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Inhibition of Cellular and Animal Inflammatory Disease Models by NF-κB Inhibitor DHMEQ. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092271. [PMID: 34571920 PMCID: PMC8466912 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
General inflammatory diseases include skin inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, sepsis, arteriosclerosis, and asthma. Although these diseases have been extensively studied, most of them are still difficult to treat. Meanwhile, NF-κB is a transcription factor promoting the expression of many inflammatory mediators. NF-κB is likely to be involved in the mechanism of most inflammatory diseases. We discovered a specific NF-κB inhibitor, dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), about 20 years ago by molecular design from a natural product. It directly binds to and inactivates NF-κB components. It has been widely used to suppress cellular and animal inflammatory disease models and was shown to be potent in vivo anti-inflammatory activity without any toxicity. We have prepared ointment of DHMEQ for the treatment of severe skin inflammation. It inhibited inflammatory cytokine expressions and lowered the clinical score in mouse models of atopic dermatitis. Intraperitoneal (IP) administration of DHMEQ ameliorated various disease models of inflammation, such as rheumatoid arthritis, sepsis, and also graft rejection. It has been suggested that inflammatory cells in the peritoneal cavity would be important for most peripheral inflammation. In the present review, we describe the synthesis, mechanism of action, and cellular and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities and discuss the clinical use of DHMEQ for inflammatory diseases.
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Yu B, Bai J, Shi J, Shen J, Guo X, Liu Y, Ge G, Lin J, Tao Y, Yang H, Xu Y, Qu Q, Geng D. MiR-106b inhibition suppresses inflammatory bone destruction of wear debris-induced periprosthetic osteolysis in rats. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:7490-7503. [PMID: 32485091 PMCID: PMC7339204 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aseptic loosening caused by periprosthetic osteolysis (PPO) is the main reason for the primary artificial joint replacement. Inhibition of inflammatory osteolysis has become the main target of drug therapy for prosthesis loosening. MiR‐106b is a newly discovered miRNA that plays an important role in tumour biology, inflammation and the regulation of bone mass. In this study, we analysed the in vivo effect of miR‐106b on wear debris‐induced PPO. A rat implant loosening model was established. The rats were then administrated a lentivirus‐mediated miR‐106b inhibitor, miR‐106b mimics or an equivalent volume of PBS by tail vein injection. The expression levels of miR‐106b were analysed by real‐time PCR. Morphological changes in the distal femurs were assessed via micro‐CT and histopathological analysis, and cytokine expression levels were examined via immunohistochemical staining and ELISA. The results showed that treatment with the miR‐106b inhibitor markedly suppressed the expression of miR‐106b in distal femur and alleviated titanium particle‐induced osteolysis and bone loss. Moreover, the miR‐106b inhibitor decreased TRAP‐positive cell numbers and suppressed osteoclast formation, in addition to promoting the activity of osteoblasts and increasing bone formation. MiR‐106b inhibition also significantly regulated macrophage polarization and decreased the inflammatory response as compared to the control group. Furthermore, miR‐106b inhibition blocked the activation of the PTEN/PI3K/AKT and NF‐κB signalling pathways. Our findings indicated that miR‐106b inhibition suppresses wear particles‐induced osteolysis and bone destruction and thus may serve as a potential therapy for PPO and aseptic loosening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqing Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jining Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaobin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Gaoran Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yunxia Tao
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qiuxia Qu
- Jiangsu Institute of Clinical Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Lu SH, Hsia YJ, Shih KC, Chou TC. Fucoidan Prevents RANKL-Stimulated Osteoclastogenesis and LPS-Induced Inflammatory Bone Loss via Regulation of Akt/GSK3β/PTEN/NFATc1 Signaling Pathway and Calcineurin Activity. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E345. [PMID: 31185702 PMCID: PMC6627629 DOI: 10.3390/md17060345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive osteoclast differentiation and/or function plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of bone diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we examined whether fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide present in brown algae, attenuates receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated osteoclastogenesis in vitro and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone resorption in vivo, and investigated the molecular mechanisms involved. Our results indicated that fucoidan significantly inhibited osteoclast differentiation in RANKL-stimulated macrophages and the bone resorbing activity of osteoclasts. The effects of fucoidan may be mediated by regulation of Akt/GSK3β/PTEN signaling and suppression of the increase in intracellular Ca2+ level and calcineurin activity, thereby inhibiting the translocation of nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) into the nucleus. However, fucoidan-mediated NFATc1 inactivation was greatly reversed by kenpaullone, a GSK3β inhibitor. In addition, using microcomputer tomography (micro-CT) scanning and bone histomorphometry, we found that fucoidan treatment markedly prevented LPS-induced bone erosion in mice. Collectively, we demonstrated that fucoidan was capable of inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and inflammatory bone loss, which may be modulated by regulation of Akt/GSK3β/PTEN/NFATc1 and Ca2+/calcineurin signaling cascades. These findings suggest that fucoidan may be a potential agent for the treatment of osteoclast-related bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hua Lu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Jan Hsia
- Dental Department and Devision of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan.
