1
|
Oberacker T, Kraft L, Schanz M, Latus J, Schricker S. The Importance of Thioredoxin-1 in Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051078. [PMID: 37237944 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is a multifunctional protein ubiquitously found in the human body. Trx-1 plays an important role in various cellular functions such as maintenance of redox homeostasis, proliferation, and DNA synthesis, but also modulation of transcription factors and control of cell death. Thus, Trx-1 is one of the most important proteins for proper cell and organ function. Therefore, modulation of Trx gene expression or modulation of Trx activity by various mechanisms, including post-translational modifications or protein-protein interactions, could cause a transition from the physiological state of cells and organs to various pathologies such as cancer, and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we not only discuss the current knowledge of Trx in health and disease, but also highlight its potential function as a biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tina Oberacker
- Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Leonie Kraft
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital Stuttgart, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Moritz Schanz
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital Stuttgart, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jörg Latus
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital Stuttgart, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Severin Schricker
- Department of Internal Medicine and Nephrology, Robert-Bosch-Hospital Stuttgart, 70376 Stuttgart, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vagal Nerve Activity Predicts Prognosis in Diffused Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030908. [PMID: 36769556 PMCID: PMC9917757 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study examined the prognostic role of vagal nerve activity in patients with relapsed/refractory diffused large B-cell lymphoma (R/R-DLBCL) treated with chimeric antigen receptor cell therapy (CAR-T) and in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) undergoing an autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AutoHCT). Participants included 29 patients with R/R-DLBCL and 37 patients with MM. Inclusion criteria were: (1) age over 18; (2) diagnosed with DLBCL or MM; (3) being treated with CAR-T or AutoHCT; and (4) having an ECG prior to cell transfusion. The predictor was vagal nerve activity indexed by heart rate variability (HRV) and obtained retroactively from 10 s ECGs. The main endpoint for R/R-DLBCL was overall survival (OS), and for MM the endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Data of 122 patients were obtained, 66 of whom were included in the study. In DLBCL, HRV significantly predicted OS independently of confounders (e.g., performance status, disease status at cell therapy), hazard ratio (HR), and 95% confidence interval (HR = 0.20; 95%CI: 0.06-0.69). The prognostic role of disease severity was moderated by HRV: among severely disease patients, 100% died with low HRV, while only 37.5% died with high HRV. In MM, HRV significantly predicted PFS (HR = 0.19; 95%CI: 0.04-0.90) independently of confounders. Vagal nerve activity independently predicts prognosis in patients with R/R-DLBCL and with MM undergoing cell therapy. High vagal activity overrides the prognostic role of disease severity. Testing the effects of vagal nerve activation on prognosis in blood cancers is recommended.
Collapse
|
3
|
Binsaleh NK, Eltayeb R, Qanash H, Aziz MA, Albaradie R, Khan MWA. Presence of Circulatory Autoantibodies Against ROS-Modified Histone H1 Protein in Lymphoma Patients. Front Genet 2022; 13:909903. [PMID: 35692834 PMCID: PMC9174583 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.909903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is a chronic inflammatory disease in which the immune system is highly affected. Increased oxidative stress is one of the common conditions of cancer and affects macromolecules. Histone modifications affect the chromatin structure and functions. In this study, histone H1 (His-H1) protein was modified by reactive oxygen species (ROS), and structural and chemical changes were studied. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients were selected, and oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, and serum autoantibodies were analyzed using biochemical and immunological assays. Furthermore, the formation of antigen-antibody immune complexes was assessed by the Langmuir plot. ROS-modified His-H1 (ROS-His-H1) showed substantial structural perturbation in protein (UV-hyperchromicity and increased intrinsic fluorescence) compared to the native His-H1 protein. A possible explanation for the changes is suggested by the exposure of the aromatic chromophore to the solvent. In-depth structural analysis by circular dichroism (CD) exhibited major changes in α-helix (−21.43%) and turns (+33%), reflecting changes in the secondary structure of histone H1 protein after ROS exposure. ELISA and competitive ELISA findings revealed high recognitions of serum autoantibodies to ROS-His-H1 from NHL, followed by HL subjects. Healthy controls showed negligible binding. Non-modified His-H1 did not show any binding with serum samples from either cohort. High apparent association constants (ACCs) were calculated for ROS-His-H1 using purified IgGs from NHL (1.46 × 10–6 M) compared to HL (1.33 × 10–6 M) patients. Non-modified His-H1 exhibited a hundred times less ACC for NHL (2.38 × 10–8 M) and HL (2.46 × 10–8 M) patients. Thus, ROS modifications of histone H1 cause structural changes and expose cryptic neo-epitopes on the protein against which autoantibodies were generated. These perturbations might affect the histone DNA interaction dynamics and potentially be correlated with gene dysregulation. These subtle molecular changes with an immune imbalance might further aggravate the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naif K. Binsaleh
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Eltayeb
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Husam Qanash
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Azhar Aziz
- Interdisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Raid Albaradie
- Applied Medical Sciences College, Majmaah University, Al Majma’ah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohd Wajid Ali Khan
- Molecular Diagnostics and Personalized Therapeutics Unit, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Wajid Ali Khan,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Expanding the armory for treating lymphoma: Targeting redox cellular status through thioredoxin reductase inhibition. Pharmacol Res 2022; 177:106134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
5
|
Investigating the Thioredoxin and Glutathione Systems' Response in Lymphoma Cells after Treatment with [Au(d2pype)2]CL. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010104. [PMID: 33451071 PMCID: PMC7828567 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is a blood cancer comprising various subtypes. Although effective therapies are available, some patients fail to respond to treatment and can suffer from side effects. Antioxidant systems, especially the thioredoxin (Trx) and glutathione (GSH) systems, are known to enhance cancer cell survival, with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) recently reported as a potential anticancer target. Since the GSH system can compensate for some Trx system functions, we investigated its response in three lymphoma cell lines after inhibiting TrxR activity with [Au(d2pype)2]Cl, a known TrxR inhibitor. [Au(d2pype)2]Cl increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and induced caspase-3 activity leading to cell apoptosis through inhibiting both TrxR and glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) activity. Expression of the tumour suppresser gene TXNIP increased, while GPX1 and GPX4 expression, which are related to poor prognosis of lymphoma patients, decreased. Unlike SUDHL2 and SUDHL4 cells, which exhibited a decreased GSH/GSSG ratio after treatment, in KMH2 cells the ratio remained unchanged, while glutathione reductase and glutaredoxin expression increased. Since KMH2 cells were less sensitive to treatment with [Au(d2pype)2]Cl, the GSH system may play a role in protecting cells from apoptosis after TrxR inhibition. Overall, our study demonstrates that inhibition of TrxR represents a valid therapeutic approach for lymphoma.
