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Saeed M, Mohammad A, Singh P, Lal B, Suliman M, Alshahrani MY, Sharma M. Coconut waste valorization to produce biochar catalyst and its application in cellulose-degrading enzymes production via SSF. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 240:124382. [PMID: 37030469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Solid waste management and waste valorization are key concerns and challenges around the globe. Solid wastes generated by food industries are found in a diverse variety, are key sources of enormously valuable compounds, and can be effectively transformed into useful products for broad industrial applications. Biomass-based catalysts, industrial enzymes, and biofuels are some of the very prominent and sustainable products that are developed using these solid wastes. The aims of the current study are therefore centered on the multiple valorizations of coconut waste (CWs) to develop biochar as a catalyst and its application in fungal enzyme production in solid-state fermentation (SSF). Biochar as a catalyst using CWs has been prepared via a calcination process lasting 1 h at 500 °C and characterized through X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope techniques. The produced biochar has been implemented for boosting enzyme production through SSF. In addition, studies have been performed on enzyme production with varying time and temperature, and it is found that the maximum 92 IU/gds BGL enzyme could be produced at a 2.5 mg concentration of biochar-catalyst at 40 °C in 72 h.
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Singh N, Sithole B, Govinden R. Screening for cellulases and preliminary optimisation of glucose tolerant β-glucosidase production and characterisation. Mycology 2022; 14:91-107. [PMID: 37152851 PMCID: PMC10161942 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2022.2155261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for a novel microbial producer of cellulases including a glucose tolerant β-glucosidase is a challenge as most are inhibited by their product glucose. This study aims to screen for cellulolytic fungi using qualitative and quantitative screening methods. Primary screening revealed 34 of 46 fungal isolates with β-glucosidase activity. Eleven and 13 of these also displayed endoglucanase and exoglucanase activities, respectively. During secondary screening, this number was reduced to 26 β-glucosidase producers with 13 also having endoglucanase and exoglucanase activities. Isolate C1 displayed enhanced production of β-glucosidases in the presence of 0.05 M glucose (69% higher activity). Optimisation of growth conditions for β-glucosidase production by one variable at a time experiments improved production for (isolates) PS1 (64%), MB5 (84%), and C2 (69%). Isolate PS1 identified as Chaetomella sp. BBA70074 displayed the highest tolerance to glucose, retaining 10% of β-glucosidase activity in the presence of 0.8 M glucose. Tolerance to glucose increased to 14% when produced under optimal conditions. β-Glucosidase had a molecular weight of 170 kDa with a pH and temperature optima of 6 and 70°C, respectively. Future studies will include optimisation of the production of the glucose tolerant enzyme by Chaetomella sp. BBA70074.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivisti Singh
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Bruce Sithole
- Discipline of Engineering, Howard Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban, South Africa
| | - Roshini Govinden
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Westville Campus, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Duwe V, Vu L, von Rintelen T, von Raab-Straube E, Schmidt S, Nguyen S, Vu T, Do T, Luu T, Truong V, Di Vincenzo V, Schmidt O, Glöckler F, Jahn R, Lücking R, von Oheimb K, von Oheimb P, Heinze S, Abarca N, Bollendorff S, Borsch T, Buenaventura E, Dang H, Dinh T, Do H, Ehlers S, Freyhof J, Hayden S, Hein P, Hoang T, Hoang D, Hoang S, Kürschner H, Kusber WH, Le H, Le T, Linde M, Mey W, Nguyen H, Nguyen M, Nguyen M, Nguyen D, Nguyen T, Nguyen V, Nguyen D, Ohl M, Parolly G, Pham T, Pham P, Rabe K, Schurian B, Skibbe O, Sulikowska-Drozd A, To Q, Truong T, Zimmermann J, Häuser C. Contributions to the biodiversity of Vietnam – Results of VIETBIO inventory work and field training in Cuc Phuong National Park. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e77025. [PMID: 35068979 PMCID: PMC8752577 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e77025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
