1
|
Záveský L, Jandáková E, Weinberger V, Minář L, Kohoutová M, Tefr Faridová A, Slanař O. The Overexpressed MicroRNAs miRs-182, 155, 493, 454, and U6 snRNA and Underexpressed let-7c, miR-328, and miR-451a as Potential Biomarkers in Invasive Breast Cancer and Their Clinicopathological Significance. Oncology 2024:1-16. [PMID: 39134012 DOI: 10.1159/000540863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer comprises the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important factors with concern to carcinogenesis and have potential for use as biomarkers. METHODS This study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the microRNA expression in invasive breast carcinoma of no special type tissues compared with benign tissues via large-scale screening and the candidate-specific validation of 15 miRNAs and U6 snRNA applying qPCR and the examination of clinicopathological data. RESULTS Of the six downregulated miRNAs, let-7c was identified as the most promising miRNA biomarker and its lower expression was linked with Ki-67 positivity, luminal B versus luminal A samples, multifocality, lymph node metastasis, and inferior PFS. Of the 9 upregulated sncRNAs, the data on U6 snRNA, miR-493 and miR-454 highlighted their potential oncogenic functions. An elevated U6 snRNA expression was associated with the tumor grade, Ki-67 positivity, luminal B versus A samples, lymph node metastasis, and worsened PFS (and OS) outcomes. An elevated miR-454 expression was detected in higher grades, Ki-67 positive and luminal B versus A samples. Higher miR-493 levels were noted for the tumor stage (and grade) and worse patient outcomes (PFS, OS). The data also suggested that miR-451a and miR-328 may have tumor suppressor roles, and miR-182 and miR-200c pro-oncogenic functions, while the remaining sncRNAs did not evince any significant associations. CONCLUSION We showed particular microRNAs and U6 snRNA as differentially expressed between tumors and benign tissues and associated with clinicopathological parameters, thus potentially corresponding with important roles in breast carcinogenesis. Their importance should be further investigated and evaluated in follow-up studies to reveal their potential in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luděk Záveský
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Eva Jandáková
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Vit Weinberger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Luboš Minář
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University and University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Milada Kohoutová
- Institute of Biology and Medical Genetics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| | - Adela Tefr Faridová
- After-surgery Gynecological Department, Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ondřej Slanař
- Institute of Pharmacology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czechia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rypens C, Van Berckelaer C, Berditchevski F, van Dam P, Van Laere S. Deciphering the molecular biology of inflammatory breast cancer through molecular characterization of patient samples and preclinical models. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 384:77-112. [PMID: 38637101 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer with dismal patient prognosis and a unique clinical presentation. In the past two decades, molecular profiling technologies have been used in order to gain insight into the molecular biology of IBC and to search for possible targets for treatment. Although a gene signature that accurately discriminates between IBC and nIBC patient samples and preclinical models was identified, the overall genomic and transcriptomic differences are small and ambiguous, mainly due to the limited sample sizes of the evaluated patient series and the failure to correct for confounding effects of the molecular subtypes. Nevertheless, data collected over the past 20 years by independent research groups increasingly support the existence of several IBC-specific biological characteristics. In this review, these features are classified as established, emerging and conceptual hallmarks based on the level of evidence reported in the literature. In addition, a synoptic model is proposed that integrates all hallmarks and that can explain how cancer cell intrinsic mechanisms (i.e. NF-κB activation, genomic instability, MYC-addiction, TGF-β resistance, adaptive stress response, chromatin remodeling, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition) can contribute to the establishment of the dynamic immune microenvironment associated with IBC. It stands to reason that future research projects are needed to further refine (parts of) this model and to investigate its clinical translatability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Rypens
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; CellCarta N V, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Christophe Van Berckelaer
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Fedor Berditchevski
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Peter van Dam
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Multidisciplinary Oncological Centre Antwerp (MOCA), Antwerp University Hospital, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Steven Van Laere
- Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Integrated Personalized and Precision Oncology Network (IPPON), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Padroni L, De Marco L, Dansero L, Fiano V, Milani L, Vasapolli P, Manfredi L, Caini S, Agnoli C, Ricceri F, Sacerdote C. An Epidemiological Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis on Biomarker Role of Circulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer Incidence. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:3910. [PMID: 36835336 PMCID: PMC9967215 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a multifactorial disease caused by an interaction between genetic predisposition and environmental exposures. MicroRNAs are a group of small non-coding RNA molecules, which seem to have a role either as tumor suppressor genes or oncogenes and seem to be related to cancer risk factors. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify circulating microRNAs related to BC diagnosis, paying special attention to methodological problems in this research field. A meta-analysis was performed for microRNAs analyzed in at least three independent studies where sufficient data to make analysis were presented. Seventy-five studies were included in the systematic review. A meta-analysis was performed for microRNAs analyzed in at least three independent studies where sufficient data to make analysis were presented. Seven studies were included in the MIR21 and MIR155 meta-analysis, while four studies were included in the MIR10b metanalysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of MIR21 for BC diagnosis were 0.86 (95%CI 0.76-0.93) and 0.84 (95%CI 0.71-0.92), 0.83 (95%CI 0.72-0.91) and 0.90 (95%CI 0.69-0.97) for MIR155, and 0.56 (95%CI 0.32-0.71) and 0.95 (95%CI 0.88-0.98) for MIR10b, respectively. Several other microRNAs were found to be dysregulated, distinguishing BC patients from healthy controls. However, there was little consistency between included studies, making it difficult to identify specific microRNAs useful for diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Padroni
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Laura De Marco
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lucia Dansero
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health (C-BEPH), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Valentina Fiano
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Milani
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Vasapolli
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Manfredi
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health (C-BEPH), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Saverio Caini
- Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudia Agnoli
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health (C-BEPH), Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Carlotta Sacerdote
- Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University-Hospital and Center for Cancer Prevention (CPO), Via Santena 7, 10126 Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang S, Li L, Yang M, Wang X, Zhang H, Wu N, Jia K, Wang J, Li M, Wei L, Liu J. Identification of Three Circulating MicroRNAs in Plasma as Clinical Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Detection. J Clin Med 2022; 12:jcm12010322. [PMID: 36615122 PMCID: PMC9821655 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12010322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The diagnostic value of microRNAs (miRNAs) for breast cancer (BC) is largely unknown. Here, our research aim was to explore new circulating miRNAs for BC diagnosis. First, we identified 14 common differentially expressed miRNAs in tissues by TCGA_BRCA and GSE97811 datasets and preliminarily validated them in serum by the GSE73002 dataset. Furthermore, we examined three plasma miRNAs in BC patients (n = 108) and healthy subjects (n = 103) by RT−PCR, namely, hsa-miR-100-5p, hsa-miR-191-5p and hsa-miR-342-3p. The levels of these three miRNAs in BC patients were higher than those in healthy controls (p < 0.05). The ROC curve analysis revealed that these three miRNAs had high diagnostic efficacy for BC and early-stage BC. The combination of hsa-miR-100-5p and hsa-miR-191-5p was the optimal combination for the diagnosis of BC and early-stage BC. Additionally, hsa-miR-100-5p was correlated with stage I−II, T1 stage, N0 stage and Luminal A subtype (p < 0.05). Hsa-miR-191-5p and hsa-miR-342-3p were irrelevant to TNM stage, T stage, N stage and molecular subtypes. Meanwhile, the biological function analysis indicated that these three miRNAs are mainly involved in the calcium signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and microRNAs in cancer. In conclusion, these three miRNAs demonstrate a positive effect on detection and discovery in BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lijuan Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Kaichao Jia
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Junchao Wang
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Menghui Li
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Lijuan Wei
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-22-2334-0123 (L.W. & J.L.)