Collapse
|
6
|
Rodríguez-García A, García-Vicente R, Morales ML, Ortiz-Ruiz A, Martínez-López J, Linares M. Protein Carbonylation and Lipid Peroxidation in Hematological Malignancies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1212. [PMID: 33271863 PMCID: PMC7761105 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the different mechanisms involved in oxidative stress, protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation are both important modifications associated with the pathogenesis of several diseases, including cancer. Hematopoietic cells are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage, as the excessive production of reactive oxygen species and associated lipid peroxidation suppress self-renewal and induce DNA damage and genomic instability, which can trigger malignancy. A richer understanding of the clinical effects of oxidative stress might improve the prognosis of these diseases and inform therapeutic strategies. The most common protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation compounds, including hydroxynonenal, malondialdehyde, and advanced oxidation protein products, have been investigated for their potential effect on hematopoietic cells in several studies. In this review, we focus on the most important protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation biomarkers in hematological malignancies, their role in disease development, and potential treatment implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Rodríguez-García
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H120-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (R.G.-V.); (M.L.M.); (A.O.-R.); (J.M.-L.)
| | - Roberto García-Vicente
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H120-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (R.G.-V.); (M.L.M.); (A.O.-R.); (J.M.-L.)
| | - María Luz Morales
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H120-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (R.G.-V.); (M.L.M.); (A.O.-R.); (J.M.-L.)
| | - Alejandra Ortiz-Ruiz
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H120-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (R.G.-V.); (M.L.M.); (A.O.-R.); (J.M.-L.)
| | - Joaquín Martínez-López
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H120-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (R.G.-V.); (M.L.M.); (A.O.-R.); (J.M.-L.)
- Department of Medicine, Medicine School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Linares
- Department of Translational Hematology, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre (i+12), Hematological Malignancies Clinical Research Unit H120-CNIO, CIBERONC, ES 28041 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.-G.); (R.G.-V.); (M.L.M.); (A.O.-R.); (J.M.-L.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pharmacy School, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, ES 28040 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Allegra AG, Mannino F, Innao V, Musolino C, Allegra A. Radioprotective Agents and Enhancers Factors. Preventive and Therapeutic Strategies for Oxidative Induced Radiotherapy Damages in Hematological Malignancies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111116. [PMID: 33198328 PMCID: PMC7696711 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy plays a critical role in the management of a wide range of hematologic malignancies. It is well known that the post-irradiation damages both in the bone marrow and in other organs are the main causes of post-irradiation morbidity and mortality. Tumor control without producing extensive damage to the surrounding normal cells, through the use of radioprotectors, is of special clinical relevance in radiotherapy. An increasing amount of data is helping to clarify the role of oxidative stress in toxicity and therapy response. Radioprotective agents are substances that moderate the oxidative effects of radiation on healthy normal tissues while preserving the sensitivity to radiation damage in tumor cells. As well as the substances capable of carrying out a protective action against the oxidative damage caused by radiotherapy, other substances have been identified as possible enhancers of the radiotherapy and cytotoxic activity via an oxidative effect. The purpose of this review was to examine the data in the literature on the possible use of old and new substances to increase the efficacy of radiation treatment in hematological diseases and to reduce the harmful effects of the treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Gaetano Allegra
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Experimental, and Clinical Sciences “Mario Serio”, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Careggi, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy;
| | - Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, c/o AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Via C. Valeria Gazzi, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Vanessa Innao
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, Division of Haematology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (C.M.)
| | - Caterina Musolino
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, Division of Haematology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (C.M.)
