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Liu T, Li Y, Hu N. Aucubin Alleviates Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01354-1. [PMID: 38967902 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01354-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common chronic respiratory disease with high death rates. Aucubin is an iridoid glycoside extracted from Eucommia ulmoides with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties in human diseases. This study aimed to investigate its specific function in mouse and cell models of COPD. METHODS The COPD mouse model was established by exposing mice to a long-term cigarette smoke (CS). The number of inflammatory cells and the contents of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of CS-exposed mice were measured. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the lung tissues were estimated. Masson staining and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were utilized to evaluate pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in CS-treated mice. Cell apoptosis in the lung tissues was estimated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. Western blot was applied to quantify protein levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and apoptotic markers. COPD cell model was established by exposing mouse lung epithelial cells (MLE12) with cigarette smoke extract to further verify the properties of aucubin in vitro. RESULTS Aucubin reduced the number of inflammatory cells and decreased the contents of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 in BALF of CS-treated mice. The oxidative stress, lung emphysema, fibrosis, and lung cell apoptosis induced by CS exposure were ameliorated by aucubin administration. Aucubin activated the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. Pretreatment with ML385, a specific Nrf2 inhibitor, antagonized the protective effects of aucubin on inflammation, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cell apoptosis in COPD. CONCLUSION Aucubin alleviates inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and pulmonary fibrosis in COPD mice and CSE-treated MLE12 cells by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- Department of International Medical Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department of Rheumatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710061, China
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Liu Z, Dang B, Li Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Wu F, Cao X, Wang C, Lin C. Baicalin attenuates acute skin damage induced by ultraviolet B via inhibiting pyroptosis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 256:112937. [PMID: 38743989 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
As the outermost layer of the human body, the skin suffers from various external factors especially light damage, among which ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is common and possesses a relatively high biological damage capacity. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered type of programmed cell death, which can induce cell rupture and induce local inflammatory response. However, the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis in photodamaged skin is poorly understood. Baicalin, a flavonoid extracted from the desiccated root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang Qin). Despite its antioxidant abilities, whether baicalin protects skin by attenuating UVB-induced pyroptosis remains unclear, which was the aim of this study. The UVB-induced acute skin damage model was established by using human immortalized keratinocytes (HaCaT cells) and Kunming (KM) strain mice. The protective dose selection for baicalin is 50 μM in vitro and 100 mg/kg in vivo. In in vitro study, UVB irradiation significantly decreased cell viability, increased cell death and oxidative stress in HaCaT cells, while pretreatment with baicalin improved these phenomena. Furthermore, the baicalin pretreatment notably suppressed nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) translocation, the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and gasdermin D (GSDMD) maturation, thus effectively attenuating UVB-induced pyroptosis. In in vivo study, the baicalin pretreatment mitigated epidermal hyperplasia, collagen fiber fragmentation, oxidative stress and pyroptosis in UVB-irradiated mouse skin. In a nutshell, this study suggests that baicalin could be a potential protective agent to attenuate acute skin damage induced by UVB irradiation through decreasing oxidative stress and suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3/GSDMD-involved pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuohao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bingrong Dang
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xingsheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fen Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinhui Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chunming Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Changjun Lin
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Li L, Li Z, Peng Y, Fu Y, Zhang R, Wen J, Wang J. Bletilla striata polysaccharide alleviates chronic obstructive pulmonary disease via modulating gut microbiota and NR1H4 expression in mice. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106767. [PMID: 38945459 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) is the main component of Bletilla striata and has been revealed to enhance immune responses. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) results from the chronic inhalation of toxic particles and gases, which initiates innate and adaptive immune responses in the lungs. This study aimed to evaluate whether the effects of BSP on COPD were related to the abundance of gut microbiota and explored the underlying mechanism. COPD mice were induced with cigarette smoke and human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) were subjected to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) for in vitro studies. BSP alleviated the inflammatory response and the inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues and promoted the recovery of respiratory function in COPD mice. BSP mitigated CSE-induced HBEC injury by repressing inflammation and oxidative stress. 16s rRNA sequencing revealed that BSP increased the abundance of Bacteroides intestinalis. Bacteroides intestinalis colonization enhanced the therapeutic effect of BSP in COPD mice by upregulating NR1H4 and its encoded protein FXR. Reduction of NR1H4 impaired the therapeutic impact of BSP and Bacteroides intestinalis in COPD. These data demonstrate that BSP inhibits COPD by upregulating NR1H4 through Bacteroides intestinalis, which underpins the application of BSP as a therapeutic agent for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Diseases, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, PR China
| | - Zhaoguo Li
- Department of Respiratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yuqiu Peng
- The First Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Yunli Fu
- The First Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Ranzhi Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jiexiang Wen
- The First Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center of Respiratory Diseases, Haikou, 570100, Hainan, PR China; The First Clinical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, Hainan, PR China.