| | - Kuang-Chung Shih
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Cheng-Hsin General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Tz-Chong Chou
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan.
- China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 400, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan.
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Chen S, Chu B, Chen Y, Cheng X, Guo D, Chen L, Wang J, Li Z, Hong Z, Hong D. Neferine suppresses osteoclast differentiation through suppressing NF‐κB signal pathway but not MAPKs and promote osteogenesis. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:22960-22971. [PMID: 31127627 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shenao Chen
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Bingxiang Chu
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xun Cheng
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Di Guo
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Lihua Chen
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Jiacheng Wang
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhiyan Li
- Enze Medical Research Center, Taizhou Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Zhenghua Hong
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Dun Hong
- Orthopedic Department, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
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Guo X, Liu Y, Bai J, Yu B, Xu M, Sun H, Shen J, Lin J, Zhang H, Wang D, Geng D, Pan G. Efficient Inhibition of Wear-Debris-Induced Osteolysis by Surface Biomimetic Engineering of Titanium Implant with a Mussel-Derived Integrin-Targeting Peptide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 3:e1800253. [PMID: 32627373 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201800253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobin Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Jiaxiang Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Binqing Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Menglei Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics; Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215008 China
| | - Houyi Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Jining Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Jiayi Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212001 China
| | - Dongqing Wang
- Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212001 China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopaedics; The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Suzhou Jiangsu 215006 China
| | - Guoqing Pan
- Department of Radiology; Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212001 China
- Institute for Advanced Materials; School of Materials Science and Engineering; Jiangsu University; Zhenjiang Jiangsu 212013 China
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Lin YY, Jean YH, Lee HP, Lin SC, Pan CY, Chen WF, Wu SF, Su JH, Tsui KH, Sheu JH, Sung PJ, Wen ZH. Excavatolide B Attenuates Rheumatoid Arthritis through the Inhibition of Osteoclastogenesis. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:md15010009. [PMID: 28067799 PMCID: PMC5295229 DOI: 10.3390/md15010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 12/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoclasts are multinucleated giant cells of macrophage/monocyte lineage, and cell differentiation with the upregulation of osteoclast-related proteins is believed to play a major role in the destruction of the joints in the course of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), can be overexpressed in RA and lead to osteoclastogenesis. In a previous study, we found that cultured-type soft coral-derived excavatolide B (Exc-B) exhibited anti-inflammatory properties. In the present study, we thus aimed to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of Exc-B in in vitro and in vivo models. The results demonstrated that Exc-B inhibits LPS-induced multinucleated cell and actin ring formation, as well as TRAP, MMP-9, and cathepsin K expression. Additionally, Exc-B significantly attenuated the characteristics of RA in adjuvant (AIA) and type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Moreover, Exc-B improved histopathological features, and reduced the number of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells in the in vivo AIA and CIA models. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that Exc-B attenuated the protein expression of cathepsin K, MMP-2, MMP-9, CD11b, and NFATc1 in ankle tissues of AIA and CIA rats. Level of interleukin-17A and macrophage colony-stimulating factor were also decreased by Exc-B. These findings strongly suggest that Exc-B could be of potential use as a therapeutic agent by inhibiting osteoclast differentiation in arthritis. Moreover, this study also illustrates the use of the anti-inflammatory marine compound, Exc-B, as a potential therapeutic strategy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-You Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No.70, Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hsuan Jean
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ping-Tung Christian Hospital, No.60, Dalian Road, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Pai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ping-Tung Christian Hospital, No.60, Dalian Road, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
| | - Sung-Chun Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ping-Tung Christian Hospital, No.60, Dalian Road, Pingtung 90059, Taiwan.
| | - Chieh-Yu Pan
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung Marine University, No.142, Haizhuan Road, Nanzi District, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Fu Chen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No.70, Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, No.123, Dapi Road, Niaosong District, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan.
