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Chaubal R, Gardi N, Joshi S, Pantvaidya G, Kadam R, Vanmali V, Hawaldar R, Talker E, Chitra J, Gera P, Bhatia D, Kalkar P, Gurav M, Shetty O, Desai S, Krishnan NM, Nair N, Parmar V, Dutt A, Panda B, Gupta S, Badwe R. Surgical Tumor Resection Deregulates Hallmarks of Cancer in Resected Tissue and the Surrounding Microenvironment. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:572-584. [PMID: 38394149 PMCID: PMC11148542 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Surgery exposes tumor tissue to severe hypoxia and mechanical stress leading to rapid gene expression changes in the tumor and its microenvironment, which remain poorly characterized. We biopsied tumor and adjacent normal tissues from patients with breast (n = 81) and head/neck squamous cancers (HNSC; n = 10) at the beginning (A), during (B), and end of surgery (C). Tumor/normal RNA from 46/81 patients with breast cancer was subjected to mRNA-Seq using Illumina short-read technology, and from nine patients with HNSC to whole-transcriptome microarray with Illumina BeadArray. Pathways and genes involved in 7 of 10 known cancer hallmarks, namely, tumor-promoting inflammation (TNF-A, NFK-B, IL18 pathways), activation of invasion and migration (various extracellular matrix-related pathways, cell migration), sustained proliferative signaling (K-Ras Signaling), evasion of growth suppressors (P53 signaling, regulation of cell death), deregulating cellular energetics (response to lipid, secreted factors, and adipogenesis), inducing angiogenesis (hypoxia signaling, myogenesis), and avoiding immune destruction (CTLA4 and PDL1) were significantly deregulated during surgical resection (time points A vs. B vs. C). These findings were validated using NanoString assays in independent pre/intra/post-operative breast cancer samples from 48 patients. In a comparison of gene expression data from biopsy (analogous to time point A) with surgical resection samples (analogous to time point C) from The Cancer Genome Atlas study, the top deregulated genes were the same as identified in our analysis, in five of the seven studied cancer types. This study suggests that surgical extirpation deregulates the hallmarks of cancer in primary tumors and adjacent normal tissue across different cancers. IMPLICATIONS Surgery deregulates hallmarks of cancer in human tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Chaubal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilesh Gardi
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Shalaka Joshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gouri Pantvaidya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rasika Kadam
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Vaibhav Vanmali
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Clinical Research Secretariat, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rohini Hawaldar
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Clinical Research Secretariat, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Elizabeth Talker
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Jaya Chitra
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Poonam Gera
- Biorepository, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dimple Bhatia
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prajakta Kalkar
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mamta Gurav
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Omshree Shetty
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sangeeta Desai
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Nita Nair
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vani Parmar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- 3D Printing Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Dutt
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Integrated Cancer Genomics Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Binay Panda
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudeep Gupta
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajendra Badwe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
- Hypoxia and Clinical Genomics Lab (Clinician Scientist Laboratory), Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research, and Education in Cancer, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nayan SI, Rahman MH, Hasan MM, Raj SMRH, Almoyad MAA, Liò P, Moni MA. Network based approach to identify interactions between Type 2 diabetes and cancer comorbidities. Life Sci 2023; 335:122244. [PMID: 37949208 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
High blood sugar and insulin insensitivity causes the lifelong chronic metabolic disease called Type 2 diabetes (T2D) which has a higher chance of developing different malignancies. T2D with comorbidities like Cancers can make normal medications for those disorders more difficult. There may be a significant correlation between comorbidities and have an impact on one another's health. These associations may be due to a number of direct and indirect mechanisms. Such molecular mechanisms that underpin T2D and cancer are yet unknown. However, the large volumes of data available on these diseases allowed us to use analytical tools for uncovering their interrelated pathways. Here, we tried to present a system for investigating potential comorbidity relationships between T2D and Cancer disease by looking at the molecular processes involved, analyzing a huge number of freely accessible transcriptomic datasets of various disorders using bioinformatics. Using semantic similarity and gene set enrichment analysis, we created an informatics pipeline that evaluates and integrates Gene Ontology (GO), expression of genes, and biological process data. We discovered genes that are common in T2D and Cancer along with molecular pathways and GOs. We compared the top 200 Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) from each selected T2D and cancer dataset and found the most significant common genes. Among all the common genes 13 genes were found most frequent. We also found 4 common GO terms: GO:0000003, GO:0000122, GO:0000165, and GO:0000278 among all the common