeune JP, Rousset A, Caudron I. Evaluation of the appearance of osteochondrosis lesions by two radiographic examinations in sport horses aged from 12 to 36 months. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286213. [PMID: 37220101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteochondrosis is a developmental orthopedic disease characterized by a defect of enchondral ossification. This pathological condition develops and evolves during growth and is influenced by various factors, in particular genetic and environmental. However, little research has been conducted on the dynamic of this condition in horses after the age of 12 months. The retrospective study presented here investigates changes in osteochondrosis lesions through two standardized radiographic examinations carried out on young Walloon sport horses after one year of age (mean age at first and second examination was 407 (±41) and 680 (±117) days respectively). Each examination, analyzed independently by three veterinarians, included latero-medial views of the fetlocks, hocks, stifles, plantarolateral-dorsomedial hocks view and additional radiograph if the operator deemed it necessary. Each joint site was graded as healthy, osteochondrosis (OC) or osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) affected. A group of 58 horses was studied, among them 20 presented one or more osteochondrosis lesions for a total of 36 lesions present during at least one examination. In this population, 4 animals (6.9%) presented osteochondrosis during only one examination (2 at the first examination and 2 at the second one). Moreover, it was possible to demonstrate the appearance, disappearance and more generally the evolution of 9/36 lesions (25%) within the different joints. The results of the study suggest that, although substantial main limitations, osteochondrosis lesions can evolve after the age of 12 months in sport horses. Knowing this is useful in helping to decide the appropriate radiographic diagnosis timing and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël Van Cauter
- Centre Européen du Cheval, Mont-le-Soie, Vielsalm, Belgium
- Département des Sciences Cliniques des Équidés, Chirurgie et Orthopédie, FARAH, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Serteyn
- Centre Européen du Cheval, Mont-le-Soie, Vielsalm, Belgium
- Département des Sciences Cliniques des Équidés, Chirurgie et Orthopédie, FARAH, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Lejeune
- Centre Européen du Cheval, Mont-le-Soie, Vielsalm, Belgium
- Département des Sciences Cliniques des Équidés, Chirurgie et Orthopédie, FARAH, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Alycia Rousset
- Centre Européen du Cheval, Mont-le-Soie, Vielsalm, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Caudron
- Centre Européen du Cheval, Mont-le-Soie, Vielsalm, Belgium
- Département des Sciences Cliniques des Équidés, Chirurgie et Orthopédie, FARAH, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Osteochondrosis (osteochondritis dissecans) in Lusitano horses: prevalence and characteristics. J Equine Vet Sci 2022; 117:104063. [PMID: 35787450 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2022.104063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hoey S, O'Sullivan J, Byrne J, Devine S, Toomey W, McAllister H, Skelly C. Ultrasound screening protocol for osteochondrosis at selected predilection sites in thoroughbred yearlings. Ir Vet J 2022; 75:8. [PMID: 35477486 PMCID: PMC9044857 DOI: 10.1186/s13620-022-00216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteochondrosis is a common condition of young horses where there is a failure of endochondral ossification, usually at predisposed sites. The estimated prevalence of osteochondrosis is 33-44%, with radiographic screening of yearlings being used to identify lesions. Radiography has two major limitations: poor sensitivity in detecting cartilaginous lesions and secondly, the exposure of the horse and personnel to ionising radiation. Ultrasonography allows imaging of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone margins and has been shown to be more sensitive in identifying osteochondrosis lesions. However, the ultrasonographic technique for examining joints is operator dependant, resulting in highly variable examinations, thus affecting its reliability and reproducibility as a screening test. RESULTS A prospective observational clinical population study was undertaken involving twenty-two clinically normal weanling thoroughbred horses on-farm, describing a detailed protocol of the ultrasonographic examination technique for on-farm screening of common sites of osteochondral disease in the young horse, namely the carpal, metacarpophalangeal, stifle, tarsal and metatarsophalangeal joints. CONCLUSION Two veterinary practitioners used the technique to illustrate the repeatability of the protocol. The step-by-step protocol provides a valuable, reliable, repeatable technique for veterinary professionals performing screening ultrasound in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seamus Hoey
- Equine Clinical Studies, Diagnostic Imaging and Anaesthesia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | | | - Jennifer Byrne
- Equine Clinical Studies, Diagnostic Imaging and Anaesthesia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sinead Devine
- Equine Clinical Studies, Diagnostic Imaging and Anaesthesia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William Toomey
- Clinic na gCapall, Farranacurragh, Oldleighin, Co. Carlow, Ireland
| | - Hester McAllister
- Equine Clinical Studies, Diagnostic Imaging and Anaesthesia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cliona Skelly