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Jing X, Huo J, Li L, Wang T, Xu J. Baicalin Relieves Airway Inflammation in COPD by Inhibiting miR-125a. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:3374-3386. [PMID: 37656356 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04671-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of Baicalin on the apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and the release of inflammatory factors, and to clarify its possible mechanism. CSE was used to treat 16HBE cells and construct COPD cell model. The activity of 16HBE cells was detected by CCK-8 and BrdU. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-QPCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-125a in each group of 16HBE cells. At the same time, the levels of 16HBE inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-8, IL-6, and TNF-α were detected. The apoptosis rate of 16HBE cells in each group was detected by TUNEL. Compared with the control group, the proliferation of 16HBE cells in CSE group was decreased. Baicalin reversed the effect of 2% CSE on the proliferation of 16HBE cells. Baicalin also reversed the effect of 2% CSE on apoptosis and inflammatory factors in 16HBE cells. miR-125a is highly expressed in COPD, and Baicalin can inhibit the expression of miR-125a. Silencing miR-125a reduces apoptosis and inflammatory response of 16HBE cells in COPD. miR-125a reversed the effects of Baicalin on apoptosis and inflammation of 16HBE cells. Baicalin can reduce CSE-induced apoptosis of human bronchial epithelial cells and release of inflammatory factors, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of miR-125a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Jing
- Department of General Medical, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jin Huo
- Department of General Medical, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of General Medical, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Department of General Medical, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jianying Xu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 99 Longcheng Street, Taiyuan, 030032, China.
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Xiang G, Yang L, Qin J, Wang S, Zhang Y, Yang S. Revealing the potential bioactive components and mechanism of Qianhua Gout Capsules in the treatment of gouty arthritis through network pharmacology, molecular docking and pharmacodynamic study strategies. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30983. [PMID: 38770346 PMCID: PMC11103544 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent clinical studies have confirmed the effectiveness of Qianhua Gout Capsules (QGC) in the treatment of gouty arthritis (GA). However, the specific regulatory targets and mechanisms of action of QGC are still unclear. To address this gap, we utilized network pharmacology, molecular docking, and pharmacodynamic approaches to investigate the bioactive components and associated mechanisms of QGC in the treatment of GA. By employing UPLC-Q Exactive-MS, we identified the compounds present in QGC, with active ingredients defined as those with oral bioavailability ≥30 % and drug similarity ≥0.18. Subsequently, the targets of these active compounds were determined using the TCMSP database, while GA-related targets were identified from DisGeNET, GeneCards, TTD, OMIM, and DrugBank databases. Further analysis including PPI analysis, GO analysis, and KEGG pathway enrichment was conducted on the targets. Validation of the predicted results was performed using a GA rat model, evaluating pathological changes, inflammatory markers, and pathway protein expression. Our results revealed a total of 130 components, 44 active components, 16 potential shared targets, GO-enriched terms, and 47 signaling pathways related to disease targets. Key active ingredients included quercetin, kaempferol, β-sitosterol, luteolin, and wogonin. The PPI analysis highlighted five targets (PPARG, IL-6, MMP-9, IL-1β, CXCL-8) with the highest connectivity, predominantly enriched in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Molecular docking experiments demonstrated strong binding of CXCL8, IL-1β, IL-6, MMP9, and PPARG targets with the top five active compounds. Furthermore, animal experiments confirmed the efficacy of QGC in treating GA in rats, showing reductions in TNF-α, IL-6, and MDA levels, and increases in SOD levels in serum. In synovial tissues, QGC treatment upregulated CXCL8 and PPARG expression, while downregulating IL-1β, MMP9, and IL-6 expression. In conclusion, this study applied a network pharmacology approach to uncover the composition of QGC, predict its pharmacological interactions, and demonstrate its in vivo efficacy, providing insights into the anti-GA mechanisms of QGC. These findings pave the way for future investigations into the therapeutic mechanisms underlying QGC's effectiveness in the treatment of GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gelin Xiang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Luyin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Meishan Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Meishan, China
| | - Sijin Yang
- National Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Research Base and Drug Research Center of the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Sharawi ZW, Ibrahim IM, Abd-Alhameed EK, Althagafy HS, Jaber FA, Harakeh S, Hassanein EHM. Baicalin and lung diseases. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1405-1419. [PMID: 37725153 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02704-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Studies focusing on natural products have been conducted worldwide, and the results suggest that their natural ingredients effectively treat a wide range of illnesses. Baicalin (BIA) is a glycoside derived from the flavonoid baicalein present in Scutellaria baicalensis of the Lamiaceae family. Interestingly, BIA has been shown to protect the lungs in several animal models used in numerous studies. Therefore, we fully analyzed the data of the studies that focused on BIA's lung protective function against various injuries and included them in this review. Interestingly, BIA exhibits promising effects against acute lung injury, lung fibrosis, pulmonary embolism, and lung remodelling associated with COPD, LPS, and paraquat insecticide. BAI exhibits anticancer activity against lung cancer. Additionally, BIA potently attenuates lung damage associated with infections. BIA primarily exerts its therapeutic effects by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress immune response, and apoptosis pathways. Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/Akt, NF-κB, STAT3, MAPKs, TLR4, and NLRP3 are important targets in the pulmonary therapeutic effects of BIA on different lung disease models. Consequently, we recommend using it in future potential clinical applications, its contribution to treatment guidelines, and translating its promising effects to clinical practice in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina W Sharawi
- Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Sciences, King AbdulAziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Esraa K Abd-Alhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hanan S Althagafy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatima A Jaber
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Steve Harakeh
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Yousef Abdul Lateef Jameel Chair of Prophetic Medicine Application, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt.