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Huanhu Xi Road, Hexi District, Tianjin 300060, China
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (J.L.); Tel.: +86-22-2334-0123 (L.W. & J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ali Ahmed E, Abd El-Basit SA, Mohamed MA, Swellam M. Clinical role of MiRNA 29a and MiRNA 335 on breast cancer management: their relevance to MMP2 protein level. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1058-1065. [PMID: 32267166 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1749085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating miRNAs are novel biomarkers, authors aimed to investigate the expression level of miR-29a and miR-335 and their relevance to CEA, CA15.3, and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP2). MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer (BC) patients (n = 44), benign breast lesion patients (n = 25), and healthy individuals (n = 19) were enrolled for detection of miRNA expression levels, MMP2 and biochemical markers using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS Expression of miR-29a and miR-335 were significantly decreased in breast patients as compared to healthy individuals, while biochemical markers were high in BC patients as compared to the other two groups. The diagnostic efficacy for miR-29a, miR-335, and MMP2 were superior to both CEA and CA 15.3 for early detection of BC patients. CONCLUSIONS Detection of the miR-29a and miR335 expression levels in serum samples are significant promising biomarkers for BC diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ali Ahmed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sohir A Abd El-Basit
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Menha Swellam
- Biochemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Division, Giza, Egypt
- High Throughput Molecular and Genetic Laboratory, Center for Excellences for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rezaei Z, Sadri F. MicroRNAs Involved in Inflammatory Breast Cancer: Oncogene and Tumor Suppressors with Possible Targets. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:499-512. [PMID: 33493414 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2020.6320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) as a rare and highly aggressive type of breast cancer displays phenotypic characteristics. To date, the IBC-associated molecular mechanisms are entirely unknown. In addition, there is an urgent need to identify the new biomarkers involved in the diagnosis and therapeutic purposes of IBC. MicroRNAs, a category of short noncoding RNAs, are capable of controlling the post-transcriptional expression of genes and thus can act as diagnostic predictive tools. In this review, we addressed the status of oncogenic and tumor suppressor miRNA-mediated IBC in current studies. Furthermore, based on their targets, their involvement in cancer progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and apoptosis were determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Rezaei
- Department of Biology, University of Sistan and Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran.,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Farzad Sadri
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.,Young Researchers and Elite Club, Yasooj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yasooj, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Chong ZX, Yeap SK, Ho WY. Roles of circulating microRNA(s) in human breast cancer. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 695:108583. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
8
|
Nair RA, Verma VK, Beevi SS, Rawoof A, Alexander LE, Prasad ER, Kumari PK, Kumar P, Dinesh Kumar L. MicroRNA Signatures in Blood or Bone Marrow Distinguish Subtypes of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Transl Oncol 2020; 13:100800. [PMID: 32531485 PMCID: PMC7292917 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OncomiRs are microRNAs that are associated with early onset of specific cancers. To identify microRNAs involved in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) subtypes T-ALL and B-ALL, peripheral blood and bone marrow samples were independently subjected to microarray analysis using two different high-fidelity array platforms. The unique and common gene signatures from both arrays were validated by TaqMan individual assays in 100 pediatric ALL samples. Survival studies were carried out in the test set and validation set with 50 randomly selected samples in each set. MicroRNA expression profile revealed characteristic signatures for distinguishing T and B lineages and identified 51 novel microRNAs in pediatric ALL. Interestingly, the present study also revealed endogenous similarities and differences between blood and bone marrow within each ALL subtype. When Cox regression analysis was carried out with these identified microRNAs, 11 of them exhibited expression levels significantly correlated with survival. Validation of some of the common and relevant microRNAs from both arrays showed that their targets are involved in key oncogenic signaling pathways. Thus, this study suggests that microRNAs have the potential to become important diagnostic tools for identification and monitoring clinical outcomes in ALL patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rekha A Nair
- Department of Pathology and Medical oncology, Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, 695011, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Verma
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Syed Sultan Beevi
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Abdul Rawoof
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - Liza Esther Alexander
- Department of Pathology and Medical oncology, Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, 695011, India
| | - E Ramanjaneya Prasad
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India
| | - P Kusuma Kumari