VIETBIO [Innovative approaches to biodiversity discovery and characterisation in Vietnam] is a bilateral German-Vietnamese research and capacity building project focusing on the development and transfer of new methods and technology towards an integrated biodiversity discovery and monitoring system for Vietnam. Dedicated field training and testing of innovative methodologies were undertaken in Cuc Phuong National Park as part and with support of the project, which led to the new biodiversity data and records made available in this article collection. VIETBIO is a collaboration between the Museum für Naturkunde Berlin – Leibniz Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity Science (MfN), the Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin (BGBM) and the Vietnam National Museum of Nature (VNMN), the Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources (IEBR), the Southern Institute of Ecology (SIE), as well as the Institute of Tropical Biology (ITB); all Vietnamese institutions belong to the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST). The article collection "VIETBIO" (https://doi.org/10.3897/bdj.coll.63) reports original results of recent biodiversity recording and survey work undertaken in Cuc Phuong National Park, northern Vietnam, under the framework of the VIETBIO project. The collection consist of this “main” cover paper – characterising the study area, the general project approaches and activities, while also giving an extensive overview on previous studies from this area – followed by individual papers for higher taxa as studied during the project. The main purpose is to make primary biodiversity records openly available, including several new and interesting findings for this biodiversity-rich conservation area. All individual data papers with their respective primary records are expected to provide useful baselines for further taxonomic, phylogenetic, ecological and conservation-related studies on the respective taxa and, thus, will be maintained as separate datasets, including separate GUIDs also for further updating.
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Dar MA, Dhole NP, Xie R, Pawar KD, Ullah K, Rahi P, Pandit RS, Sun J. Valorization Potential of a Novel Bacterial Strain, Bacillus altitudinis RSP75, towards Lignocellulose Bioconversion: An Assessment of Symbiotic Bacteria from the Stored Grain Pest, Tribolium castaneum. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9091952. [PMID: 34576846 PMCID: PMC8468446 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9091952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioconversion of lignocellulose into renewable energy and commodity products faces a major obstacle of inefficient saccharification due to its recalcitrant structure. In nature, lignocellulose is efficiently degraded by some insects, including termites and beetles, potentially due to the contribution from symbiotic gut bacteria. To this end, the presented investigation reports the isolation and characterization of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut system of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Out of the 15 isolated bacteria, strain RSP75 showed the highest cellulolytic activities by forming a clearance zone of 28 mm in diameter with a hydrolytic capacity of ~4.7. The MALDI-TOF biotyping and 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the strain RSP75 belongs to Bacillus altitudinis. Among the tested enzymes, B. altitudinis RSP75 showed maximum activity of 63.2 IU/mL extract for xylanase followed by β-glucosidase (47.1 ± 3 IU/mL extract) which were manifold higher than previously reported activities. The highest substrate degradation was achieved with wheat husk and corn cob powder which accounted for 69.2% and 54.5%, respectively. The scanning electron microscopy showed adhesion of the bacterial cells with the substrate which was further substantiated by FTIR analysis that depicted the absence of the characteristic cellulose bands at wave numbers 1247, 1375, and 1735 cm-1 due to hydrolysis by the bacterium. Furthermore, B. altitudinis RSP75 showed co-culturing competence with Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioethanol production from lignocellulose as revealed by GC-MS analysis. The overall observations signify the gut of T. castaneum as a unique and impressive reservoir to prospect for lignocellulose-degrading bacteria that can have many biotechnological applications, including biofuels and biorefinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir A. Dar
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China or (M.A.D.); (R.X.)
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;
| | - Neeraja P. Dhole
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;
| | - Rongrong Xie
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China or (M.A.D.); (R.X.)
| | - Kiran D. Pawar
- School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Vidyanagar, Kolhapur 416004, India;
| | - Kalim Ullah
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China;
| | - Praveen Rahi
- National Centre for Microbial Research, Trinity Complex, Pashan, Pune 411021, India;
| | - Radhakrishna S. Pandit
- Department of Zoology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune 411007, India;
- Correspondence: (R.S.P.); (J.S.)
| | - Jianzhong Sun
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China or (M.A.D.); (R.X.)