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, Division of Haematology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy; (V.I.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-2364
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Böttcher M, Baur R, Stoll A, Mackensen A, Mougiakakos D. Linking Immunoevasion and Metabolic Reprogramming in B-Cell-Derived Lymphomas. Front Oncol 2020; 10:594782. [PMID: 33251150 PMCID: PMC7674840 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.594782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphomas represent a diverse group of malignancies that emerge from lymphocytes. Despite improvements in diagnosis and treatment of lymphomas of B-cell origin, relapsed and refractory disease represents an unmet clinical need. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to better understand the lymphomas’ intrinsic features as well as the interactions with their cellular microenvironment for developing novel therapeutic strategies. In fact, the role of immune-based approaches is steadily increasing and involves amongst others the use of monoclonal antibodies against tumor antigens, inhibitors of immunological checkpoints, and even genetically modified T-cells. Metabolic reprogramming and immune escape both represent well established cancer hallmarks. Tumor metabolism as introduced by Otto Warburg in the early 20th century promotes survival, proliferation, and therapeutic resistance. Simultaneously, malignant cells employ a plethora of mechanisms to evade immune surveillance. Increasing evidence suggests that metabolic reprogramming does not only confer cell intrinsic growth and survival advantages to tumor cells but also impacts local as well as systemic anti-tumor immunity. Tumor and immune cells compete over nutrients such as carbohydrates or amino acids that are critical for the immune cell function. Moreover, skewed metabolic pathways in malignant cells can result in abundant production and release of bioactive metabolites such as lactic acid, kynurenine or reactive oxygen species (ROS) that affect immune cell fitness and function. This “metabolic re-modeling” of the tumor microenvironment shifts anti-tumor immune reactivity toward tolerance. Here, we will review molecular events leading to metabolic alterations in B-cell lymphomas and their impact on anti-tumor immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Böttcher
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Baur
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrej Stoll
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Mackensen
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Medicine 5 for Hematology and Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kari EJM, Kuusisto MEL, Honkavaara P, Hakalahti A, Haapasaari KM, Bloigu R, Karihtala P, Teppo HR, Pirinen R, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Kuittinen O. Thioredoxin-1 as a biological predictive marker for selecting diffuse large B-cell lymphoma patients for etoposide-containing treatment. Eur J Haematol 2020; 105:156-163. [PMID: 32248578 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), there is an unmet medical need to select patients who would benefit from intensified frontline treatments such as adding etoposide to an R-CHOP regimen. METHODS The present work included a retrospective clinical analysis of two patient cohorts and an in vitro study. Primary biopsy samples from DLBCL patients treated with an etoposide-containing high-dose regimen (n = 37) and etoposide-containing frontline treatment (n = 69, R-CHOEP) were studied using immunohistochemical thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) staining. Two DLBCL cell lines expressing Trx1 were cultured, and their expression was silenced using the small interfering RNA knockdown technique. Chemoresistance was tested with doxorubicin, etoposide, vincristine, prednisolone and carboplatin. RESULTS Thioredoxin-1 knockdown sensitised DLBCL cells to doxorubicin (P < .0001) but decreased etoposide-induced cell death (P < .00001). In DLBCL patients who received etoposide-containing frontline treatment, low cytoplasmic Trx1 expression was associated with inferior 5-year overall survival (46% vs 76%, P = .026) and disease-specific survival (68% vs 90%, P = .026). CONCLUSIONS Strong Trx1 expression appears to increase drug resistance to doxorubicin but sensitises cells to etoposide. This implies that Trx1 expression might be the first predictive biological marker to select the patients who might benefit from adding etoposide to R-CHOP immunochemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esa Jarkko Mikael Kari
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Milla Elvi Linnea Kuusisto
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Päivi Honkavaara
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Anna Hakalahti
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Risto Bloigu
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna-Riikka Teppo
- Department of Pathology, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Pirinen
- Department of Pathology, North Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Taina Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuittinen
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Health Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Qayyum MA, Shah MH. Disparities in the Concentrations of Essential/Toxic Elements in the Blood and Scalp Hair of Lymphoma Patients and Healthy Subjects. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15363. [PMID: 31653974 PMCID: PMC6814775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51973-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma is one of the fastest growing malignancies worldwide and imbalance in the concentrations of trace elements can play a significant role in the onset and progression of the disease. Selected essential and toxic elements (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb) were analysed in the blood & scalp hair of lymphoma patients (n = 59 & 58, respectively) and controls (n = 61 & 60, respectively) by atomic absorption spectrometry. On the average, Ni, Cr, Cu and Cd revealed significantly higher contents in the blood and scalp hair of the patients than the controls (p < 0.05). The correlation study showed significantly diverse relationships among the elements in blood & scalp hair of the two donor groups. Variations in the elemental levels with different types of lymphoma (non-Hodgkin and Hodgkin) were also evaluated. Disparities in the elemental concentrations were also investigated for various types of non-Hodgkin (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma and peripheral T-cell lymphoma) and Hodgkin lymphoma (mixed cellularity, nodular lymphocyte predominant and nodular sclerosing), as well as for different stages (I, II, III & IV) of the cancer. Multivariate statistical analysis showed considerably divergent associations of the elements in the patients and controls. The study indicated profound alteration of the elemental levels in the patients; it may be implicated in elemental-induced disorders including lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abdul Qayyum
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Science & Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Munir H Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kari E, Teppo HR, Haapasaari KM, Kuusisto MEL, Lemma A, Karihtala P, Pirinen R, Soini Y, Jantunen E, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Kuittinen O. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factors 1 and 2 are able to define the worst prognosis group among high-risk diffuse large B cell lymphomas treated with R-CHOEP. J Clin Pathol 2019; 72:316-321. [PMID: 30755497 PMCID: PMC6580789 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2018-205584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Oxidative stress markers and antioxidant enzymes have previously been shown to have prognostic value and associate with adverse outcome in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 1 (Nrf1) and factor 2 (Nrf2) are among the principal inducers of antioxidant enzyme production. Kelch ECH associating protein 1 (Keap1) is a negative regulator of Nrf2, and BTB (BR-C, ttk and bab) domain and CNC homolog 1 (Bach1) represses the function of both factors. Their significance in DLBCL prognosis is unknown. METHODS Diagnostic biopsy samples of 76 patients with high-risk DLBCL were retrospectively stained with immunohistochemistry for Nrf1, Nrf2, Keap1 and Bach1, and correlated with clinical data and outcome. RESULTS Nuclear Nrf2 and nuclear Bach1 expression were associated with adverse clinical features (anaemia, advanced stage, high IPI, high risk of neutropaenic infections), whereas cytoplasmic Nrf1 and Nrf2 were associated with favourable clinical presentation (normal haemoglobin level, no B symptoms, limited stage). None of the evaluated factors could predict survival alone. However, when two of the following parameters were combined: high nuclear score of Nrf2, low nuclear score of Nrf1, high cytoplasmic score of Nrf1 and low cytoplasmic score of Keap1 were associated with significantly worse overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Nrf1 and Nrf2 are relevant in disease presentation and overall survival in high-risk DLBCL. Low nuclear expression of Nrf1, high cytoplasmic expression of Nrf1, high nuclear expression of Nrf2 and low cytoplasmic expression of Keap1 are associated with adverse outcome in this patient group.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esa Kari