- Department of Pathology and Medical oncology, Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Medical College Campus, Trivandrum, 695011, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Institute of Bioinformatics, Discoverer Building, International Tech Park Whitefield, Bangalore - 560066, Karnataka, India
| | - Lekha Dinesh Kumar
- Cancer Biology, CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, (CCMB) Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wakabayashi I, Sotoda Y, Eguchi R. Relationships among erythrocyte-derived microRNAs in serum of healthy donors. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 507:7-10. [PMID: 32240657 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been proposed to be biomarkers for various diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Erythrocytes are a major source of miRNAs in blood. However, it remains unknown how miRNA levels in serum are influenced by miRNAs in erythrocytes. In this study, we investigated the relationships among serum levels of miRNAs that are contained in erythrocytes. METHODS Participants were middle-aged healthy Japanese men. Total miRNAs in serum from each participant were analyzed using the 3D-Gene miRNA Oligo chip. Relationships among the levels of eleven miRNAs (miR-103a-3p, -144-3p, -15a-5p, -16--5p, -26a-5p, -423-5p, -451a, -484, -486-5p, -92a-3p, and -93-5p) that have been reported to exist in erythrocytes were investigated by using correlation analysis. RESULTS Among 55 pairs prepared by the above 11 miRNAs, there were significant correlations between miRNA levels of 31 pairs. In principal component analysis, 4 major erythrocyte-derived miRNAs, miR-16-5p, -451a, -486-5p and -92a-3p, were included in the first principal component. There were strong correlations between miR-16-5p and -451a levels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient: 0.920) and between miR-486-5p and -92a-3p levels (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient: 0.863). CONCLUSION There are significant associations among serum levels of erythrocyte-derived miRNAs, and these associations should be taken into account when considering the miRNAs as disease biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Wakabayashi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
| | - Yoko Sotoda
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yamagata Saisei Hospital, Yamagata 990-8545, Japan
| | - Ryoji Eguchi
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Emergence of Circulating MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer as Diagnostic and Therapeutic Efficacy Biomarkers. Mol Diagn Ther 2020; 24:153-173. [DOI: 10.1007/s40291-020-00447-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
11
|
Bai H, Wu S. miR-451: A Novel Biomarker and Potential Therapeutic Target for Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:11069-11082. [PMID: 31908476 PMCID: PMC6924581 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s230963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded small RNAs involved in a variety of cellular processes, including ontogeny, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. They can also function as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. Recent studies have revealed that miRNA-451 (miR-451) is involved in the regulation of various human physiological and pathological processes. Furthermore, it has been shown that miR-451 not only directly affects the biological functions of tumor cells but also indirectly affects tumor cell invasion and metastasis upon secretion into the tumor microenvironment via exosomes. Thus, miR-451 also influences the progression of tumorigenesis and drug resistance. This review summarizes the expression of miR-451 in various cancer types and the relationship between miR-451 and the diagnosis, treatment, and drug resistance of solid tumors. In addition, we address possible mechanisms of action of miR-451 and its potential application as a biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Suhui Wu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanxi Dayi Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu H, Wang Q, Zhong H, Li L, Zhang Q, Huang Q, Yu Z. Differentially expressed microRNAs in exosomes of patients with breast cancer revealed by next‑generation sequencing. Oncol Rep 2019; 43:240-250. [PMID: 31746410 PMCID: PMC6908931 DOI: 10.3892/or.2019.7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in exosomes play crucial roles in the onset, progression and metastasis of cancer by regulating the stability of target mRNAs or by inhibiting translation. In the present study, differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in exosomes of 27 breast cancer patients and 3 healthy controls using RNA sequencing. The differentially expressed microRNAs were selected by bioinformatic analysis. Subjects were followed up for 2 years and exosomal miRNA profiles were compared between patients with and without recurrence of breast cancer. A total of 30 complementary DNA libraries were constructed and sequenced and 1,835 miRNAs were detected. There were no significant differences in the expression of miRNAs between the basal-like, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2+, luminal A, luminal B and healthy control (HC) groups. A total of 54 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients vs. HCs, including 20 upregulated and 34 downregulated miRNAs. The results of the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR were consistent with this. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses indicated that miR-150-5p [area under the curve (AUC)=0.705, upregulated], miR-576-3p (AUC=0.691, upregulated), miR-4665-5p (AUC=0.681, upregulated) were able to distinguish breast cancer patients with recurrence from those without recurrence. In conclusion, the present results indicated differences in miRNA expression profiles between patients with TNBC and healthy controls. Certain exosomal miRNAs were indicated to have promising predictive value as biomarkers for distinguishing breast cancer with recurrence from non-recurrence, which may be utilized for preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heming Wu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| | - Qiuming Wang