- Correspondence: (R.S.P.); (J.S.)
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Infanzón-Rodríguez MI, Ragazzo-Sánchez JA, Del Moral S, Calderón-Santoyo M, Aguilar-Uscanga MG. Production and characterization of an enzyme extract with cellulase activity produced by an indigenous strain of Fusarium verticillioides ITV03 using sweet sorghum bagasse. Biotechnol Lett 2020; 42:2271-2283. [PMID: 32533374 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-020-02940-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate a strain of Fusarium verticillioides ITV03 isolated from wood residues in the Veracruz region of Mexico. Endoglucanase and β-glucosidase production by submerged fermentation was optimized using a Box-Behnken design, where the independent variables were urea, ammonium sulfate and yeast extract. RESULTS After optimization, an endoglucanase activity of 0.27 U/mL was achieved; subsequently, three carbon sources were evaluated (carboxymethyl cellulose, sweet sorghum bagasse cellulose and delignified sweet sorghum bagasse (DSSB). The results showed that DSSB yielded the greatest endoglucanase (0.28 U/mL) and β-glucosidase (0.12 U/mL) activities. Both enzymatic activities were characterized for the effect of pH, temperature and thermostability. The optimal parameters of β-glucosidase and endoglucanase activity were pH 5 and 4 respectively, the optimum temperature 60 °C. These enzymes were stable at 50 °C for 150.68 h and 8.54 h, with an activation energy (Ea(day)) of 265.55 kJ/mol and 44.40 kJ/mol respectively, for β-glucosidase and endoglucanase. CONCLUSION The present work shows that a native strain like F. verticillioides ITV03 using DSSB supplemented with nitrogen has a great potential as a producer of cellulase for lignocellulosic residue hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Inés Infanzón-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, C.P. 63175, Tepic, NAY, Mexico
| | - Juan Arturo Ragazzo-Sánchez
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, C.P. 63175, Tepic, NAY, Mexico
| | - Sandra Del Moral
- Cátedra-CONACYT, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz-UNIDA, Av. M. A. de Quevedo Núm. 2779, C.P. 91860, Veracruz, VER, Mexico
| | - Montserrat Calderón-Santoyo
- Laboratorio Integral de Investigación en Alimentos, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Tepic, C.P. 63175, Tepic, NAY, Mexico
| | - María Guadalupe Aguilar-Uscanga
- Cátedra-CONACYT, Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Veracruz-UNIDA, Av. M. A. de Quevedo Núm. 2779, C.P. 91860, Veracruz, VER, Mexico.
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Karami F, Ghorbani M, Sadeghi Mahoonak A, Khodarahmi R. Fast, inexpensive purification of β-glucosidase from Aspergillus niger and improved catalytic/physicochemical properties upon the enzyme immobilization: Possible broad prospects for industrial applications. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.108770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Andrades DD, Graebin NG, Ayub MA, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rodrigues RC. Physico-chemical properties, kinetic parameters, and glucose inhibition of several beta-glucosidases for industrial applications. Process Biochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ghosh D, Jana BB, Lahiri S, Bhakta J, Bhattacharjee A. Assessing the cellulase enzyme heterogeneity of bacterial strains and their feedback to cattle manure degradation in a greenhouse model of in vivo pond ecosystem. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2018; 190:452. [PMID: 29982862 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6821-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The responses of cellulase enzymes of three bacterial isolates and their impacts on cattle manure decomposition were assessed in a greenhouse model in vivo pond ecosystem. Fifty grams of fresh cattle manure was placed in a fastened nylon bag (mesh size ~ 50 μm dia.) and placed in triplicate in a plastic bucket with 10 l of pond water which was hung inside the enclosed polyhouse, semi-closed and open systems for 4 weeks. Samples of manure residue directly from nylon bag and water from manure leached bucket water, water, and soil from the enclosed polyhouse were collected for enzymatic assays, enumeration of aerobic cellulose decomposing and heterotrophic bacteria, and determination of water and soil quality parameters. Responses of cellulases to different temperatures in situ were also elucidated. The values of test bacteria, endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase, and organic carbon were significantly (P ˂ 0.05) higher in the closed system compared to semi-closed or open system. Priming of all the enzymes coupled with the peak of aerobic cellulose decomposing bacteria and heterotrophic bacterial populations occurred on the day 14 or 21 in vivo. Since the peaks of three cellulases of bacterial isolates (KUPH1, KUPH6, and KUPH8) were demonstrated between 35 and 40 °C, and that temperature coincided with temperature of the greenhouse model, this temperature range appeared to favor the growth of cellulose decomposing bacterial populations and involved cellulase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Ghosh
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering & Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Bana Bihari Jana
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering & Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India.
