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Cao H, Zhou X, Xu B, Hu H, Guo J, Wang M, Li N, Jun Z. Advances in the study of mitophagy in osteoarthritis. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2024; 25:197-211. [PMID: 38453635 PMCID: PMC10918408 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2300402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, and subchondral bone remodeling, is among the most common musculoskeletal disorders globally in people over 60 years of age. The initiation and progression of OA involves the abnormal metabolism of chondrocytes as an important pathogenic process. Cartilage degeneration features mitochondrial dysfunction as one of the important causative factors of abnormal chondrocyte metabolism. Therefore, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is an important strategy to mitigate OA. Mitophagy is a vital process for autophagosomes to target, engulf, and remove damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria, thereby maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Cumulative studies have revealed a strong association between mitophagy and OA, suggesting that the regulation of mitophagy may be a novel therapeutic direction for OA. By reviewing the literature on mitophagy and OA published in recent years, this paper elaborates the potential mechanism of mitophagy regulating OA, thus providing a theoretical basis for studies related to mitophagy to develop new treatment options for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cao
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuchang Zhou
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
- School of Sport Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bowen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Han Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Nan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Zou Jun
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Hu Z, Li Y, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Long C, Yang Q, Yang M. Metabolic changes in fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis: state of the art review. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1250884. [PMID: 38482018 PMCID: PMC10933078 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1250884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are important components of the synovial membrane. They can contribute to joint damage through crosstalk with inflammatory cells and direct actions on tissue damage pathways in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Recent evidence suggests that, compared with FLS in normal synovial tissue, FLS in RA synovial tissue exhibits significant differences in metabolism. Recent metabolomic studies have demonstrated that metabolic changes, including those in glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolism, exist before synovitis onset. These changes may be a result of increased biosynthesis and energy requirements during the early phases of the disease. Activated T cells and some cytokines contribute to the conversion of FLS into cells with metabolic abnormalities and pro-inflammatory phenotypes. This conversion may be one of the potential mechanisms behind altered FLS metabolism. Targeting metabolism can inhibit FLS proliferation, providing relief to patients with RA. In this review, we aimed to summarize the evidence of metabolic changes in FLS in RA, analyze the mechanisms of these metabolic alterations, and assess their effect on RA phenotype. Finally, we aimed to summarize the advances and challenges faced in targeting FLS metabolism as a promising therapeutic strategy for RA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Qiyue Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Maoyi Yang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Hong Z, Wang H, Zhang T, Xu L, Zhai Y, Zhang X, Zhang F, Zhang L. The HIF-1/ BNIP3 pathway mediates mitophagy to inhibit the pyroptosis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 127:111378. [PMID: 38141408 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial hypoxia, a critical pathological characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), significantly contributes to synovitis and synovial hyperplasia. In response to hypoxic conditions, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) undergo adaptive changes involving gene expression modulation, with hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) playing a pivotal role. The regulation of BCL2/adenovirus e1B 19 kDa protein interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) and nucleotide-binding oligomerization segment-like receptor family 3 (NLRP3) expression has been demonstrated to be regulated by HIF-1. The objective of this study was to examine the molecular mechanism that contributes to the aberrant activation of FLS in response to hypoxia. Specifically, the interaction between BNIP3-mediated mitophagy and NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis was conjointly highlighted. METHODS The research methodology employed Western blot and immunohistochemistry techniques to identify the occurrence of mitophagy in synovial tissue affected by RA. Additionally, the levels of mitophagy under hypoxic conditions were assessed using Western blot, immunofluorescence, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and CUT&Tag assays. Pyroptosis was observed through electron microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, and Western blot analysis. Furthermore, the quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured. The silencing of HIF-1α and BNIP3 was achieved through the transfection of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) into cells. RESULTS In the present study, a noteworthy increase in the expression of BNIP3 and LC3B was observed in the synovial tissue of patients with RA. Upon exposure to hypoxia, FLS of RA exhibited BNIP3-mediated mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. It appears that hypoxia regulates the expression of BNIP3 and NLRP3 through the transcription factor HIF-1. Additionally, the activation of mitophagy has been observed to effectively inhibit hypoxia-induced pyroptosis by reducing the intracellular levels of ROS. CONCLUSION In summary, the activation of FLS in RA patients under hypoxic conditions involves both BNIP3-mediated mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. Additionally, mitophagy can suppress hypoxia-induced FLS pyroptosis by eliminating ROS and inhibiting the HIF-1α/NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyang Hong
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated the Jianhu People's Hospital, Yancheng 224700, China; Central Laboratory, Affiliated the Jianhu People's Hospital, Yancheng 224700, China
| | - Han Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tianjing Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Li Xu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuanfang Zhai
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xianzheng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated the Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang 236000, China.