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| | - Liang Li
- Center for Cancer Prevention and Treatment, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| | - Qunji Zhang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| | - Qingyan Huang
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| | - Zhikang Yu
- Center for Precision Medicine, Meizhou People's Hospital (Huangtang Hospital), Meizhou Academy of Medical Sciences, Meizhou Hospital Affiliated to Sun Yat‑sen University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514031, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khordadmehr M, Jigari-Asl F, Ezzati H, Shahbazi R, Sadreddini S, Safaei S, Baradaran B. A comprehensive review on miR-451: A promising cancer biomarker with therapeutic potential. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:21716-21731. [PMID: 31140618 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are proposed as a family of short noncoding molecules able to manage and control the expression of the gene targets at the posttranscriptional level. They contribute in several fundamental physiological mechanisms as well as a verity of human and animal diseases such as cancer progression. Among these tiny RNAs, miR-451 placed on chromosome 17 at 17q11.2 presents an essential role in many biological processes in health condition and also in pathogenesis of different diseases. Besides, it has been recently considered as a valuable biomarker for cancer detection, prognosis and treatment. Therefore, this review will provide the critical functions of miR-451 on biological mechanisms including cell cycle and proliferation, cell survival and apoptosis, differentiation and development as well as disease initiation and progression such as tumor formation, migration, invasion, and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Khordadmehr
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farinaz Jigari-Asl
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Ezzati
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roya Shahbazi
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Sadreddini
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sahar Safaei
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Qi Y, Wang X, Kong X, Zhai J, Fang Y, Guan X, Wang J. Expression signatures and roles of microRNAs in inflammatory breast cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:23. [PMID: 30733644 PMCID: PMC6357482 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-018-0709-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an infrequent but aggressive manifestation of breast cancer, which accounts for 2-4% of all breast cancer cases but responsible for 7-10% of breast cancer-related deaths, and with a 20-30% 10-year overall survival compared with 80% for patients with non-IBC with an unordinary phenotype, whose molecular mechanisms are still largely unknown to date. Discovering and identifying novel bio-markers responsible for diagnosis and therapeutic targets is a pressing need. MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that are capable to post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression of genes by targeting mRNAs, exerting vital and tremendous affects in numerous malignancy-related biological processes, including cell apoptosis, metabolism, proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we review present and high-quality evidences regarding the potential applications of inflammatory breast cancer associated microRNAs for diagnosis and prognosis of this lethal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yihang Qi
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902 USA
| | - Xiangyi Kong
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Jie Zhai
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029 China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Breast Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021 China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mejri N, Benna HE, M'ghirbi F, Labidi S, Daoud N, Boussen H. Biological features of inflammatory breast cancer in North Africa: burden and research priorities. BREAST CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.2217/bmt-2018-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to review all published literature reporting biological data about inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) in populations from North Africa. Methods: We reviewed all studies that evaluated biological features of IBC in six North African countries between 1990 and 2017. Among 118 screened studies, 13 were included, none about Mauritania/Libya. Results: Across the studies, hormonal receptors were positive in 46–69% of cases, reaching 83% in Algeria. HER2 was overexpressed in 25–39% of cases. Recombinant human C protein expression was the highest in Egyptian patients (87%) compared with other North African populations. Using mRNA expression recombinant human C protein was expressed in 83% of Tunisian patients. WISP3 gene expression showed positive immunohistochemistry staining in 17% and mRNA expression in 26.8% of IBC. Conclusion: Biological aspects of IBC across North Africa show important similarities and differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine Mejri
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda El Benna
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fehmi M'ghirbi
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Soumaya Labidi
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nouha Daoud
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Hamouda Boussen