- Centre for Environmental Protection and Human Resource Development (KSI), Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India.
| | - Susmita Lahiri
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering & Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Jatridranath Bhakta
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering & Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
| | - Ankita Bhattacharjee
- International Centre for Ecological Engineering & Department of Ecological Studies, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, 741235, India
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Mallek-Fakhfakh H, Fakhfakh J, Masmoudi N, Rezgui F, Gargouri A, Belghith H. Agricultural wastes as substrates for β-glucosidase production by Talaromyces thermophilus: Role of these enzymes in enhancing waste paper saccharification. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 47:414-423. [PMID: 27824279 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2016.1252928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated a potent extracellular β-glucosidases secreted by the thermophilic fungal strain AX4 of Talaromyces thermophilus, isolated from Tunisian soil samples. This strain was selected referring to the highest thermostability of its β-glucosidases compared to the other fungal isolates. The β-glucosidase production was investigated by submerged fermentation. The optimal temperature and initial pH for maximum β-glucosidase production were 50°C and 7.0, respectively. Several carbon sources were assayed for their effects on β-glucosidase production, significant yields were obtained in media containing lactose 1% (3.0 ± 0.36 U/ml) and wheat bran 2% (4.0 ± 0.4 U/ml). The combination of wheat bran at 2% and lactose at 0.8% as carbon source enhanced β-glucosidase production, which reached 8.5 ± 0.28 U/ml. Furthermore, the β-glucosidase-rich enzymatic juice of T. thermophilus exhibited significant synergism with Trichoderma reesei (Rut C30) cellulases for pretreated waste paper (PWP) hydrolysis. Interestingly, the use of this optimal enzymatic cocktail increased 4.23 fold the glucose yield after saccharification of waste paper. A maximum sugar yield (94%) was reached when using low substrate (2%) and enzyme loading (EC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanen Mallek-Fakhfakh
- a Laboratory of Eukaryotes Molecular Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Jawhar Fakhfakh
- b Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Substances, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Najla Masmoudi
- a Laboratory of Eukaryotes Molecular Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Fatma Rezgui
- a Laboratory of Eukaryotes Molecular Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Ali Gargouri
- a Laboratory of Eukaryotes Molecular Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
| | - Hafedh Belghith
- a Laboratory of Eukaryotes Molecular Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax , University of Sfax , Sfax , Tunisia
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Expression of novel glucose tolerant β-glucosidase on cell surface by Rhodotorula glutinis isolate. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Goyari S, Devi S, Bengyella L, Khan M, Sharma C, Kalita M, Talukdar N. Unveiling the optimal parameters for cellulolytic characteristics of Talaromyces verruculosus
SGMNPf3 and its secretory enzymes. J Appl Microbiol 2015; 119:88-98. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Goyari
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable development (IBSD); Imphal Manipur India
| | - S.H. Devi
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable development (IBSD); Imphal Manipur India
| | - L. Bengyella
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable development (IBSD); Imphal Manipur India
| | - M. Khan
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST); Boragaon Assam India
| | - C.K. Sharma
- Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable development (IBSD); Imphal Manipur India
| | - M.C. Kalita
- Department of Biotechnology; Gauhati University; Jalukbari Assam India
| | - N.C. Talukdar
- Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST); Boragaon Assam India
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