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland .,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Hanna-Riikka Teppo
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Pathology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Milla Elvi Linnea Kuusisto
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Aurora Lemma
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Pirinen
- Department of Pathology, North Karelia Central Hospital, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Esa Jantunen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Taina Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
- Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuittinen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Prusila REI, Peroja P, Jantunen E, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Kuittinen O. Treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in elderly patients: Replacing doxorubicin with either epirubicin or etoposide (VP-16). Hematol Oncol 2019; 37:136-142. [PMID: 30589950 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roosa Enni Inkeri Prusila
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Pekka Peroja
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Esa Jantunen
- Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.,Siunsote - Hospital District of North Carelia, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Taina Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
- Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuittinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.,Faculty of Health Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Oncology, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yi X, Zhao Y, Xue L, Zhang J, Qiao Y, Jin Q, Li H. Expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its clinical significance. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:573-578. [PMID: 30112024 PMCID: PMC6090442 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the expression and clinical significance of kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). These proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry in 39 DLBCL cases and 17 cases of reactive lymph node hyperplasia, and their association with the clinicopathological features of DLBCL patients was analyzed. In DLBCL, the percentage of cells with positive staining for Keap1 and Nrf2 was 46.2 and 35.9%, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in reactive lymph node hyperplasia (17.7 and 5.9%, respectively). There was no correlation between Keap1 and Nrf2 expression according to a Spearman rank correlation analysis (r=0.272; P>0.05). Keap1 and Nrf2 expression was associated with the international prognostic index and Ann-Arbor clinical stage (P<0.05), and Keap1 and Nrf2 expression was higher in DLBCL patients with stage III–IV (68.4 and 52.6%, respectively) compared with in those with stage I–II (25.0 and 20.0%, respectively). The aberrant expression of Keap1 and Nrf2 in DLBCL suggests that these factors may have crucial roles in the development and progression of the disease, and may therefore be used as prognostic indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Yi
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Li Xue
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Jin
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Hongling Li
- Department of Oncology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Rose BJ, Pyuen AA, Thamm DH. In vitro antineoplastic effects of auranofin in canine lymphoma cells. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:522. [PMID: 29724201 PMCID: PMC5934856 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4450-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The orally available gold complex auranofin (AF) has been used in humans, primarily as an antirheumatic/immunomodulatory agent. It has been safely administered to healthy dogs to establish pharmacokinetic parameters for oral administration, and has also been used as a treatment in some dogs with immune-mediated conditions. Multiple in vitro studies have recently suggested that AF may possess antineoplastic properties. Spontaneous canine lymphoma may be a very useful translational model for the study of human lymphoma, prompting the evaluation of AF in canine lymphoma cells. METHODS We investigated the antineoplastic activity of AF in 4 canine lymphoid tumor derived cell lines through measurements of proliferation, apoptosis, thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) activity and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and detected the effects of AF when combined with conventional cytotoxic drugs using the Chou and Talalay method. We also evaluated the antiproliferative effects of AF in primary canine lymphoma cells using a bioreductive fluorometric assay. RESULTS At concentrations that appear clinically achievable in humans, AF demonstrated potent antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects in canine lymphoid tumor cell lines. TrxR inhibition and increased ROS production was observed following AF treatment. Moreover, a synergistic antiproliferative effect was observed when AF was combined with lomustine or doxorubicin. CONCLUSIONS Auranofin appears to inhibit the growth and initiate apoptosis in canine lymphoma cells in vitro at clinically achievable concentrations. Therefore, this agent has the potential to have near-term benefit for the treatment of canine lymphoma, as well as a translational model for human lymphoma. Decreased TrxR activity and increasing ROS production may be useful biomarkers of drug exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Barbara J Rose
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA
| | - Alex A Pyuen
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA.,Present Address: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, 2200 College Station Rd, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Douglas H Thamm
- Flint Animal Cancer Center, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, 300 West Drake Road, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1620, USA. .,Cell and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA. .,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kinowaki Y, Kurata M, Ishibashi S, Ikeda M, Tatsuzawa A, Yamamoto M, Miura O, Kitagawa M, Yamamoto K. Glutathione peroxidase 4 overexpression inhibits ROS-induced cell death in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. J Transl Med 2018; 98:609-619. [PMID: 29463878 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-017-0008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of oxidative stress and redox systems has important roles in carcinogenesis and cancer progression, and for this reason has attracted much attention as a new area of cancer therapeutic targets. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), an antioxidant enzyme, has biological important functions such as signaling cell death by suppressing peroxidation of membrane phospholipids. However, few studies exist on the expression and clinical relevance of GPX4 in malignant lymphomas such as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In this study, we assessed the expression of GPX4 immunohistochemically. GPX4 was expressed in 35.5% (33/93) cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The GPX4-positive group had poor overall survival (P = 0.0032) and progression-free survival (P = 0.0004) compared with those of the GPX4-negative group. In a combined analysis of GPX4 and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), an oxidative stress marker, there was a negative correlation between GPX4 and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (P = 0.0009). The GPX4-positive and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine-negative groups had a significantly worse prognosis than the other groups in both overall survival (P = 0.0170) and progression-free survival (P = 0.0005). These results suggest that the overexpression of GPX4 is an independent prognostic predictor in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Furthermore, in vitro analysis demonstrated that GPX4-overexpressing cells were resistant to reactive oxygen species-induced cell death (P = 0.0360). Conversely, GPX4-knockdown cells were sensitive to reactive oxygen species-induced cell death (P = 0.0111). From these data, we conclude that GPX4 regulates reactive oxygen species-induced cell death. Our results suggest a novel therapeutic strategy using the mechanism of ferroptosis, as well as a novel prognostic predictor of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Kinowaki
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Morito Kurata
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Sachiko Ishibashi
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masumi Ikeda
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Anna Tatsuzawa
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.,Department of Analytical Information of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Health Care Science, Bunkyo Gakuin University, 1-19-1, Mukougaoka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahide Yamamoto
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Osamu Miura
- Department of Hematology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masanobu Kitagawa
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kouhei Yamamoto
- Department of Comprehensive Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
El-Amine R, Germini D, Zakharova VV, Tsfasman T, Sheval EV, Louzada RAN, Dupuy C, Bilhou-Nabera C, Hamade A, Najjar F, Oksenhendler E, Lipinski M, Chernyak BV, Vassetzky YS. HIV-1 Tat protein induces DNA damage in human peripheral blood B-lymphocytes via mitochondrial ROS production. Redox Biol 2017; 15:97-108. [PMID: 29220699 PMCID: PMC5725280 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with B-cell malignancies in patients though HIV-1 is not able to infect B-cells. The rate of B-cell lymphomas in HIV-infected individuals remains high even under the combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) that reconstitutes the immune function. Thus, the contribution of HIV-1 to B-cell oncogenesis remains enigmatic. HIV-1 induces oxidative stress and DNA damage in infected cells via multiple mechanisms, including viral Tat protein. We have detected elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage in B-cells of HIV-infected individuals. As Tat is present in blood of infected individuals and is able to transduce cells, we hypothesized that it could induce oxidative DNA damage in B-cells promoting genetic instability and malignant transformation. Indeed, incubation of B-cells isolated from healthy donors with purified Tat protein led to oxidative stress, a decrease in the glutathione (GSH) levels, DNA damage and appearance of chromosomal aberrations. The effects of Tat relied on its transcriptional activity and were mediated by NF-κB activation. Tat stimulated oxidative stress in B-cells mostly via mitochondrial ROS production which depended on the reverse electron flow in Complex I of respiratory chain. We propose that Tat-induced oxidative stress, DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations are novel oncogenic factors favoring B-cell lymphomas in HIV-1 infected individuals. B-cells of HIV-infected individuals exhibit elevated levels of oxidative stress, DNA damage and chromosomal aberrations. Purified HIV-1 Tat protein reproduces this effect and induces oxidative stress and DNA damage in B-cells. HIV-1 Tat induces mitochondrial oxidative stress and activates NF-kB in B-cells. This condition increases the risk of developing chromosomal abnormalities and translocations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rawan El-Amine
- UMR 8126, Paris Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France; LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia; Doctoral school of Sciences and Technology (EDST), Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon; Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II/Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology (EDST), Lebanese University, Jdeidet El Metn-Fanar, Lebanon; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II/EDST, Lebanese University, Jdeidet El Metn-Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Diego Germini
- UMR 8126, Paris Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France; LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vlada V Zakharova
- UMR 8126, Paris Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France; LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Tsfasman
- UMR 8126, Paris Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France; LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene V Sheval
- LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ruy A N Louzada
- UMR 8200, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Corinne Dupuy
- UMR 8200, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France
| | - Chrystèle Bilhou-Nabera
- Biological Hematology Service-U.F. of Onco-Hematology Cytogenetics-Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Aline Hamade
- Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Sciences II/Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology (EDST), Lebanese University, Jdeidet El Metn-Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Fadia Najjar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences II/EDST, Lebanese University, Jdeidet El Metn-Fanar, Lebanon
| | - Eric Oksenhendler
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France
| | - Marс Lipinski
- UMR 8126, Paris Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France; LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V Chernyak
- LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yegor S Vassetzky
- UMR 8126, Paris Saclay University, Paris-Sud University, Institut Gustave Roussy, CNRS, Villejuif 94805, France; LIA 1066 LFR2O French-Russian Joint Cancer Research Laboratory, 94805 Villejuif, France, 119334 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
P Vassilakopoulos T, Levidou G, Milionis V, Hartmann S, Lakiotaki E, Sepsa A, Thymara I, Ntailiani P, Spanou K, K Angelopoulou M, P Siakantaris M, Moschogiannis M, A Pangalis G, Panayiotidis P, Konstantopoulos K, Patsouris E, Hansmann ML, Korkolopoulou P. Thioredoxin-1, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand-9 and interferon-γ expression in the neoplastic cells and macrophages of Hodgkin lymphoma: clinicopathologic correlations and potential prognostic implications. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 58:1-13. [PMID: 28571489 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1289520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Expression of thioredoxin-1 (TXN) and CXCL9 is not restricted to THRLBCL macrophages, but may be observed in histiocytes and neoplastic (HRS) cells of EBV + mixed cellularity (MC) classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) and nodular lymphocyte predominant HL. We aimed to validate and extend the above observations in 174 cHL patients evaluating the immunohistochemical expression of TXN, CXCL9 and IFN-γ. HRS-cell CXCL9 expression was higher in latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1)+, MC and Stage IV. TXN and CXCL9 expression by cHL histiocytes was more frequent in LMP1+, MC and older patients (only for CXCL9). TXN expression by HRS cells (≥80%) was independently associated with better failure-free survival. In conclusion, markers of TCHRLBCL histiocytes (TXN, CXCL9), as well as IFN-γ are also expressed by histiocyte subsets and neoplastic cells of cHL. The expression of some of them is more prominent in EBV + MC, but not restricted to this subtype. The prognostic implication of TXN needs further evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros P Vassilakopoulos