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Yang J, Shen X, Qin M, Zhou P, Huang FH, You Y, Wang L, Wu JM. Suppressing inflammatory signals and apoptosis-linked sphingolipid metabolism underlies therapeutic potential of Qing-Jin-Hua-Tan decoction against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24336. [PMID: 38318072 PMCID: PMC10839876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Qing-Jin-Hua-Tan decoction (QJHTD) is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription that first appeared in the ancient book Yi-Xue-Tong-Zhi. QJHTD has shown effectiveness for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), although its mechanisms of action are still perplexing. The molecular mechanisms underlying the curative effects of QJHTD on COPD is worth exploring. Methods In vitro antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory activities of QJHTD were evaluated using cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis rate, and expression of IL-1β and TNF-α in BEAS-2B and RAW264.7 cells challenged with cigarette smoke (CS) extract (CSE) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). In vivo therapeutic activities of QJHTD were evaluated using respiratory parameters (peak inspiratory flow (PIFb) and peak expiratory flow (PEFb) values), histopathology (mean linear intercept, MLI), and proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β and TNF-α) and cleaved caspase-3 (c-Casp3) levels in the lung tissue of CS-LPS-exposed BALB/c mice. Network pharmacology-based prediction, transcriptomic analysis, and metabolic profiling were employed to investigate the signaling molecules and metabolites pertinent to the anti-COPD action of QJHTD. Results Increased cell viability and proliferation with decreased apoptosis rate and proinflammatory cytokine expression were noted after QJHTD intervention. QJHTD administration elevated PEFb and PIFb values, reduced MLI, and inhibited IL-1β, TNF-α, and c-Casp3 expression in vivo. Integrated network pharmacology-transcriptomics revealed that suppressing inflammatory signals (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF, IκB-NF-κB, TLR, and MAPK) and apoptosis contributed to the anti-COPD property of QJHTD. Metabolomic profiling unveiled prominent roles for the suppression of apoptosis and sphingolipid (SL) metabolism and the promotion of choline (Ch) metabolism in the anti-COPD effect of QJHTD. Integrative transcriptomics-metabolomics unraveled the correlation between SL metabolism and apoptosis. In silico molecular docking revealed that acacetin, as an active compound in QJHTD, could bind with high affinity to MEK1, MEK2, ERK1, ERK2, Bcl2, NF-κB, and alCDase target proteins. Conclusion The therapeutic effect of QJHTD on COPD is dependent on regulating inflammatory signals and apoptosis-directed SL metabolism. These findings provide deeper insights into the molecular mechanism of action of QJHTD against COPD and justify its theoretical promise in novel pharmacotherapy for this multifactorial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611130, PR China
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Xin Shen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Mi Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Ping Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Fei-Hong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Yun You
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, PR China
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Jin F, Fan P, Wu Y, Yang Q, Li J, Liu H. Efficacy and Mechanisms of Natural Products as Therapeutic Interventions for Chronic Respiratory Diseases. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2024; 52:57-88. [PMID: 38353634 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x24500034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases are long-term conditions affecting the airways and other lung components that are characterized by a high prevalence, disability rate, and mortality rate. Further optimization of their treatment is required. Natural products, primarily extracted from organisms, possess specific molecular and structural formulas as well as distinct chemical and physical properties. These characteristics grant them the advantages of safety, gentleness, accessibility, and minimal side effects. The numerous advances in the use of natural products for treating chronic respiratory diseases have provided a steady source of motivation for new drug research and development. In this paper, we introduced the pathogenesis of chronic respiratory diseases and natural products. Furthermore, we classified natural products according to their mechanism for treating chronic respiratory diseases and describe the ways in which these products can alleviate the pathological symptoms. Simultaneously, we elaborate on the signal transduction pathways and biological impacts of natural products' targeting. Additionally, we present future prospects for natural products, considering their combination treatment approaches and administration methods. The significance of this review extends to both the research on preventing and treating chronic respiratory diseases, as well as the advancement of novel drug development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanli Jin
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Pengbei Fan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Wu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qingzhen Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, P. R. China
- Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC) Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Han Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine for Respiratory Disease, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases, Co-Constructed by Henan Province and Education Ministry of China Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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Wang YY, Liu YY, Li J, Zhang YY, Ding YF, Peng YR. Gualou xiebai decoction ameliorates cardiorenal syndrome type II by regulation of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signalling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155172. [PMID: 37976694 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiorenal syndromes type II (CRS2) is a multi-organ ailment that manifests as a combination of cardiac and renal dysfunction, resulting in chronic kidney disease due to chronic cardiac insufficiency. It affects at least 26 million people worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing. Gualou Xiebai Decoction (GXD), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with a rich history of application in the management of coronary artery disease, has been explored for its potential therapeutic benefits in CRS2. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which GXD alleviates CRS2 remains obscure, necessitating further investigation. PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the ethanolic extract of GXD on CRS2 and to elucidate the underlying mechanism in a rat model of myocardial infarction, offering a potential target for clinical treatment for CRS2. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS A rat model of CRS2 was induced by surgical myocardial infarction and treated with GXD for 10 weeks. Cardiac function was assessed using echocardiography, while serum and urine biochemistry were analyzed to evaluate potential cardiac and renal damage. Furthermore, tissue samples were obtained for histological, protein, and genetic investigations. In addition, network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking were utilized to predict the primary active compounds, potential therapeutic targets, and interventional pathways through which GXD could potentially exert its effects on CRS2. Subsequently, these predictions were confirmed in vivo and vitro through various analyses. RESULTS The current investigation employed echocardiography to exhibit the apparent cardiac remodeling following the induction of myocardial infarction. Damage to the heart and kidneys of CRS2 rats was effectively ameliorated by administration of GXD. The outcomes derived from the analyses of HE and Masson staining indicated that the pathological damage to the heart and kidney tissues of rats in the GXD groups was considerably alleviated. Using network pharmacology analysis, AKT1, IL-6, and TNF-α were identified as plausible therapeutic targets for the treatment of CRS with GXD. Subsequent functional and pathway enrichment analysis of the underlying targets disclosed that the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway may be involved in the mechanism of GXD in the treatment of CRS2. Immunohistochemical, western blot, RT-PCR and immunofluorescence staining were employed to demonstrate that GXD can regulate the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway in the CRS2 rat model. Ultimately, administration of the PI3K/AKT agonist 740Y-P counteracted the effect of diosmetin, which was one of the potential active components of GXD analysed by compound-target-disease network, on p-PI3K and p-AKT in vitro. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest that GXD improves cardiac and renal function in CRS2 rats and that the underlying mechanism involves inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yu Wang
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yang-Yang Liu
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yun-Yun Zhang
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
| | - Yong-Fang Ding
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China.
| | - Yun-Ru Peng
- Affliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, PR China
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Yin Y, Mu C, Wang J, Wang Y, Hu W, Zhu W, Yu X, Hao W, Zheng Y, Li Q, Han W. CXCL17 Attenuates Diesel Exhaust Emissions Exposure-Induced Lung Damage by Regulating Macrophage Function. TOXICS 2023; 11:646. [PMID: 37624152 PMCID: PMC10459829 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11080646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to diesel exhaust emissions (DEE) is strongly linked to innate immune injury and lung injury, but the role of macrophage chemoattractant CXCL17 in the lung damage caused by DEE exposure remains unclear. In this study, whole-body plethysmography (WBP), inflammatory cell differential count, and histopathological analysis were performed to assess respiratory parameters, airway inflammation, and airway injury in C57BL/6 male mice exposed to DEE for 3 months. qRT-PCR, IHC (immunohistochemistry), and ELISA were performed to measure the CXCL17 expression in airway epithelium or BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid) following DEE/Diesel exhaust particle (DEP) exposure. Respiratory parameters, airway inflammation, and airway injury were assessed in CXCL17-overexpressing mice through adeno-associated virus vector Type 5 (AAV5) infection. Additionally, an in vitro THP-1 and HBE co-culture system was constructed. Transwell assay was carried out to evaluate the effect of rh-CXCL17 (recombinant human protein-CXCL17) on THP-1 cell migration. Flow cytometry and qRT-PCR were conducted to assess the impacts of rh-CXCL17 on apoptosis and inflammation/remodeling of HBE cells. We found that the mice exposed to DEE showed abnormal respiratory parameters, accompanied by airway injury and remodeling (ciliary injury in airway epithelium, airway smooth muscle hyperplasia, and increased collagen deposition). Carbon content in airway macrophages (CCAM), but not the number of macrophages in BALF, increased significantly. CXCL17 expression significantly decreased in mice airways and HBE after DEE/DEP exposure. AAV5-CXCL17 enhanced macrophage recruitment and clearance of DEE in the lungs of mice, and it improved respiratory parameters, airway injury, and airway remodeling. In the THP-1/HBE co-culture system, rh-CXCL17 increased THP-1 cell migration while attenuating HBE cell apoptosis and inflammation/remodeling. Therefore, CXCL17 might attenuate DEE-induced lung damage by recruiting and activating pulmonary macrophages, which is expected to be a novel therapeutic target for DEE-associated lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Yin
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Chaohui Mu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, School of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Central Laboratories and Department of Gastroenterology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266071, China;
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wenmin Hu
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Wenjing Zhu
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xinjuan Yu
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wanming Hao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China;
| | - Qinghai Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wei Han
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China; (J.W.); (W.H.)
- Respiratory Disease Key Laboratory of Qingdao, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (W.Z.); (X.Y.)