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No.123, Xiafei Road, Haicang District, Xiamen 361000, China.
| | - Shu-Fen Wu
- Department of Life Science, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung-Cheng University, No.168, Sec. 1, University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chia-yi 62102, Taiwan.
| | - Jui-Hsin Su
- Taiwan Coral Research Center, National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, No.2 Houwan Road, Checheng, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, No.2 Houwan Road, Checheng, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Kuan-Hao Tsui
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No.386, Dazhong 1st Road, Zuoying District, Kaohsiung 81362, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, No.155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Pharmacy and Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tajen University, No.20, Weixin Road, Yanpu, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan.
| | - Jyh-Horng Sheu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No.70, Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, No.70, Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
| | - Ping-Jyun Sung
- Taiwan Coral Research Center, National Museum of Marine Biology & Aquarium, No.2 Houwan Road, Checheng, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Marine Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, No.2 Houwan Road, Checheng, Pingtung 94450, Taiwan.
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-sen University, No.70, Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
- Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology, National Sun Yat-sen University and Academia Sinica, No.70, Lianhai Road, Gushan District, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
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Park MJ, Lee SH, Lee SH, Kim EK, Lee EJ, Moon YM, La Cho M. GRIM19 ameliorates acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) by modulating Th17 and Treg cell balance through down-regulation of STAT3 and NF-AT activation. J Transl Med 2016; 14:206. [PMID: 27391226 PMCID: PMC4938933 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0963-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T helper (Th) 17 cells are a subset of T helper cells that express interleukin (IL)-17 and initiate the inflammatory response in autoimmune diseases. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a subpopulation of T cells that produce forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) and inhibit the immune response. Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is a complication of allogeneic tissue transplantation, and Th17 cells and their proinflammatory activity play a central role in the pathogenesis of GVHD. Gene associated with retinoid-interferon-induced mortality (GRIM) 19, originally identified as a nuclear protein, is expressed ubiquitously in various human tissues and regulate signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 activity. METHODS Splenoytes and bone marrow cells were transplanted into mice with GVHD. The alloresponse of T cells and GVHD clinical score was measured. Realtime-polymerase chain reaction (realtime-PCR) was used to examine mRNA level. Flow cytometry and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to evaluate protein expression. RESULTS A GRIM19 transgenic cell transplant inhibited Th17 cell differentiation, alloreactive T cell responses, and STAT3 expression in mice with GVHD. On the other hand, the differentiation of Tregs and STAT5 production were enhanced by GRIM19. Overall, the severity of GVHD was decreased in mice that had received GRIM19 transgenic bone marrow and spleen transplants. Transplantation from GRIM19-overexpressing cells downregulated the expression of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1) but promoted the expression of regulator of calcineurin (RCAN)3 while downregulating NFAT-dependent cytokine gene expression. This complex mechanism underlies the therapeutic effect of GRIM19. CONCLUSIONS We observed that GRIM19 can reduce Th17 cell differentiation and alloreactive T cell responses in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, GRIM19 suppressed the severity of GVHD by modulating STAT3 activity and controlling Th17 and Treg cell differentiation. These results suggest that GRIM19 attenuates acute GVHD through the inhibition of the excessive inflammatory response mediated by T cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jung Park
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Hee Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Young-Mee Moon
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Mi- La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Divison of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-040, South Korea. .,Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, Korea.
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Ukaji T, Umezawa K. Novel approaches to target NF-κB and other signaling pathways in cancer stem cells. Adv Biol Regul 2014; 56:108-115. [PMID: 25128192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2014.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Recently cancer tissue is considered to consist of large number of balk cancer cells and a small number of cancer stem cells. After surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy, most cancer cells are removed, but if there are still very small number of cancer stem cells left. They may form the similar tumor again. So removal of cancer stem cells is considered to be important for future cancer therapy. In one hand, NF-κB is the transcription factor that promotes expressions of various inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis inhibitory proteins. Cancer cells often possess constitutively activated NF-κB that often provides excess survival and therapeutic resistance in cancer cells. We have discovered DHMEQ as a specific inhibitor of NF-κB. This compound was found to be more active in cancer stem cells than in balk cancer cells. In breast cancer cells both PI3K-Akt and NF-κB pathways appear in the survival of cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamami Ukaji
- Department of Molecular Target Medicine Screening, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kazuo Umezawa
- Department of Molecular Target Medicine Screening, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan.