- a Department of Haematology, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Levidou
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Vassilis Milionis
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Sylvia Hartmann
- c Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Eleftheria Lakiotaki
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Athanasia Sepsa
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Irene Thymara
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Panagiota Ntailiani
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Kallirroi Spanou
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Maria K Angelopoulou
- a Department of Haematology, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Marina P Siakantaris
- a Department of Haematology, Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Moschogiannis
- d Department of Haematology , Athens Medical Center , Psychikon , Athens , Greece
| | | | - Panayiotis Panayiotidis
- c Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Kostas Konstantopoulos
- c Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Efstratios Patsouris
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| | - Martin-Leo Hansmann
- c Dr Senckenberg Institute of Pathology, Goethe University Hospital Frankfurt , Frankfurt , Germany
| | - Penelope Korkolopoulou
- b Department of Pathology , Laikon General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , Athens , Greece
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Total peroxiredoxin expression is associated with survival in patients with follicular lymphoma. Virchows Arch 2016; 468:623-30. [PMID: 26983700 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-016-1920-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 01/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Redox state-regulating enzymes may have roles in chemoresistance and also in lymphomagenesis, but there have been only a limited number of studies on this topic in lymphomas. Our aim was to assess expression of the redox state-regulating enzymes peroxiredoxins (Prxs) I-VI and thioredoxin (Trx) and the oxidative stress marker nitrotyrosine in follicular lymphomas (FLs). We immunohistochemically assessed Prxs I-VI, Trx and nitrotyrosine in a cohort of 76 histologically confirmed, untreated FLs. We also studied the localisation of Prxs I, II, III, V and VI by means of immunoelectron microscopy (IEM). Immunohistochemistry results were correlated with disease-specific survival (DSS), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and clinical prognostic factors. When all Prx expression intensities were grouped as a single variable, we discovered that high total Prx intensity correlated with favourable DSS (p = 0.024) and OS (p = 0.035) but not with PFS. No deaths due to lymphoma were recorded amongst patients with high total Prx expression during the median follow-up period of 7.6 years. IEM results were in line with earlier ones demonstrating wide subcellular localisation of Prx isoenzymes. In conclusion, our results demonstrate an association between high total Prx expression and prolonged survival and suggest that Prxs may have a protective role in FL that cannot be compensated by other antioxidant mechanisms.
Collapse
|
19
|
Pylväs-Eerola M, Karihtala P, Puistola U. Preoperative serum 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine is associated with chemoresistance and is a powerful prognostic factor in endometrioid-type epithelial ovarian cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:493. [PMID: 26134400 PMCID: PMC4489129 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is a widely seen phenomenon in several carcinomas. Increasing evidence also suggests that it has a significant role in the development of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC). 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is one of the main indicators of oxidative stress and increased expression of 8-OHdG has previously been seen in EOC. DJ-1 is an oncoprotein connected to oxidative stress regulation, but its role in ovarian cancer is not well known. We investigated redox status in different histotypes of EOC by measuring serum 8-OHdG and DJ-1 concentrations and their associations with known prognostic factors. Methods Serum samples from newly diagnosed EOC patients were collected in 1996–2009 and stored at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oulu University Hospital. Serum 8-OHdG and DJ-1 levels were measured by using commercially available ELISA kits. Clinical data was gathered retrospectively from the patients` files. Results were analyzed by using SPSS software. Results In total, 112 patient samples were analyzed (38 serous, 20 mucinous, 34 endometrioid and 20 clear-cell). High serum 8-OHdG levels were associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.019), poor disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.020), platinum resistance (p = 0.002), serous histology versus other (p = 0.033), stage III–IV versus I–II (p = 0.009) and suboptimal surgical outcome (p = 0.012). Regarding histotypes, in the endometrioid EOC group in particular, serum 8-OHdG levels were significantly associated with poor DFS (p = 0.005), suboptimal surgical outcome (p = 0.025), and platinum resistance (p = 0.007). The prognostic significance of 8-OHdG in patients with endometrioid cancer in terms of DFS was confirmed in Cox regression analysis. High DJ-1 levels were associated with high histological grade (p = 0.029) and nonsignificantly associated with serous histology vs. other histology (p = 0.089). Conclusions An elevated serum 8-OHdG level is a significant predictor of poor prognosis, especially in cases of the endometrioid subtype of ovarian carcinoma. High 8-OHdG levels are associated with all traditional factors of poor prognosis in ovarian cancer and they also predict earlier development of platinum resistance. These results could be valuable when deciding the primary treatment mode for EOC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marjo Pylväs-Eerola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, P.O. Box 22, FIN-90029, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ulla Puistola
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical Research Center Oulu, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abstract
Characteristics of cancer cells include a more oxidized redox environment, metabolic reprogramming and apoptosis resistance. Our studies with a lymphoma model have explored connections between the cellular redox environment and cancer cell phenotypes. Alterations seen in lymphoma cells made resistant to oxidative stress include: a more oxidized redox environment despite increased expression of antioxidant enzymes, enhanced net tumour growth, metabolic changes involving the mitochondria and resistance to the mitochondrial pathway to apoptosis. Of particular importance, the cells show cross-resistance to multiple chemotherapeutic agents used to treat aggressive lymphomas. Analyses of clinical and tumour data reveal the worst prognosis when patients' lymphomas have gene expression patterns consistent with the most oxidized redox environment. Lymphomas from patients with the worst survival outcomes express increased levels of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation, including cytochrome c. This is consistent with these cells functioning as metabolic opportunists. Using lymphoma cell models and primary lymphoma cultures, we observed enhanced killing using genetic and drug approaches which further oxidize the cellular redox environment. These approaches include increased expression of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), treatment with a manganoporphyrin that oxidizes the glutathione redox couple, or treatment with a copper chelator that inhibits SOD1 and leads to peroxynitrite-dependent cell death. The latter approach effectively kills lymphoma cells that overexpress the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. Given the central role of mitochondria in redox homoeostasis, metabolism and the intrinsic pathway to apoptosis, our studies support the development of new anti-cancer drugs to target this organelle.