GO terms between T2d and different cancers. Using these genes and GO term semantic similarity, we calculated the distance between these two diseases. The semantic similarity results of our study showed a higher association of Liver Cancer (LiC), Breast Cancer (BreC), Colorectal Cancer (CC), and Bladder Cancer (BlaC) with T2D. Furthermore we found KIF4A, NUSAP1, CENPF, CCNB1, TOP2A, CCNB2, RRM2, HMMR, NDC80, NCAPG, and IGFBP5 common hub proteins among different cancers correlated to T2D. AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, Osteoclast differentiation, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, Human T-cell leukemia virus 1 infection, and Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are the 8 most significant pathways found among 18 common pathways between T2D and selected cancers. As a result of our technique, we now know more about disease pathways that are critical between T2D and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saidul Islam Nayan
- Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Global Village, Barisal 8200, Bangladesh
| | - Md Habibur Rahman
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh; Center for Advanced Bioinformatics and Artificial Intelligence Research, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mehedi Hasan
- Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering, University of Global Village, Barisal 8200, Bangladesh
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Abdullah Almoyad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Khamis Mushyt, King Khalid University, 47 Abha, Mushait, PO Box. 4536, 61412, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pietro Liò
- Computer Laboratory, The University of Cambridge, 15 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FD, UK
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Artificial Intelligence and Cyber Futures Institute, Charles Stuart University, Bathurst, NSW, 2795, Australia.
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Meng X, Wang L, He M, Yang Z, Jiao Y, Hu Y, Wang K. Cysteine conjugate beta-lyase 2 (CCBL2) expression as a prognostic marker of survival in breast cancer patients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269998. [PMID: 35771747 PMCID: PMC9246202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Cysteine conjugate beta-lyase 2 (CCBL2), also known as kynurenine aminotransferase 3 (KAT3) or glutamine transaminase L (GTL), plays an essential role in transamination and cytochrome P450. Its correlation with some other cancers has been explored, but breast cancer (BC) not yet. Methods The mRNA and protein expression of CCBL2 in BC cell lines and patient samples were detected by RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). BC patients’ clinical information and RNA-Seq expression were acquired via The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Patients were categorized into high/low CCBL2 expression groups based on the optimal cutoff value (8.973) determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. We investigated CCBL2 and clinicopathological characteristics’ relationship using Chi-square tests, estimated diagnostic capacity using ROC curves and drew survival curves using Kaplan–Meier estimate. We compared survival differences using Cox regression and externally validated using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We evaluated enriched signaling pathways using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), explored CCBL2 and relevant genes’ relationship using tumor immunoassay resource (TIMER) databases and used the human protein atlas (HPA) for pan-cancer analysis and IHC. Results CCBL2 was overexpressed in normal human cell lines and tissues. CCBL2 expression was lower in BC tissues (n = 1104) than in normal tissues (n = 114), validated by GEO database. Several clinicopathologic features were related to CCBL2, especially estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and clinical stages. The low expression group exhibited poor survival. CCBL2’s area under curve (AUC) analysis showed finite diagnostic capacity. Multivariate cox-regression analysis indicated CCBL2 independently predicted BC survival. GSEA showed enriched pathways: early estrogen response, MYC and so on. CCBL2 positively correlated with estrogen, progesterone and androgen receptors. CCBL2 was downregulated in most cancers and was associated with their survival, including renal and ovarian cancers. Conclusions Low CCBL2 expression is a promising poor BC survival independent prognostic marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Meng
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Anesthesia, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Zhaoying Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yubo Hu
- Department of Anesthesia, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (KW)
| | - Keren Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- * E-mail: (YH); (KW)
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Maclean A, Adishesh M, Button L, Richards L, Alnafakh R, Newton E, Drury J, Hapangama DK. The effect of pre-analytical variables on downstream application and data analysis of human endometrial biopsies. Hum Reprod Open 2022; 2022:hoac026. [PMID: 35775066 PMCID: PMC9240853 DOI: 10.1093/hropen/hoac026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the effects of pre-analytical variables on the downstream analysis of patient-derived endometrial biopsies? SUMMARY ANSWER There are distinct differences in the protein levels of the master regulator of oxygen homeostasis, hypoxia-inducible factor-1-alpha (HIF1α), and the protein and mRNA levels of three related genes, carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and progesterone receptor (PR) in human endometrial biopsies, depending on the pre-analytical variables: disease status (cancer vs benign), timing of biopsy (pre- vs post-hysterectomy) and type of biopsy (pipelle vs full-thickness). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Patient-derived biopsies are vital to endometrial research, but pre-analytical variables relating to their collection may affect downstream analysis, as is evident in other tissues. STUDY DESIGN SIZE DURATION A prospective observational study including patients undergoing hysterectomy for endometrial cancer (EC) or benign indications was conducted at a large tertiary gynaecological unit in the UK. Endometrial biopsies were obtained at different time points (pre- or post-hysterectomy) using either a pipelle endometrial sampler or as a full-thickness wedge biopsy. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS SETTING METHODS The changes in HIF1α, CA9, VEGFA and PR protein levels were measured by semi-quantitative analysis of immunostaining, and the expression levels of three genes (CA9, VEGFA and PR) were investigated by quantitative real-time PCR, in endometrial biopsies from 43 patients undergoing hysterectomy for EC (n = 22) or benign gynaecological indications (n = 21). MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE An increase in HIF1α immunostaining was observed in EC versus benign endometrium (functionalis glands) obtained pre-hysterectomy (P < 0.001). An increase in CA9 immunostaining was observed in EC versus benign endometrial functionalis glands at both pre- and post-hysterectomy time points (P = 0.03 and P = 0.003, respectively). Compared with benign endometrial pipelle samples, EC samples demonstrated increased mRNA expression of CA9 (pre-hysterectomy P < 0.001, post-hysterectomy P = 0.008) and VEGFA (pre-hysterectomy P = 0.004, post-hysterectomy P = 0.002). In benign uteri, HIF1α immunoscores (functionalis glands, P = 0.03 and stroma, P = 0.009), VEGFA immunoscores (functionalis glands, P = 0.03 and stroma, P = 0.01) and VEGFA mRNA levels (P = 0.008) were increased in matched post-hysterectomy versus pre-hysterectomy samples. Similarly, in EC, an increase in VEGFA immunoscores (epithelial and stromal) and VEGFA mRNA expression was observed in the matched post-hysterectomy versus pre-hysterectomy biopsies (P = 0.008, P = 0.004 and P = 0.018, respectively). Full-thickness benign post-hysterectomy endometrial biopsies displayed increased VEGFA (P = 0.011) and PR (P = 0.006) mRNA expression compared with time-matched pipelle biopsies. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS REASONS FOR CAUTION This descriptive study explores the effect of pre-analytical variables on the expression of four proteins and three hypoxia-related genes in a limited number of endometrial biopsies from patients with EC and benign controls. Due to the small number, it was not possible to investigate other potential variables such as menstrual cycle phase, region-specific differences within the endometrium, grade and stage of cancer, and surgical technicalities. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Careful consideration of the effects of these pre-analytical variables is essential when interpreting data relating to human endometrial biopsies. A standardized approach to endometrial tissue collection is essential to ensure accurate and clinically transferrable data. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. The work included in this manuscript was funded by Wellbeing of Women project grants RG1073 and RG2137 (D.K.H.), Wellbeing of Women Entry-Level Scholarship ELS706 and Medical Research Council MR/V007238/1 (A.M./D.K.H.), Liverpool Women's Hospital Cancer Charity (M.A.) and University of Liverpool (L.B., L.R. and E.N.).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Maclean
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Adishesh
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Button
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L Richards
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R Alnafakh
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E Newton
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - J Drury
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - D K Hapangama
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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Amelkina O, Silva AMD, Silva AR, Comizzoli P. Transcriptome dynamics in developing testes of domestic cats and impact of age on tissue resilience to cryopreservation. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:847. [PMID: 34814833 PMCID: PMC8611880 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08099-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fundamental knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms in developing testicular tissues is critical to better understand gonadal biology and responses to non-physiological conditions. The objective of our study was to (1) analyze transcriptome dynamics in developing testis of the domestic cat and (2) characterize age effects on the initial response of the tissue to vitrification. Tissues from adult and juvenile cats were processed for histology, DNA integrity, and RNA sequencing analyses before and after vitrification. RESULTS Transcriptomic findings enabled to further characterize juvenile period, distinguishing between early and late juvenile tissues. Changes in gene expression and functional pathways were extensive from early to late juvenile to adult development stages. Additionally, tissues from juvenile animals were more resilient to vitrification compared to adult counterparts, with early juvenile sample responding the least to vitrification and late juvenile sample response being closest to adult tissues. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study reporting comprehensive datasets on transcriptomic dynamic coupled with structural analysis of the cat testis according to the age and exposure to cryopreservation. It provides a comprehensive network of functional terms and pathways that are affected by age in the domestic cat and are either enriched in adult or juvenile testicular tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Amelkina
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Andreia M da Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Alexandre R Silva
- Laboratory of Animal Germplasm Conservation, Federal Rural University of Semi-Arid - UFERSA, Mossoró, RN, Brazil
| | - Pierre Comizzoli
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, USA.