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Amelioration of severe TNBS induced colitis by novel AP-1 and NF- κ B inhibitors in rats. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:813804. [PMID: 24616647 PMCID: PMC3925602 DOI: 10.1155/2014/813804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AP-1 and NF-κB inhibitors, namely, DTCM-G and DHMEQ, were investigated in male Wistar rats with severe colitis, induced by TNBS. The animals were randomized into 3 groups. The control group received 0.5 mL of 0.5% of the vehicle i.p., the DTCM-G group received 22.5 mg/kg body weight DTCM-G in 0.5% i.p., and the DHMEQ group received 15 mg/kg body weight DHMEQ i.p., all twice daily for 5 days. The body weight losses and mortality rates were significantly higher in the control group than those in DTCM-G-treated and DHMEQ-treated groups. The endoscopic inflammation scores in the control, DTCM-G-treated, and DHMEQ-treated groups were 6.3 ± 0.7, 1.0 ± 0.3, and 0.7 ± 0.3, respectively (P = 0.004 and 0.02, resp.). The inflammation scores as assessed by the macroscopic appearance were 4.3 ± 0.8, 0.7 ± 0.3, and 1.2 ± 0.4 in the control, DTCM-G-treated, and DHMEQ-treated groups, respectively (P = 0.01 and 0.009, resp.). The histopathological inflammation scores were 6.4 ± 0.7, 2.0 ± 1.0, and 2.2 ± 0.6 in the control, DTCM-G-treated, and DHMEQ-treated groups, respectively (P = 0.03 and 0.01, resp.). It was concluded that DTCM-G and DHMEQ exhibit strong anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities with no apparent toxicity, which make them excellent drug candidates for clinical use in inflammatory bowel diseases.
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Shimogaki S, Ito S, Komatsu S, Koike R, Miyasaka N, Umezawa K, Kubota T. Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway as a candidate therapeutic strategy for cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome. Mod Rheumatol 2013; 24:517-24. [PMID: 24252030 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2013.844298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is caused by unrestricted IL-1β release due to mutation of the gene coding NLRP3. This study aimed to clarify whether NLRP3-related IL-1β release is dependent on the NF-κB pathway. METHODS Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy subjects or patients with Muckle-Wells syndrome were primed with LPS and subsequently stimulated by ATP. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured with the supernatant obtained from LPS-plus ATP-stimulated PBMCs. Expression of proinflammatory molecules was estimated using RT-PCR, ELISA or immunochemical staining, in the presence or absence of an NF-κB inhibitor (-)-dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ). RESULTS DHMEQ inhibited expression of proIL-1β and NLRP3 by normal PBMCs primed with LPS, resulting in inhibition of caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion by the cells after subsequent stimulation with ATP. DHMEQ also inhibited expression of IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6 and VCAM-1 by HUVECs. Patient cells released IL-1β spontaneously or by ATP-stimulation even without LPS-priming. Both the spontaneous and stimulated IL-1β releases were inhibited by DHMEQ without affecting viability of the cells. CONCLUSIONS These results clearly indicate that IL-1β production through the NLRP3 inflammasome is dependent on the NF-κB pathway, which could be a good target for the development of a novel therapeutic strategy for CAPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoka Shimogaki
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Health Care Sciences , Tokyo , Japan
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12
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Abstract
The transcription factor NF-κB is a family of proteins involved in signaling pathways essential for normal cellular functions and development. Deletion of various components of this pathway resulted with abnormal skeletal development. Research in the last decade has established that NF-κB signaling mediates RANK ligand-induced osteoclastogenesis. Consistently, it was shown that inhibition of NF-κB was an effective approach to inhibit osteoclast formation and bone resorptive activity. Identification of the molecular machinery underlying NF-κB activation permitted osteoclast-specific deletion of the major components of this pathway. As a result, it was clear that deletion of members of the proximal IKK kinase complex and the distal NF-κB subunits and downstream regulators affected skeletal development. These studies provided several targets of therapeutic intervention in osteolytic diseases. NF-κB activity has been also described as the centerpiece of inflammatory responses and is considered a potent mediator of inflammatory osteolysis. Indeed, inflammatory insults exacerbate physiologic RANKL-induced NF-κB signals leading to exaggerated responses and to inflammatory osteolysis. These superimposed NF-κB activities appear to underlie several bone pathologies. This review will describe the individual roles of NF-κB molecules in bone resorption and inflammatory osteolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Abu-Amer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660S. Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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Nakajima S, Kato H, Gu L, Takahashi S, Johno H, Umezawa K, Kitamura M. Pleiotropic Potential of Dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin for NF-κB Suppression via Reactive Oxygen Species and Unfolded Protein Response. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 190:6559-69. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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The NF-κB specific inhibitor DHMEQ prevents thrombus formation in a mouse model of antiphospholipid syndrome. J Nephropathol 2013. [DOI: 10.5812/nephropathol.10112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
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15
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Nishimura M, Nii T, Trimova G, Miura S, Umezawa K, Ushiyama A, Kubota T. The NF-κB specific inhibitor DHMEQ prevents thrombus formation in a mouse model of antiphospholipid syndrome. J Nephropathol 2013; 2:114-21. [PMID: 24475437 DOI: 10.12860/jnp.2013.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND β2-glycoprotein I (β2GPI)-dependent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are considered to play a pivotal pathogenic role in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) by inducing the expression of tissue factor, inflammatory cytokines, and chemokines, most of which are dependent upon the NF-κB pathway. Therefore, the NF-κB is regarded as a promising target for the development of a novel therapeutic strategy. However, progress has been limited owing to the fact that there are no widely-used in vivo models, or highly specific inhibitors. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to test the effects of an NF-κB-specific inhibitor, DHMEQ, in preventing thrombus formation using an original mouse model of APS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Specificity of a monoclonal aPL WB-6 was examined by ELISA. WB-6 was injected into normal BALB/c mice with or without DHMEQ treatment. A pulse laser was radiated to a cutaneous vein in the window of a dorsal skinfold chamber attached to the mouse and thrombus formation was observed and recorded under a microscope. RESULTS WB-6 bound preferentially to the caldiolipin (CL)-β2GPI complex rather than to CL alone, or β2GPI alone. WB-6, but not isotype-matched control antibody, induced a prothrombotic state in the mice by inducing tissue factor expression upon circulating monocytes, resulting in thrombus formation at the site of laser-induced endothelial injury. This diathesis was almost completely ameliorated by DHMEQ treatment. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of the NF-κB pathway is a promising strategy for the development of a novel treatment for APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Nishimura
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tokiko Nii
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gulzhan Trimova
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Miura
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Umezawa
- Department of Molecular Target Medicine Screening, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akira Ushiyama
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kubota
- Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School of Health Care Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
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16
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Direct Rel/NF-κB inhibitors: structural basis for mechanism of action. Future Med Chem 2011; 1:1683-707. [PMID: 21425986 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.09.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rel/NF-κB transcription factors have emerged as novel therapeutic targets for a variety of human diseases and pathological conditions, including inflammation, autoimmune diseases, cancer, ischemic injury, osteoporosis, transplant rejection and neurodegeneration. Several US FDA-approved drugs may, in part, attribute their therapeutic effects to the inhibition of the Rel/NF-κB pathway. Strategies for blocking the Rel/NF-κB signaling pathway have inspired the pharmaceutical industry to develop inhibitors for I-κB kinase, however, this article focuses instead on identifying natural compounds that directly target and inhibit DNA binding and transcription activity of Rel/NF-κB. These include compounds containing a quinone core, an α,β unsaturated carbonyl and a benzene diamine. By investigating the mechanisms of action of existing natural inhibitors, novel strategies and synthetic approaches can be devised that will facilitate the development of novel and selective Rel/NF-κB inhibitors with better safety profiles.