Collapse
|
21
|
Kuusisto MEL, Haapasaari KM, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Jantunen E, Soini Y, Peroja P, Bloigu R, Karihtala P, Kuittinen O. High intensity of cytoplasmic peroxiredoxin VI expression is associated with adverse outcome in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma independently of International Prognostic Index. J Clin Pathol 2015; 68:552-6. [PMID: 25935550 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive and potentially fatal disease. Prediction of risk of relapse is based on clinical markers. There is a need for more accurate biomarkers to select patients for more aggressive first-line treatments. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of potent antioxidant proteins. Their prognostic role in DLBCL is unknown. METHODS Altogether, 103 diagnostic biopsy samples from patients with DLBCL were immunohistochemically stained for Prxs I, II, III, V and VI. RESULTS Strong Prx VI expression was associated with the presence of B-symptoms. There were no other significant associations with traditional risk factors. Five-year disease-specific survival was 68.6% in patients with high cytoplasmic Prx VI intensity vs 97.0% in those with low intensity. In multivariate analysis, high Prx VI expression (HR 12.846, 95% CI 1.722 to 95.807, p=0.013) was an independent risk factor of lymphoma-associated death not related to International Prognostic Index score (HR 2.514, 95% CI 1.040 to 6.073, p=0.041). CONCLUSIONS High intensity of cytoplasmic Prx VI expression in pretreatment DLBCL samples predicts worse outcome in patients with DLBCL. Whether Prx VI is associated with chemoresistance, and therefore a poorer outcome, needs to be evaluated. If Prx VI is a predictive marker and it proves causality, it would be crucial to study Prx VI ability to become a target enzyme for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milla Elvi Linnea Kuusisto
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Taina Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Esa Jantunen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ylermi Soini
- Department of Pathology, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Cancer Center of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Peroja
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Risto Bloigu
- Medical Informatics and Statistics Research Group, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Peeter Karihtala
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Outi Kuittinen
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Oulu, Medical Research Center and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Rotblat B, Grunewald TGP, Leprivier G, Melino G, Knight RA. Anti-oxidative stress response genes: bioinformatic analysis of their expression and relevance in multiple cancers. Oncotarget 2014; 4:2577-90. [PMID: 24342878 PMCID: PMC3926850 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells mount a transcriptional anti-oxidative stress (AOS) response program to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) that arise from chemical, physical, and metabolic challenges. This protective program has been shown to reduce carcinogenesis triggered by chemical and physical insults. However, it is also hijacked by established cancers to thrive and proliferate within the hostile tumor microenvironment and to gain resistance against chemo- and radiotherapies. Therefore, targeting the AOS response proteins that are exploited by cancer cells is an attractive therapeutic strategy. In order to identify the AOS genes that are suspected to support cancer progression and resistance, we analyzed the expression patterns of 285 genes annotated for being involved in oxidative stress in 994 tumors and 353 normal tissues. Thereby we identified a signature of 116 genes that are highly overexpressed in multiple carcinomas while being only minimally expressed in normal tissues. To establish which of these genes are more likely to functionally drive cancer resistance and progression, we further identified those whose overexpression correlates with negative patient outcome in breast and lung carcinoma. Gene-set enrichment, GO, network, and pathway analyses revealed that members of the thioredoxin and glutathione pathways are prominent components of this oncogenic signature and that activation of these pathways is common feature of many cancer entities. Interestingly, a large fraction of these AOS genes are downstream targets of the transcription factors NRF2, NF-kappaB and FOXM1, and relay on NADPH for their enzymatic activities highlighting promising drug targets. We discuss these findings and propose therapeutic strategies that may be applied to overcome cancer resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barak Rotblat
- Medical Research Council, Toxicology Unit, Leicester University, Leicester, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Phase 2 study of imexon, a prooxidant molecule, in relapsed and refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood 2014; 124:1259-65. [PMID: 25016003 PMCID: PMC4141515 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-04-570044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma cells are subject to higher levels of oxidative stress compared with their normal counterparts and may be vulnerable to manipulations of the cellular redox balance. We therefore designed a phase 2 study of imexon (Amplimexon/NSC-714597), a prooxidant molecule, in patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Imexon was administered at 1000 mg/m(2) IV daily for 5 days in 21-day cycles. Gene expression analysis performed on pretreatment tumor specimens included 13 transcripts used to generate a redox signature score, previously demonstrated to correlate with lymphoma prognosis. Twenty-two patients were enrolled having follicular (n = 9), diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL) (n = 5), mantle cell (n = 3), transformed follicular (n = 2), small lymphocytic (n = 2), and Burkitt (n = 1) lymphoma. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were anemia (14%) and neutropenia (9%). The overall response rate was 30%, including responses in follicular lymphoma (4 of 9) and DLBCL (2 of 5). Gene expression analyses revealed CD68 and the redox-related genes, GPX1 and SOD2, as well as a higher redox score to correlate with clinical responses. Therefore, pretreatment markers of oxidative stress may identify patients likely to respond to this therapeutic approach. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT01314014.