- Medical Oncology Department, Abderrahman Mami Hospital, University of Medicine, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dooley J, Lagou V, Pasciuto E, Linterman MA, Prosser HM, Himmelreich U, Liston A. No Functional Role for microRNA-342 in a Mouse Model of Pancreatic Acinar Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2017; 7:101. [PMID: 28573106 PMCID: PMC5435746 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2017.00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The intronic microRNA (miR)-342 has been proposed as a potent tumor-suppressor gene. miR-342 is found to be downregulated or epigenetically silenced in multiple different tumor sites, and this loss of expression permits the upregulation of several key oncogenic pathways. In several different cell lines, lower miR-342 expression results in enhanced proliferation and metastasis potential, both in vitro and in xenogenic transplant conditions. Here, we sought to determine the function of miR-342 in an in vivo spontaneous cancer model, using the Ela1-TAg transgenic model of pancreatic acinar carcinoma. Through longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging monitoring of Ela1-TAg transgenic mice, either wild-type or knockout for miR-342, we found no role for miR-342 in the development, growth rate, or pathogenicity of pancreatic acinar carcinoma. These results indicate the importance of assessing miR function in the complex physiology of in vivo model systems and indicate that further functional testing of miR-342 is required before concluding it is a bona fide tumor-suppressor-miR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James Dooley
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vasiliki Lagou
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emanuela Pasciuto
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Michelle A Linterman
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Haydn M Prosser
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Uwe Himmelreich
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Adrian Liston
- Translational Immunology Laboratory, VIB, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hamdi K, Blancato J, Goerlitz D, Islam MD, Neili B, Abidi A, Gat A, Ayed FB, Chivi S, Loffredo CA, Jillson I, Elgaaied AB, Marrakchi R. Circulating Cell-free miRNA Expression and its Association with Clinicopathologic Features in Inflammatory and Non-Inflammatory Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:1801-10. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.4.1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
|
18
|
VanKlompenberg MK, Bedalov CO, Soto KF, Prosperi JR. APC selectively mediates response to chemotherapeutic agents in breast cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:457. [PMID: 26049416 PMCID: PMC4458029 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1456-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Adenomatous Polyposis Coli (APC) tumor suppressor is mutated or hypermethylated in up to 70 % of sporadic breast cancers depending on subtype; however, the effects of APC mutation on tumorigenic properties remain unexplored. Using the ApcMin/+ mouse crossed to the Polyoma middle T antigen (PyMT) transgenic model, we identified enhanced breast tumorigenesis and alterations in genes critical in therapeutic resistance independent of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Apc mutation changed the tumor histopathology from solid to squamous adenocarcinomas, resembling the highly aggressive human metaplastic breast cancer. Mechanistic studies in tumor-derived cell lines demonstrated that focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/Src/JNK signaling regulated the enhanced proliferation downstream of Apc mutation. Despite this mechanistic information, the role of APC in mediating breast cancer chemotherapeutic resistance is currently unknown. Methods We have examined the effect of Apc loss in MMTV-PyMT mouse breast cancer cells on gene expression changes of ATP-binding cassette transporters and immunofluorescence to determine proliferative and apoptotic response of cells to cisplatin, doxorubicin and paclitaxel. Furthermore we determined the added effect of Src or JNK inhibition by PP2 and SP600125, respectively, on chemotherapeutic response. We also used the Aldefluor assay to measure the population of tumor initiating cells. Lastly, we measured the apoptotic and proliferative response to APC knockdown in MDA-MB-157 human breast cancer cells after chemotherapeutic treatment. Results Cells obtained from MMTV-PyMT;ApcMin/+ tumors express increased MDR1 (multidrug resistance protein 1), which is augmented by treatment with paclitaxel or doxorubicin. Furthermore MMTV-PyMT;ApcMin/+ cells are more resistant to cisplatin and doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, and show a larger population of ALDH positive cells. In the human metaplastic breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-157, APC knockdown led to paclitaxel and cisplatin resistance. Conclusions APC loss-of-function significantly increases resistance to cisplatin-mediated apoptosis in both MDA-MB-157 and the PyMT derived cells. We also demonstrated that cisplatin in combination with PP2 or SP600125 could be clinically beneficial, as inhibition of Src or JNK in an APC-mutant breast cancer patient may alleviate the resistance induced by mutant APC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1456-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica K VanKlompenberg
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, A134 Harper Hall, 1234 Notre Dame Ave., South Bend, IN, 46617, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA
| | - Claire O Bedalov
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, A134 Harper Hall, 1234 Notre Dame Ave., South Bend, IN, 46617, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Katia Fernandez Soto
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, A134 Harper Hall, 1234 Notre Dame Ave., South Bend, IN, 46617, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Jenifer R Prosperi
- Harper Cancer Research Institute, A134 Harper Hall, 1234 Notre Dame Ave., South Bend, IN, 46617, USA. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine - South Bend, South Bend, IN, USA. .,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|