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
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Koroth J, Chitwood C, Kumar R, Lin WH, Reves BT, Boyce T, Reineke TM, Ellingson AM, Johnson CP, Stone LS, Chaffin KC, Simha NK, Ogle BM, Bradley EW. Identification of a novel, MSC-induced macrophage subtype via single-cell sequencing: implications for intervertebral disc degeneration therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1286011. [PMID: 38274272 PMCID: PMC10808728 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1286011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common pathological condition associated with low back pain. Recent evidence suggests that mesenchymal signaling cells (MSCs) promote IVD regeneration, but underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. One postulated mechanism is via modulation of macrophage phenotypes. In this manuscript, we tested the hypothesis that MSCs produce trophic factors that alter macrophage subsets. To this end, we collected conditioned medium from human, bone marrow-derived STRO3+ MSCs. We then cultured human bone marrow-derived macrophages in MSC conditioned medium (CM) and performed single cell RNA-sequencing. Comparative analyses between macrophages cultured in hypoxic and normoxic MSC CM showed large overlap between macrophage subsets; however, we identified a unique hypoxic MSC CM-induced macrophage cluster. To determine if factors from MSC CM simulated effects of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4, we integrated the data from macrophages cultured in hypoxic MSC CM with and without IL-4 addition. Integration of these data sets showed considerable overlap, demonstrating that hypoxic MSC CM simulates the effects of IL-4. Interestingly, macrophages cultured in normoxic MSC CM in the absence of IL-4 did not significantly contribute to the unique cluster within our comparison analyses and showed differential TGF-β signaling; thus, normoxic conditions did not approximate IL-4. In addition, TGF-β neutralization partially limited the effects of MSC CM. In conclusion, our study identified a unique macrophage subset induced by MSCs within hypoxic conditions and supports that MSCs alter macrophage phenotypes through TGF-β-dependent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsha Koroth
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Casey Chitwood
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ramya Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Wei-Han Lin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Arin M. Ellingson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Casey P. Johnson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States
- Center for Magnetic Resonance Research, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Laura S. Stone
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Brenda M. Ogle
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Elizabeth W. Bradley
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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Ran D, Yan W, Yanhong B, Hong W. Geniposide augments apoptosis in fibroblast-like synoviocytes by restoring hypoxia-enhanced JNK-BNIP3-mediated autophagy. Inflamm Res 2023; 72:1745-1760. [PMID: 37624402 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-023-01782-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As the main effector cells of chronic inflammation and hyperplasia of synovium, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) show abnormal proliferation and insufficient apoptosis in the hypoxic microenvironment, which is due to the increase of BNIP3-mediated autophagy. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of geniposide (GE) on hypoxia-induced hyper-proliferative FLSs with a focus on autophagy and the JNK-BNIP3 pathway. METHODS The dynamic changes of autophagy, apoptosis, and hypoxia-related proteins in adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial state of FLSs were detected by CCK-8, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. Western blot, qRT-PCR, and co-immunoprecipitation were used to detect the expression of the JNK-BNIP3 pathway. RESULTS The excessive accumulation of BNIP3 in the synovium of AA rats was accompanied by inhibition of apoptosis and an increase in autophagy. GE inhibited the expression of BNIP3, enhanced apoptosis, decreased autophagy, and improved chronic inflammation and hyperplasia of synovium. The amount of autophagy under different oxygen concentrations was the key to mediating the different survival rates of FLSs, and the inhibition of autophagy triggered apoptosis. GE suppressed the proliferation of FLSs and down-regulated autophagy, leading to the accumulation of ROS and the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, induced the increase of apoptosis, and suppressed the accumulation of BNIP3 and the hyperphosphorylation of JNK. CONCLUSION GE inhibited autophagy by restoring the hypoxia-induced activated JNK-BNIP3 pathway, inducing mitochondrial oxidative damage, augmented apoptosis, and decreased survival rate of FLSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Ran
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Wang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Developmentof Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Bu Yanhong
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Developmentof Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China
| | - Wu Hong
- Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230012, China.