- Equine Clinical Studies, Diagnostic Imaging and Anaesthesia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Hoey S, Stokes D, McAllister H, Puggioni A, Skelly C. A systematic review evaluating the use of ultrasound in the identification of osteochondrosis in horses. Vet J 2022; 282:105825. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2022.105825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bourebaba L, Röcken M, Marycz K. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in Horses - Molecular Background of its Pathogenesis and Perspectives for Progenitor Stem Cell Therapy. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:374-390. [PMID: 30796679 PMCID: PMC6534522 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09875-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Osteochondrosis (osteochondrosis dissecans; OCD) is a disease syndrome of growing cartilage related to different clinical entities such as epiphysitis, subchondral cysts and angular carpal deformities, which occurs in growing animals of all species, including horses. Nowadays, these disorders are affecting increasing numbers of young horses worldwide. As a complex multifactorial disease, OCD is initiated when failure in cartilage canals because of existing ischemia, chondrocyte biogenesis impairment as well as biochemical and genetic disruptions occur. Recently, particular attention have been accorded to the definition of possible relations between OCD and some metabolic disorders; in this way, implication of mitochondrial dysfunctions, endoplasmic reticulum disruptions, oxidative stress or endocrinological affections are among the most considered axes for future researches. As one of the most frequent cause of impaired orthopaedic potential, which may result in a sharp decrease in athletic performances of the affected animals, and lead to the occurrence of complications such as joint fragility and laminitis, OCD remains as one of the primary causes of considerable economic losses in all sections of the equine industry. It would therefore be important to provide more information on the exact pathophysiological mechanism(s) underlying early OC(D) lesions, in order to implement innovative strategies involving the use of progenitor stem cells, which are considered nowadays as a promising approach to regenerative medicine, with the potential to treat numerous orthopaedic disorders, including osteo-degenerative diseases, for prevention and reduction of incidence of the disease, not only in horses, but also in human medicine, as the equine model is already widely accepted by the scientific community and approved by the FDA, for the research and application of cellular therapies in the treatment of human conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michael Röcken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland. .,Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392, Gießen, Germany.
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Kadic DTN, Bonilla AG. Diagnostic needle arthroscopy of the tarsocrural joint in standing sedated horses. Vet Surg 2020; 49:445-454. [PMID: 31943288 DOI: 10.1111/vsu.13375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and assess a needle arthroscopic technique to diagnose conditions of the tarsocrural joint (TCj) in standing sedated horses. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. SAMPLE POPULATION Six cadaveric hind limbs (phase 1) and six healthy horses (Phase 2). METHODS In phase 1, each TCj was examined with a 1.2-mm-needle arthroscope. Suitability of the needle arthroscope and degree of joint visualization with traditional arthroscopic approaches were assessed. In phase 2, the feasibility of the procedure was assessed in six standing healthy horses. A custom-made splint and base were developed to maintain joint flexion during the procedure. RESULTS Thorough evaluation of the dorsal intra-articular structures of the TCj via dorsomedial and dorsolateral approaches was possible in both phases. The procedure was feasible, quickly performed, and well tolerated by all horses. Complications consisted of moderate movement (2/6 horses) and hemarthrosis (3/6 horses). CONCLUSION Diagnostic standing needle arthroscopy of the TCj allowed thorough evaluation of the dorsal aspect of the joint while avoiding the cost and risks associated with general anesthesia. Inadvertent puncture of the dorsomedial vasculature with the cannula and obturator led to significant hemarthrosis. CLINICAL IMPACT Needle arthroscopy of the TCj offers an alternative diagnostic tool when traditional imaging techniques (radiography and ultrasonography) are unrewarding or nondiagnostic. The technique is conceived mainly for diagnostic purposes, but its use during short interventions warrants investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri T N Kadic
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medecine, University of Montreal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alvaro G Bonilla
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medecine, University of Montreal, Saint Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Mendoza L, Franck T, Lejeune JP, Caudron I, Detilleux J, Deliège B, Serteyn D. Is Sclerostin Glycoprotein a Suitable Biomarker for Equine Osteochondrosis? J Equine Vet Sci 2019; 64:27-33. [PMID: 30973148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Osteochondrosis (OC) disease appears to be multifactorial in origin, including skeletal growth rates, nutrition, endocrinological factors, exercise, biomechanics, and other environmental factors. Endocrinological and metabolic factors seem to have an important role in the pathogeny of OC like the Wnt signaling pathway. One of the regulators in the Wnt signaling pathway is the sclerostin glycoprotein. The aim of this study was to investigate the sclerostin blood concentration according to the evolution of the disease, the environment, and the age but also its use as a possible biomarker for OC disease. Relation between age and sclerostin concentrations was calculated by a linear regression. A relation was found between age and sclerostin concentrations, but also a significant relation between age and the sclerostin concentrations was observed for two subgroups (OC affected and healthy). Evolution of the disease related to the sclerostin concentration was assessed with two logistic regressions (risk of developing OC and recovery of existing lesions), but not any significance was found. In conclusion, these results show that, despite the possible link of sclerostin with the OC pathogenesis through the Wnt pathway, circulating levels of this glycoprotein shall not be used as a biomarker for the disease. Besides, more studies are needed to fully understand the functions of sclerostin in the equine specie since it may play an important role in bone homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Mendoza
- Anesthésiologie générale et pathologie chirurgicale des grands animaux. University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Equine Research and Development Center, Mont-le-Soie, Belgium.