- Clinical Research Center, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, China
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A porcine model of early-onset scoliosis combined with thoracic insufficiency syndrome: Construction and transcriptome analysis. Gene 2023; 858:147202. [PMID: 36646188 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early-onset scoliosis (EOS) is a scoliosis deformity caused by various reasons before the age of 10 years and is often combined with thoracic insufficiency syndrome (TIS) causing patients with difficulty in securing lung growth in the thoracic cage. Currently, there is a shortage of effective large animal models for evaluating EOS + TIS in therapeutic studies. Consequently, we propose to construct a porcine EOS + TIS model and evaluate its transcriptome changes by RNA sequencing. METHODS Piglets were constructed using unilateral posterior spine-tethering and ipsilateral rib-tethering in the EOS + TIS model, and X-ray and computed tomography (CT) were performed to assess growth changes in the spine, thoracic cage and lungs. The H&E and Masson staining was performed for pathological analysis of lung tissue. After RNA sequencing of lung tissues, data were analyzed for differential expression of mRNA, functional enrichment analysis (GO, KEGG and GSEA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, and differential expression of hub gene was verified by RT-qPCR. RESULTS In the model group, growth (body weight and length) of piglets was significantly delayed; fusion of ribs occurred and cobb angle changes in the coronal and sagittal planes were significantly enlarged; total lung volume (TLV) was significantly reduced, especially at the T7-T10 level. Pathological analysis revealed that, in the model lung tissue, the alveolar wall of was poorly perfused, the alveolar space was enlarged, the number and size of alveoli were significantly reduced, and it was accompanied by collagen fiber deposition. Moreover, a total of 432 differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) were identified in model lung tissues, which contained 262 down-regulated and 170 up-regulated DE-mRNAs, and they were mainly involved in the regulation of immunity, inflammation, cell cycle and extracellular matrix. A PPI network containing 71 nodes and 158 edges was constructed based on all DE-mRNAs, and JUN, CCL2, EGR1, ATF3, BTG2, DUSP1 and THBS1 etc. were hub gene. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we constructed a porcine model that was capable of replicating the common clinical features of EOS + TIS such as rib fusion, asymmetric thoracic cage, increased cobb angle, decreased TLV, and pulmonary hypoplasia. Also, we revealed transcriptomic changes in the EOS + TIS model that may cause pulmonary hypoplasia.
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Song S, Ding L, Liu G, Chen T, Zhao M, Li X, Li M, Qi H, Chen J, Wang Z, Wang Y, Ma J, Wang Q, Li X, Wang Z. The protective effects of baicalin for respiratory diseases: an update and future perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1129817. [PMID: 37007037 PMCID: PMC10060540 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1129817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Respiratory diseases are common and frequent diseases. Due to the high pathogenicity and side effects of respiratory diseases, the discovery of new strategies for drug treatment is a hot area of research. Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SBG) has been used as a medicinal herb in China for over 2000 years. Baicalin (BA) is a flavonoid active ingredient extracted from SBG that BA has been found to exert various pharmacological effects against respiratory diseases. However, there is no comprehensive review of the mechanism of the effects of BA in treating respiratory diseases. This review aims to summarize the current pharmacokinetics of BA, baicalin-loaded nano-delivery system, and its molecular mechanisms and therapeutical effects for treating respiratory diseases.Method: This review reviewed databases such as PubMed, NCBI, and Web of Science from their inception to 13 December 2022, in which literature was related to “baicalin”, “Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi”, “COVID-19”, “acute lung injury”, “pulmonary arterial hypertension”, “asthma”, “chronic obstructive pulmonary disease”, “pulmonary fibrosis”, “lung cancer”, “pharmacokinetics”, “liposomes”, “nano-emulsions”, “micelles”, “phospholipid complexes”, “solid dispersions”, “inclusion complexes”, and other terms.Result: The pharmacokinetics of BA involves mainly gastrointestinal hydrolysis, the enteroglycoside cycle, multiple metabolic pathways, and excretion in bile and urine. Due to the poor bioavailability and solubility of BA, liposomes, nano-emulsions, micelles, phospholipid complexes, solid dispersions, and inclusion complexes of BA have been developed to improve its bioavailability, lung targeting, and solubility. BA exerts potent effects mainly by mediating upstream oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and immune response pathways. It regulates are the NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/Smad, Nrf2/HO-1, and ERK/GSK3β pathways.Conclusion: This review presents comprehensive information on BA about pharmacokinetics, baicalin-loaded nano-delivery system, and its therapeutic effects and potential pharmacological mechanisms in respiratory diseases. The available studies suggest that BA has excellent possible treatment of respiratory diseases and is worthy of further investigation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Guangwen Liu
- GCP Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tian Chen
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Meiru Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hongyu Qi
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jing Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xiangyan Li
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyan Li, ; Zeyu Wang,
| | - Zeyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Active Substances and Biological Mechanisms of Ginseng Efficacy, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Bio-Macromolecules of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyan Li, ; Zeyu Wang,