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Qian Jiang Road 1, Hefei, 230012, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research &, Developmentof Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
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Jing W, Liu C, Su C, Liu L, Chen P, Li X, Zhang X, Yuan B, Wang H, Du X. Role of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage in rheumatoid arthritis and targeted drugs. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1107670. [PMID: 36845127 PMCID: PMC9948260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1107670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by synovial inflammation, pannus formation, and bone and cartilage damage. It has a high disability rate. The hypoxic microenvironment of RA joints can cause reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and mitochondrial damage, which not only affect the metabolic processes of immune cells and pathological changes in fibroblastic synovial cells but also upregulate the expression of several inflammatory pathways, ultimately promoting inflammation. Additionally, ROS and mitochondrial damage are involved in angiogenesis and bone destruction, thereby accelerating RA progression. In this review, we highlighted the effects of ROS accumulation and mitochondrial damage on inflammatory response, angiogenesis, bone and cartilage damage in RA. Additionally, we summarized therapies that target ROS or mitochondria to relieve RA symptoms and discuss the gaps in research and existing controversies, hoping to provide new ideas for research in this area and insights for targeted drug development in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyao Jing
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Cui Liu
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenghong Su
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Limei Liu
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- Department of Rheumatic and Bone Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Rheumatic and Bone Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xinghua Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Acupuncture and Pain, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Haidong Wang
- Department of Rheumatic and Bone Disease, Gansu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Haidong Wang, ; Xiaozheng Du,
| | - Xiaozheng Du
- Department of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China,*Correspondence: Haidong Wang, ; Xiaozheng Du,
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Zhu Y, Liu L, Chu L, Lan J, Wei J, Li W, Xue C. Microscopic polyangiitis plasma-derived exosomal miR-1287-5p induces endothelial inflammatory injury and neutrophil adhesion by targeting CBL. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14579. [PMID: 36726727 PMCID: PMC9885867 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An inflammatory environment around the vessel wall caused by leukocyte infiltration is one of the characteristic histopathological features of microscopic polyangiitis (MPA); however, the pathogenic mechanisms are not fully understood. Studies have found that circulating microRNA (miRNA) can be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and classification of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV), and the E3 ubiquitin ligase casitas B-lineage lymphoma (CBL) seems to be associated with inflammation. In addition, evidence indicates that miRNA can be tracked into exosomes and transferred into recipient cells to mediate the process of vascular endothelial injury. Herein, we aimed to identify the profiles of exosomal miRNA, and determine the effect of exosomal miR-1287-5p and its target gene CBL on vascular endothelial cells in MPA. Method We isolated plasma exosomes from patients with MPA (MPA-exo) and healthy controls (HC-exo) by ultracentrifugation and conducted exosome small-RNA sequencing to screen differential miRNA expression in MPA-exo (n = 3) compared to HC-exo (n = 3). We measured the expression levels of miR-1303, miR-1287-5p, and miR-129-1-3p using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR, n = 6) and performed dual luciferase reporter gene assays to confirm the downstream target gene of miR-1287-5p. In addition, we treated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) with MPA-exo, or transfected them with miR-1287-5p mimic/inhibitor or with CBL-siRNA/CBL-siRNA+ miR-1287-5p inhibitor. After cell culture, we evaluated the effects on vascular endothelial cells by examining the mRNA levels of IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, ICAM-1 and E-selectin using qRT-PCR and performed neutrophil adhesion assay with haematoxylin staining. Result Transmission electron microscopy, Western blot and nanoparticle tracking analysis showed that we successfully purified exosomes and MPA-exo could be absorbed into HUVEC. We screened a total of 1,077 miRNA by sequencing and observed a high abundance of miR-1287-5p in the exosomes obtained from MPA plasma. The dual luciferase reporter assay identified CBL as a downstream target gene of miR-1287-5p, and the results revealed that MPA-exo decreased CBL protein expression in HUVEC. In addition, treatment with MPA-exo, up-regulating miR-1287-5p or silencing of CBL in HUVEC significantly increased the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors (including IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1) and adhesion molecules (including ICAM-1 and E-selection) and promoted the adhesion of neutrophils to HUVEC. However, down-regulating miR-1287-5p had the opposite effect. Conclusion Our study revealed that MPA-exo was involved in the intercellular transfer of miR-1287-5p and subsequently promote the development of acute endothelial injury in MPA. MiR-1287-5p and CBL agonists may be promising therapeutic approach for MPA-induced vascular inflammatory injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China,The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Nephrology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Liu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liepeng Chu