| | - Thierry Franck
- Centre for Oxygen Research and Development-CORD, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Philippe Lejeune
- Anesthésiologie générale et pathologie chirurgicale des grands animaux. University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Equine Research and Development Center, Mont-le-Soie, Belgium
| | | | - Johann Detilleux
- Anesthésiologie générale et pathologie chirurgicale des grands animaux. University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Didier Serteyn
- Anesthésiologie générale et pathologie chirurgicale des grands animaux. University of Liège, Liège, Belgium; Equine Research and Development Center, Mont-le-Soie, Belgium
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9
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Influence of seating styles on head and pelvic vertical movement symmetry in horses ridden at trot. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195341. [PMID: 29621299 PMCID: PMC5886531 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Detailed knowledge of how a rider’s seating style and riding on a circle influences the movement symmetry of the horse’s head and pelvis may aid rider and trainer in an early recognition of low grade lameness. Such knowledge is also important during both subjective and objective lameness evaluations in the ridden horse in a clinical setting. In this study, inertial sensors were used to assess how different rider seating styles may influence head and pelvic movement symmetry in horses trotting in a straight line and on the circle in both directions. A total of 26 horses were subjected to 15 different conditions at trot: three unridden conditions and 12 ridden conditions where the rider performed three different seating styles (rising trot, sitting trot and two point seat). Rising trot induced systematic changes in movement symmetry of the horses. The most prominent effect was decreased pelvic rise that occurred as the rider was actively rising up in the stirrups, thus creating a downward momentum counteracting the horses push off. This mimics a push off lameness in the hindlimb that is in stance when the rider sits down in the saddle during the rising trot. On the circle, the asymmetries induced by rising trot on the correct diagonal counteracted the circle induced asymmetries, rendering the horse more symmetrical. This finding offers an explanation to the equestrian tradition of rising on the ‘correct diagonal.’ In horses with small pre-existing movement asymmetries, the asymmetry induced by rising trot, as well as the circular track, attenuated or reduced the horse’s baseline asymmetry, depending on the sitting diagonal and direction on the circle. A push off hindlimb lameness would be expected to increase when the rider sits during the lame hindlimb stance whereas an impact hindlimb lameness would be expected to decrease. These findings suggest that the rising trot may be useful for identifying the type of lameness during subjective lameness assessment of hindlimb lameness. This theory needs to be studied further in clinically lame horses.
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10
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Outcome after arthroscopic treatment of lateral femoral trochlear ridge osteochondrosis in sport horses. Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2017; 26:105-9. [DOI: 10.3415/vcot-11-12-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
SummaryObjectives: To determine the short- and long-term outcome for sport horses after arthroscopic treatment of osteochondrosis of the lateral trochlear ridge of the femur.Methods: A retrospective study was performed using the medical records of horses intended for use as English sport horses. Outcome was obtained through telephone questionnaire.Results: Thirty-seven horses, mainly Warmbloods, underwent arthroscopic surgery for treatment of lateral femoral trochlear ridge osteochondrosis. Short-term outcome revealed that 27 of 37 horses had no complications. Seven horses had postoperative lameness and effusion which eventually resolved in four horses. Long-term outcome was available for 29 horses, of which 19 were performing to full expectations. Five horses were athletic but at a lower level than expected, and five horses were unable to be used. The depth of the lesion was significantly associated with short-term complications of effusion and lameness. The depth and length of the lesion were not associated with the long-term outcome, but involvement of structures other than the lateral trochlear ridge (patella, medial trochlear ridge) was associated with a worse prognosis.Clinical significance: The prognosis for sport horses following stifle arthroscopy for lateral trochlear ridge is similar to that reported in other studies and lesions at other sites within the stifle joint.