Collapse
|
24
|
Bur H, Haapasaari KM, Turpeenniemi-Hujanen T, Kuittinen O, Auvinen P, Marin K, Koivunen P, Sormunen R, Soini Y, Karihtala P. Oxidative stress markers and mitochondrial antioxidant enzyme expression are increased in aggressive Hodgkin lymphomas. Histopathology 2014; 65:319-27. [PMID: 24698430 DOI: 10.1111/his.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Hodgkin lymphoma treatments are largely based on the generation of reactive oxygen species, but increased expression of antioxidant enzymes may contribute to chemoresistance. The aims of this study were: to define the extent and prognostic value of oxidative stress marker and antioxidant enzyme expression in Hodgkin lymphomas; and to investigate a potential association between antioxidant enzymes and chemoresistance. METHODS AND RESULTS We immunohistochemically assessed expression of peroxiredoxin (Prx) II, Prx III, Prx V, Prx VI, manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and nitrotyrosine in 99 cases of uniformly treated Hodgkin lymphoma. Localization of 8-OHdG was assessed using transmission electron microscopy, which demonstrated expression in the cytosol and mitochondria. 8-OHdG expression in Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells was associated with advanced stage (P = 0.006) and a lower International Prognostic Score (P = 0.004). Prx III expression in reactive cellular infiltrate was associated with advanced stage (P = 0.002) and B-symptoms (P = 0.0006). Strong cytoplasmic Prx V immunostaining was associated with a low rate of complete response to chemotherapy (P = 0.043). MnSOD immunostaining in RS cells was related to advanced stage (P = 0.031) and to poorer relapse-free survival (RFS) (P = 0.033). Low 8-OHdG expression in the nuclei of RS cells was a predictor of poorer RFS (P = 0.038). Both 8-OHdG and MnSOD were also significant RFS predictors in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that significant oxidative stress exists in Hodgkin lymphomas, both in RS cells and in reactive cellular infiltrates. Mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes are induced in the most aggressive forms of the disease, and they may play some part in chemoresistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Bur
- Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Ichikawa S, Fukuhara N, Katsushima H, Takahashi T, Yamamoto J, Yokoyama H, Sasaki O, Fukuhara O, Nomura J, Ishizawa K, Ichinohasama R, Muto A, Igarashi K, Harigae H. Association between BACH2 expression and clinical prognosis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Cancer Sci 2014; 105:437-44. [PMID: 24450488 PMCID: PMC4317811 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACH2, a B cell-specific transcriptional repressor, plays a significant role in B cell maturation. Despite a number of previous studies, the clinicopathological significance of BACH2 expression in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) remains to be established. The present study was performed to validate the significance of BACH2 expression as a predictor of prognosis in DLBCL. A total of 94 DLBCL cases were included in the present study. All were diagnosed between 2008 and 2011, and thorough clinical and pathological investigations were possible, including immunohistochemical analysis of BACH2. Eighteen cases were selected by positive MYC gene alteration (MYC+ group) according to cytogenetic study. The remaining 76 cases were subclassified into germinal center B cell phenotype (GCB group, 38 cases) or non-GCB phenotype (non-GCB group, 38 cases). There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to clinical characteristics and outcomes. In the GCB group, 21 cases were judged to have high BACH2 expression, with 19 cases in the non-GCB group. In cases with high BACH2 expression in GCB and non-GCB groups, the 3-year overall survival (OS) rate was significantly shorter than that with low expression (71.7% vs 91.3%, P = 0.0256). In the MYC+ group, 15 cases had high BACH2 expression levels. Although overall the MYC+ group showed short survival time (3-year OS 35.0%), 3 out of 4 cases with low BACH2 expression are alive without disease relapse at the time of publication of this paper. In conclusion, BACH2 expression level is a promising predictor of prognosis for DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Ichikawa
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Imbesi S, Musolino C, Allegra A, Saija A, Morabito F, Calapai G, Gangemi S. Oxidative stress in oncohematologic diseases: an update. Expert Rev Hematol 2013; 6:317-25. [PMID: 23782085 DOI: 10.1586/ehm.13.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
An increased risk of cancer in various organs has been related to oxidative stress and several studies have revealed the mechanism by which continued oxidative stress can lead to chronic inflammation, which in turn could mediate most chronic diseases including cancer. A variety of transcription factors may be activated in consequence of oxidative stress, leading to the expression of over 500 different genes, including those for growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, cell cycle regulatory molecules and anti-inflammatory molecules. In this review, the data related to the action of oxidative stress on the onset of various oncohematologic diseases are summarized, thus bringing together some of the latest information available on the pathogenetic role of oxidative stress in cancer. The authors evaluate the most recent publications on this topic, and, in particular, show the newest evidence of a relationship between oxidative stress and hematological malignancies, such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma and chronic Ph-negative myeloproliferative diseases. A separate section is devoted to the implications of a change of oxidative stress in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation. Finally, particular attention is given to the new markers of oxidative stress, such as carbonyl groups, advanced glycation end products, advanced oxidation protein products and S-nitrosylated proteins, which are certainly more stable, reliable, cheaper and more easily identifiable than those already used in clinical practice. New approaches that aim to evaluate subcellular and microenvironment redox potential may be useful in developing cancer diagnostics and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selene Imbesi
- Department of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, School & Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|