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He M, Zhang G, Shen F, Li X. Effects of Z-VaD-Ala-Asp-Fluoromethyl Ketone (Z-VAD-FMK) and Acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-Aldehyde(Ac-DEVD-CHO) on Inflammation and Mucus Secretion in Mice Exposed to Cigarette Smoke. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:69-78. [PMID: 36777242 PMCID: PMC9910210 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s385748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Smoking can lead to airway inflammation and mucus secretion through the nucleotide-binding domain-like receptor protein 3/caspase-1 pathway. In this study, z-VaD-Ala-Asp-fluoromethyl ketone(Z-VAD), a pan-caspase inhibitor, and acetyl-Asp-Glu-Val-Asp-aldehyde(Ac-DEVD), a caspase-3 inhibitor, were used to investigate the effect of caspase inhibitors on the expression of interleukin(IL)-1β and IL-8, airway inflammation, and mucus secretion in mice exposed to cigarette smoke(CS). Methods Thirty-two C57BL/6J male mice were divided into a control group, Smoke group, Z-VAD group, and Ac-DEVD group. Except for the control group, the animals were all exposed to CS for three months. After the experiment, lung function was measured and hematoxylin and eosin staining and periodic acid-Schiff staining were performed. The levels of IL-1β, IL-8, and mucin 5ac(Muc5ac) in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Compared with the control group, the lung function of mice exposed to smoke was poorer, with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating around the airway, collapse of alveoli, expansion and fusion of distal alveoli, and formation of emphysema. The Z-VAD group was relieved compared with the smoke group. Airway inflammation was also reduced in the Ac-DEVD group compared with the Smoke group, but the degree of emphysema was not significantly improved. Although Z-VAD relieved airway inflammation and emphysema, Ac-DEVD only relieved inflammation. Z-VAD and Ac-DEVD decreased serum IL-1β and IL-8 levels. In BALF, IL-1β was decreased in Z-VAD group and IL-8 was highest in Smoke +Ac-DEVD group compared with control group and Ac-DEVD group. There was no significant difference in the expression of Muc5ac in serum. However, in BALF, levels of Muc5ac were higher in the smoking group and the lowest in the Ac-DEVD group. Conclusion Mice exposed to smoke had decreased lung function and significant cilia lodging, epithelial cell shedding, and inflammatory cell infiltration, with significant emphysema formation. The pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD, improved airway inflammation and emphysema lesions in the mice exposed to smoke and reduced IL-1β and IL-8 levels in serum. The caspase-3 inhibitor, Ac-DEVD, reduced airway inflammation, serum IL-1β and IL-8 levels, and Muc5ac levels in BALF, but it did not improve emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudan He
- Department of Respiratory, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Respiratory, Jiading Branch of Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200803, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang Shen
- Department of Respiratory, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201900, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xingjing Li
- Department of Respiratory, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201900, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xingjing Li, Department of Respiratory, Zhongshan Hospital Wusong Branch, Fudan University, No. 101 of North Tongtai Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 201900, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13816446543, Email
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Wang D, Li Y. Pharmacological effects of baicalin in lung diseases. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1188202. [PMID: 37168996 PMCID: PMC10164968 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1188202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The flavonoids baicalin and baicalein were discovered in the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and are primarily used in traditional Chinese medicine, herbal supplements and healthcare. Recently, accumulated investigations have demonstrated the therapeutic benefits of baicalin in treating various lung diseases due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiapoptotic, anticancer, and antiviral effects. In this review, the PubMed database and ClinicalTrials website were searched with the search string "baicalin" and "lung" for articles published between September 1970 and March 2023. We summarized the therapeutic role that baicalin plays in a variety of lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary infections, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, and lung cancer. We also discussed the underlying mechanisms of baicalin targeting in these lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duoning Wang
- Chengdu Hi-tech Nanxili Jiuzheng Clinic, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Li
- Chengdu Hi-tech Nanxili Jiuzheng Clinic, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Li, /
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Kuppuswami J, Senthilkumar GP. Nutri-stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance-role of heat shock proteins. Cell Stress Chaperones 2023; 28:35-48. [PMID: 36441381 PMCID: PMC9877269 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01314-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Excess nutrient flux into the cellular energy system results in a scenario of cellular metabolic stress in diseases involving insulin resistance, such as type 2 diabetes, referred to as nutri-stress and results in cellular bioenergetic imbalance, which leads to insulin resistance and disease. Under nutri-stress, the heat shock response system is compromised due to metabolic abnormalities that disturb energy homeostasis. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are the chief protectors of intracellular homeostasis during stress. Heat shock response (HSR) impairment contributes to several metabolic pathways that aggravate chronic hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, highlighting a central role in disease pathogenesis. This article discusses the role of nutri-stress-related molecular events in causing insulin resistance and the nature of the roles played by heat shock proteins in some of the crucial checkpoints of the molecular networks involved in insulin resistance. Ample evidence suggests that the heat shock machinery regulates critical pathways in mitochondrial function and energy metabolism and that cellular energy status highly influences it. Weakening of HSPs, therefore, leads to loss of their vital cytoprotective functions, propagating nutri-stress in the system. Further research into the mechanistic roles of HSPs in metabolic homeostasis will help widen our understanding of lifestyle diseases, their onset, and complications. These inducible proteins may be crucial to attenuating lifestyle risk factors and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayashree Kuppuswami
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, 605006 India