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Cai M, Li H, Chen R, Zhou X. MRPL13 Promotes Tumor Cell Proliferation, Migration and EMT Process in Breast Cancer Through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:2009-2024. [PMID: 33658859 PMCID: PMC7920513 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s296038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Breast cancer (BC), with varying histopathology, biology and response to systemic treatment, is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Previous studies have inferred that the expression of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) is possibly related to the occurrence/progression of BC. MRPL13 might be one of the potential MRP candidates that are involved in BC tumorigenesis, but its role in BC has rarely been reported. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of MRPL13, as well as to explore its potential biological functions in BC. Materials and Methods A series of bioinformatic and statistical methods were adopted to assess the MRPL13 expression profile, its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics, copy number variation (CNV), impact on clinical outcomes and relevant functions. All the results are analysed by 1097 BC patients collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and 52 clinical samples for immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay. Results The results demonstrated that the expression of MRPL13 in BC tissues was remarkably elevated than that in normal breast tissues. In addition, the Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox model indicated that patients with high MRPL13 expression were connected to a worse prognosis, heralding the independent prognostic value of this protein in BC. Moreover, an enrichment analysis showed that MRPL13 was mainly involved in cell cycle/division-related, RNA processing (degradation/splicing), MYC targets and the MTORC1 pathways. In addition, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated MRPL13 silencing remarkedly inhibited proliferation and migration as well as the expression of EMT-related genes of BC cells in vitro. Mechanistically, attenuation of MRPL13 significantly suppressed the phosphorylation of AKT and mTOR, which could be partially abolished by 740Y-P (a PI3K agonist). Conclusion Our results provide evidence for the first time that increased MRPL13 expression correlates with adverse clinicopathological variables and unfavorable clinical outcomes of BC patients. Knockdown of MRPL13 restrains the proliferation and migration potential and EMT process of BC through inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Cai
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanning Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Runfa Chen
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, People's Republic of China
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Li HN, Li XR, Lv ZT, Cai MM, Wang G, Yang ZF. Elevated expression of FREM1 in breast cancer indicates favorable prognosis and high-level immune infiltration status. Cancer Med 2020; 9:9554-9570. [PMID: 33058542 PMCID: PMC7774739 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) poses one of the major threats to female's health worldwide. Immune infiltration in BC is a key representative of the tumor microenvironment and has been proven highly relevant for prognosis. The role of the FREM1 (FRAS1-Related Extracellular Matrix 1) gene in carcinoma has not studied, moreover, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. This study aims to investigate the expression profile and potential action of FREM1 on BC progression. We applied series of bioinformatic methods as well as immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) to analyze FREM1 expression profile, its relationship with clinicopathological characteristics, impact on clinical outcomes, relevant functions, correlation with immune infiltration in BC. The results demonstrated that FREM1 had a dramatically reduced expression in BC tissues, possessed an inverse correlation with stage, age, and metastasis, and exhibited a higher level in invasive lobular breast carcinoma than in ductal one. Furthermore, decreased FREM1 expression was often associated with estrogen receptor (ER)/progesterone receptor (PR) negative and triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) status while human epidermal growth factor 2 (Her-2) positive status, and considerably correlated with a worse overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Meanwhile, the univariate/multivariate Cox model revealed that low-FREM1 expression can be an independent prognostic factor for BC. Additionally, FREM1 was mainly involved in the cell metabolism and immune cells infiltration. Moreover, IHC and IF demonstrated a positive correlation of its expression with the immune infiltrating levels of CD4+ , CD8+ T cells, and CD86+ M1 macrophages while a negative correlation with CD68+ pan-macrophages and CD163+ M2 macrophages. These findings suggest that FREM1 can be a potential biomarker for evaluating the immune infiltrating status, and the BC prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Ning Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xing-Rui Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Miao-Miao Cai
- College of Life Sciences and Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhi-Fang Yang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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