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11
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Incidence of Juvenile Osteochondral Conditions in Thoroughbred Weanlings in the South of Brazil. J Equine Vet Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Mendoza L, Lejeune JP, Caudron I, Detilleux J, Sandersen C, Deliège B, Serteyn D. Impact of feeding and housing on the development of osteochondrosis in foals-A longitudinal study. Prev Vet Med 2016; 127:10-4. [PMID: 27094134 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Osteochondrosis dissecans (OCD) is a developmental orthopedic disease caused by a failure of the endochondral ossification in epiphyseal plates and joint cartilage. This trouble may induce the presence of osteochondral fragments in the articulation, fissures or subchondral bone cysts in the growth cartilage. Occurrence of osteochondrosis is influenced by a complex interaction of different factors. Among these, the effect of the housing and the feeding of the foals during their first months of life, have been described as risk factors for the development of osteochondrosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the evolution of OCD lesions with a longitudinal study in 204 young foals from 6 to 18 months in comparison to the type of feeding and the type of housing conditions. These factors and OCD status were obtained by a questionnaire and radiological examination, respectively. This allowed dividing the foals into four groups according to the initial OCD status and the evolution of the condition. As a result, we found that foals fed with concentrates show a higher probability to develop OCD lesions (p=0.06), while foals not receiving concentrates, had a higher probability to heal from existing OCD lesions (p=0.001). This study supports the theory that management factors such as feeding or housing may influence the evolution of the osteochondrosis disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Mendoza
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Belgium; Equine Research and Development Center, Mont-le-Soie, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Philippe Lejeune
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Belgium; Equine Research and Development Center, Mont-le-Soie, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Didier Serteyn
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, Belgium; Equine Research and Development Center, Mont-le-Soie, Belgium
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13
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Schneevoigt J, Fabian C, Leovsky C, Seeger J, Bahramsoltani M. In VitroExpression of the Extracellular Matrix Components Aggrecan, Collagen Types I and II by Articular Cartilage-Derived Chondrocytes. Anat Histol Embryol 2016; 46:43-50. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Schneevoigt
- Institute of Anatomy; Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - C. Fabian
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Leipzig Germany
| | - C. Leovsky
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology; Leipzig Germany
| | - J. Seeger
- Institute of Anatomy; Histology and Embryology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; University of Leipzig; Leipzig Germany
| | - M. Bahramsoltani
- Institute of Veterinary Anatomy; Department of Veterinary Medicine; Freie Universität Berlin; Berlin Germany
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14
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Vander Heyden L, Lejeune JP, Caudron I, Detilleux J, Sandersen C, Chavatte P, Paris J, Deliège B, Serteyn D. Association of breeding conditions with prevalence of osteochondrosis in foals. Vet Rec 2013; 172:68. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.101034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Vander Heyden
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Clinical Sciences; Equine Anaesthesia and Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
- Centre Europeen du Cheval; Vielsalm Belgium
| | - J-P. Lejeune
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Clinical Sciences; Equine Anaesthesia and Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
- Centre Europeen du Cheval; Vielsalm Belgium
| | - I. Caudron
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Clinical Sciences; Equine Anaesthesia and Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - J. Detilleux
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Quantitative Genetics; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - C. Sandersen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Clinical Sciences; Equine Anaesthesia and Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
| | - P. Chavatte
- Biologie du Développement et Reproduction; Institut National de Recherche Agronomique; Jouy-en-Josas France
| | - J. Paris
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Clinical Sciences; Equine Anaesthesia and Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
- Centre Europeen du Cheval; Vielsalm Belgium
| | - B. Deliège
- Centre Europeen du Cheval; Vielsalm Belgium
| | - D. Serteyn
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Clinical Sciences; Equine Anaesthesia and Surgery; University of Liège; Liège Belgium
- Centre Europeen du Cheval; Vielsalm Belgium
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