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Chang JL, Gong J, Rizal S, Peterson AL, Chang J, Yao C, Dennery PA, Yao H. Upregulating carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 attenuates hyperoxia-induced endothelial cell dysfunction and persistent lung injury. Respir Res 2022; 23:205. [PMID: 35964084 PMCID: PMC9375342 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02135-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease in premature infants that may cause long-term lung dysfunction. Accumulating evidence supports the vascular hypothesis of BPD, in which lung endothelial cell dysfunction drives this disease. We recently reported that endothelial carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a (Cpt1a) is reduced by hyperoxia, and that endothelial cell-specific Cpt1a knockout mice are more susceptible to developing hyperoxia-induced injury than wild type mice. Whether Cpt1a upregulation attenuates hyperoxia-induced endothelial cell dysfunction and lung injury remains unknown. We hypothesized that upregulation of Cpt1a by baicalin or L-carnitine ameliorates hyperoxia-induced endothelial cell dysfunction and persistent lung injury. METHODS Lung endothelial cells or newborn mice (< 12 h old) were treated with baicalin or L-carnitine after hyperoxia (50% and 95% O2) followed by air recovery. RESULTS We found that incubation with L-carnitine (40 and 80 mg/L) and baicalin (22.5 and 45 mg/L) reduced hyperoxia-induced apoptosis, impaired cell migration and angiogenesis in cultured lung endothelial cells. This was associated with increased Cpt1a gene expression. In mice, neonatal hyperoxia caused persistent alveolar and vascular simplification in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with L-carnitine (150 and 300 mg/kg) and baicalin (50 and 100 mg/kg) attenuated neonatal hyperoxia-induced alveolar and vascular simplification in adult mice. These effects were diminished in endothelial cell-specific Cpt1a knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS Upregulating Cpt1a by baicalin or L-carnitine ameliorates hyperoxia-induced lung endothelial cell dysfunction, and persistent alveolar and vascular simplification. These findings provide potential therapeutic avenues for using L-carnitine and baicalin as Cpt1a upregulators to prevent persistent lung injury in premature infants with BPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Chang
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Jiannan Gong
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Salu Rizal
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Abigail L Peterson
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Julia Chang
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Chenrui Yao
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Phyllis A Dennery
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Hongwei Yao
- Division of Biology and Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, 185 Meeting Street, SFH, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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Baicalin Inhibits Inflammation in Rats with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by the TLR2/MYD88/NF- κBp65 Signaling Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7273387. [PMID: 35911168 PMCID: PMC9337931 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7273387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a relatively high morbidity and death rate. This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of baicalin (BA) on inflammation in COPD rats and its possible mechanism. Methods The experimental COPD of SD rats were induced by LPS, smoking, and cold stimulation, and they were randomly divided into the control group, COPD group, COPD + LB group, COPD + MB group, and COPD + HB group. The test of pulmonary function and the HE staining were carried out in COPD rats. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-8, as well as GSH, SOD, and MDA in serum, were detected by ELISA. The levels of TLR2, MYD88, TNF-α, and IL-1β mRNA in BALF were detected by qPCR. The expression of TLR2/MYD88/NF-κBp65 pathway-related proteins was also detected by the Western blot and immunohistochemistry assays. Results Compared to the COPD model group, BA treatment significantly improved the pulmonary function and pathologic changes, reduced the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-8, and MDA, and increased the levels of IL-10, SOD, and GSH in COPD rats. In addition, BA could also decrease the protein levels of MYD88, p–NF–κBp65/NF-κBp65, TLR2, and TLR4 but increase the protein level of p-IκBa/IκB in lung tissue of COPD rats. Conclusion BA ameliorated inflammatory response and oxidative stress in COPD rats by regulating the TLR2/MYD88/NF-κBp65 signaling pathway.
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Nadalin P, Kim JK, Kim TW, Park SU. Recent insights into the biological functions of baicalin. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:1019-1027. [PMID: 36172075 PMCID: PMC9489896 DOI: 10.17179/excli2022-5184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Nadalin
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea
| | - Jae Kwang Kim
- Division of Life Sciences and Convergence Research Center for Insect Vectors, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Korea
| | - Tae Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Sang Un Park
- Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sang Un Park, Department of Crop Science, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34134, Korea; Tel.: +82-42-821-5730, Fax: +82-42-822-2631, E-mail:
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Effect of Yifei-Huoxue Decoction Combined with Tiotropium on Inflammatory Cytokine Levels, Pulmonary Function, and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2022; 2022:5740181. [PMID: 35634054 PMCID: PMC9135534 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5740181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Objective The main objective is to investigate the effect of Yifei-Huoxue decoction combined with tiotropium on the inflammatory cytokine levels, pulmonary function, and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Ninety-eight COPD patients who were treated in our hospital from January 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into reference group (routine treatment) and study group (Yifei-Huoxue decoction combined with tiotropium), with 49 cases in each group. The patients' clinical indexes were compared between the two groups, and the clinical efficacy in the two groups was analyzed. Results Compared with the reference group, the study group had remarkably lower inflammatory cytokine levels (including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), C-reactive protein (CRP), and interleukin-6 (IL-6)) after treatment (P > 0.05). In terms of the patients' pulmonary function indexes after treatment, the study group achieved lower forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC levels compared with the reference group (P < 0.05). Both groups had a lower erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) after treatment compared with that before treatment. However, the intergroup difference in the ESRs after treatment was remarkable, and the study group had a much lower ESR compared with the reference group (P < 0.05). Compared with the reference group, the study group achieved much higher 36-item short form health survey (SF-36) scores in dimensions of general health, physical functioning, social functioning, and mental health after treatment (P < 0.05). Conclusion Yifei-Huoxue decoction combined with tiotropium not only enhances the COPD patients' pulmonary function but also decreases their inflammatory levels. Therefore, this treatment is conducive to promoting the COPD patients' recovery and exerts positive effect on improving their quality of life.