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Umezawa K. Possible role of peritoneal NF-κB in peripheral inflammation and cancer: Lessons from the inhibitor DHMEQ. Biomed Pharmacother 2011; 65:252-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/08/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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18
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Zhang P, Liu J, Xu Q, Harber G, Feng X, Michalek SM, Katz J. TLR2-dependent modulation of osteoclastogenesis by Porphyromonas gingivalis through differential induction of NFATc1 and NF-kappaB. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:24159-69. [PMID: 21566133 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.198085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteolytic diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, osteomyelitis, and periodontitis, are usually associated with bacterial infections. However, the precise mechanisms by which bacteria induce bone loss still remain unclear. Evidence exists that Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling regulates both inflammation and bone metabolism and that the receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and its receptor RANK are the key regulators for bone remodeling and for the activation of osteoclasts. Here, we investigate the direct effects of the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis on osteoclast differentiation and show that P. gingivalis differentially modulates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation contingent on the state of differentiation of osteoclast precursors. In addition, although an optimal induction of cytokines by P. gingivalis is dependent on TLR2 and TLR4, as well as myeloid differentiation factor 88 and Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β, P. gingivalis utilizes TLR2/ myeloid differentiation factor 88 in modulating osteoclast differentiation. P. gingivalis modulates RANKL-induced osteoclast formation by differential induction of NFATc1 and c-Fos. More importantly, RANKL-mediated lineage commitment also has an impact on P. gingivalis-induced cytokine production. RANKL inhibits P. gingivalis-induced cytokine production by down-regulation of TLR/NF-κB and up-regulation of NFATc1. Our findings reveal novel aspects of the interactions between TLR and RANK signaling and provide a new model for understanding the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of bacteria-mediated bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, USA.
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19
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Jorgensen C, Apparailly F. Prospects for gene therapy in inflammatory arthritis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2010; 24:541-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Kubota T, Fukuya Y, Hashimoto R, Kanda T, Suzuki H, Okamura Y, Nanki T, Miyasaka N, Umezawa K. Possible Involvement of Chemokine-induced Platelet Activation in Thrombophilic Diathesis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1173:137-45. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04648.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Sarkar FH, Li Y, Wang Z, Kong D. NF-kappaB signaling pathway and its therapeutic implications in human diseases. Int Rev Immunol 2009; 27:293-319. [PMID: 18853341 DOI: 10.1080/08830180802276179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway is one of the most important cellular signal transduction pathways involved in both physiologic processes and disease conditions. It plays important roles in the control of immune function, inflammation, stress response, differentiation, apoptosis, and cell survival. Moreover, NF-kappaB is critically involved in the processes of development and progression of cancers. More importantly, recent studies have shown that NF-kappaB signaling also plays critical roles in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cancer stem cells. Therefore, targeting of NF-kappaB signaling pathway could be a potent strategy for the prevention and/or treatment of human cancers and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazlul H Sarkar
- Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
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Roman-Blas JA, Jimenez SA. Targeting NF-kappaB: a promising molecular therapy in inflammatory arthritis. Int Rev Immunol 2009; 27:351-74. [PMID: 18853343 DOI: 10.1080/08830180802295740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-kappa B family of transcription factors is intimately involved in the regulation of the inflammatory responses that play a fundamental role in the damage of articular tissues. Thus, many studies have examined the important contributions of components of the NF-kappaB signaling pathways to the pathogenesis of various rheumatic diseases and their pharmacologic modulation. Currently available therapeutic agents including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroids, nutraceuticals, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, as well as novel specific small-molecule inhibitors have been employed. In addition, promising nucleic acid-based strategies have shown encouraging results. However, further research will be needed before NF-kappaB-aimed strategies become an effective therapy for inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Roman-Blas
- Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson Institute of Molecular Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
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Yamamoto M, Horie R, Takeiri M, Kozawa I, Umezawa K. Inactivation of NF-kappaB components by covalent binding of (-)-dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin to specific cysteine residues. J Med Chem 2008; 51:5780-8. [PMID: 18729348 DOI: 10.1021/jm8006245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we designed and synthesized a potent NF-kappaB inhibitor, DHMEQ. Although DHMEQ showed potent anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities in animals, its molecular target has not been elucidated. In the present study, its target protein was found to be p65 and other Rel homology proteins. We found that (-)-DHMEQ bound to p65 covalently with a 1:1 stoichiometry by conducting SPR and MALDI-TOF MS analyses. MS analysis of the chymotrypsin-digested peptide suggested the binding of (-)-DHMEQ to a Cys residue. Formation of Cys/(-)-DHMEQ adduct in the protein was supported by chemical synthesis of the adduct. Substitution of specific Cys in p65 and other Rel homology proteins resulted in the loss of (-)-DHMEQ binding. (-)-DHMEQ is the first NF-kappaB inhibitor that was proven to bind to the specific Cys by chemical methodology. These findings may explain the highly selective inhibition of NF-kappaB and the low toxic effect of (-)-DHMEQ in cells and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Yamamoto
- Center for Chemical Biology, School of Fundamental Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama 223-0061, Japan
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