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Lin H, Wang C, Yu H, Liu Y, Tan L, He S, Li Z, Wang C, Wang F, Li P, Liu J. Protective effect of total Saponins from American ginseng against cigarette smoke-induced COPD in mice based on integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112823. [PMID: 35334426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a prevalent respiratory disease. Aiming at assessing the effect of total saponins from American ginseng on COPD, both the chemical composition and anti-COPD activity of total saponins from wild-simulated American ginseng (TSW) and field-grown American ginseng (TSF) were investigated in this study. Firstly, a HPLC-ELSD chromatographic method was established to simultaneously determine the contents of 22 saponins in TSW and TSF. Secondly, CS-induced COPD mouse model was established to evaluate the activity of TSW and TSF. The results indicated that both TSW and TSF had the protective effect against COPD by alleviating oxidative stress and inflammatory response. TSW showed a stronger effect than TSF. Thirdly, an integrated approach involving metabolomics and network pharmacology was used to construct the "biomarker-reaction-enzyme-target" correlation network aiming at further exploring the observed effects. As the results, 15 biomarkers, 9 targets and 5 pathways were identified to play vital roles in the treatment of TSW and TSF on COPD. Fourthly, based on network pharmacology and the CS-stimulated A549 cell model, ginsenoside Rgl, Rc, oleanolic acid, notoginsenoside R1, Fe, silphioside B were certified to be the material basis for the stronger effect of TSW than TSF. Finally, the molecular docking were performed to visualize the binding modes. Our findings suggested that both TSW and TSF could effectively ameliorate the progression of COPD and might be used for the treatment of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiang Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Hui Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yunhe Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Luying Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shanmei He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhuoqiao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Fang Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Li LY, Zhang CT, Zhu FY, Zheng G, Liu YF, Liu K, Zhang CH, Zhang H. Potential Natural Small Molecular Compounds for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: An Overview. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821941. [PMID: 35401201 PMCID: PMC8988065 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the major diseases threatening human life and health. According to the report released by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020, COPD has become the third leading cause of death in the world, featuring a sustainable growth of incidence rate as well as population age. The purpose of this review focuses on the advancement of bioactive natural compounds, such as baicalin, quercetin, resveratrol, and curcumin, which demonstrate promising therapeutic/interventional effects on CODP in vitro and in vivo. Information emphasizing on COPD was systematically collected from several authoritative internet databases including Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, and Europe PMC, with a combination of keywords containing “COPD” and “natural small molecular compounds”. The new evidence indicated that these valuable molecules featured unique functions in the treatment of COPD through various biological processes such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptosis, and anti-airway fibrosis. Moreover, we found that the promising effects of these natural compounds on COPD were mainly achieved through JAK3/STAT3/NF-κB and MAPK inflammatory signaling pathways, Nrf2 oxidative stress signaling pathway, and TGF-β1/Smad 2/3 fibrosis signaling pathway, which referenced to multiple targets like TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, TIMP-1, MMP, AKT, JAK3, IKK, PI3K, HO-1, MAPK, P38, ERK, etc. Current challenges and future directions in this promising field are also discussed at the end of this review. For the convenience of the readers, this review is divided into ten parts according to the structures of potential natural small molecular compounds. We hope that this review brings a quick look and provides some inspiration for the research of COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Ying Li
- Department of Heart Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Chuan-Tao Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Ya Zhu
- Department of Heart Disease of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Yu-Fei Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, China
| | - Chen-Hui Zhang
- Department of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chen-Hui Zhang, ; Hong Zhang,
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Combine Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Chen-Hui Zhang, ; Hong Zhang,
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22
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Zhang W, Wang C, Hu X, Lian Y, Ding C, Ming L. Inhibition of LDHA suppresses cell proliferation and increases mitochondrial apoptosis via the JNK signaling pathway in cervical cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2022; 47:77. [PMID: 35191522 PMCID: PMC8892607 DOI: 10.3892/or.2022.8288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Warburg effect or aerobic glycolysis is a hallmark of cancer. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), which catalyzes conversion of pyruvate into lactate, serves a critical role during Warburg effect. LDH A chain (LDHA), a member of the LDH family, is upregulated in multiple types of cancer and serves a vital role in tumor growth and progression. However, its expression and function in cervical cancer has not been characterized. The present study evaluated LDHA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas database and found that LDHA was upregulated in cervical cancer compared with normal tissue. To clarify the role of LDHA in cervical cancer HeLa and SiHa cells, lentiviral shRNA was used to stably knockdown LDHA and oxamate, a small-molecule inhibitor of LDHA, was used to inhibit the activity of LDHA. Glucose uptake assay, lactate production measurement and ATP detection assay demonstrated LDHA inhibition notably decreased glucose consumption, lactate production and ATP levels in both HeLa and SiHa cells. Furthermore, the effect of LDHA inhibition on cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis was investigated by MTT, BrdU incorporation, colony formation assay, flow cytometry and western blotting; LDHA knockdown or oxamate treatment led to decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. Inhibition of LDHA induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and activated the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Mechanistically, the JNK signaling pathway was key for LDHA inhibition-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Collectively, these results indicated that LDHA was involved in cervical cancer pathogenesis and may be a promising therapeutic target for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Cui Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Yanzhen Lian
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R China
| | - Caili Ding
- Zhengzhou Hang Gang Ding Shi Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Liang Ming
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, P.R Chin
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