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingjing Lan
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jingsi Wei
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Chao Xue
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
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Secretory phosphoprotein 1 secreted by fibroblast-like synoviocytes promotes osteoclasts formation via PI3K/AKT signaling in collagen-induced arthritis. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 155:113687. [PMID: 36088855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial tissue hyperplasia is a major cause of bone damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Over-proliferation and secretion of cytokines of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) are key contributors to bone damage in the joint microenvironment. Therefore, inhibition of FLSs-mediated bone damage is of great significance in RA patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which FLSs-mediated bone damage in the joint microenvironment. The results of whole transcriptome sequencing showed that Spp1 gene expression was significantly upregulated in collagen-induced arthritis FLSs compared to Normal FLSs. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed up-regulated Spp1 gene expression, associated with PI3K/AKT signaling. Animal and cellular experiments were designed to validate and explore the results of sequencing. Briefly, the data demonstrated secretory phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) (encoded by Spp1 gene) secreted by FLSs promotes osteoclasts differentiation in vivo and in vitro and exacerbates articular bone damage in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Interestingly, SPP1 secreted by FLSs does not affect its own proliferation and apoptosis. The results of co-culture of FLSs with bone marrow-derived monocytes indicated the level of SPP1 secreted by FLSs positively correlates with the frequency of p-PI3K+PI3K+ osteoclasts, whereas not with the frequency of p-AKT+AKT+ osteoclasts. This may suggest that SPP1 secreted by FLSs acts directly on PI3K while indirectly on AKT. Together, the results revealed SPP1 secreted by FLSs promotes osteoclasts formation via PI3K/AKT signaling in collagen-induced arthritis. Regulation of Spp1 gene expression in FLSs may be a potential approach to treat RA bone damage in the joint microenvironment.
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Ke JT, Zhang H, Bu YH, Gan PR, Chen FY, Dong XT, Wang Y, Wu H. Metabonomic analysis of abnormal sphingolipid metabolism in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts in hypoxia microenvironment and intervention of geniposide. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:969408. [PMID: 35935818 PMCID: PMC9353937 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.969408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by a joint hypoxia microenvironment. Our previous untargeted metabolomics study found that sphingolipid (SPL) metabolism was abnormal in the joint synovial fluid samples from adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats. Geniposide (GE), an iridoid glycoside component of the dried fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, is commonly used for RA treatment in many Asian countries. At present, the mechanism of GE in the treatment of RA, especially in the joint hypoxia microenvironment, is not entirely clear from the perspective of SPL metabolism. The purpose of this research was to explore the potential mechanism of abnormal SPL metabolism in RA joint hypoxia microenvironment and the intervention effect of GE, through the untargeted metabolic analysis based on the ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). Arthritis index, foot swelling and histopathology were used to assess whether the AA rat model was successfully established. The SPLs extracts collected from AA rats’ synovial tissue, serum and rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs, MH7A cells, hypoxia/normoxia culture) were analyzed by metabolomics and lipdomics approach based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS, to identify potential biomarkers associated with disorders of GE regulated RA sphingolipid metabolism. As a result, 11 sphingolipid metabolites related to RA were screened and identified. Except for galactosylceramide (d18:1/20:0), GE could recover the change levels of the above 10 sphingolipid biomarkers in varying degrees. Western blotting results showed that the changes in ceramide (Cer) level regulated by GE were related to the down-regulation of acid-sphingomyelinase (A-SMase) expression in synovial tissue of AA rats. To sum up, this research examined the mechanism of GE in the treatment of RA from the perspective of SPL metabolism and provided a new strategy for the screening of biomarkers for clinical diagnosis of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Tao Ke
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Yan-Hong Bu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Pei-Rong Gan
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Fang-Yuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Xin-Tong Dong
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Wang, ; Hong Wu,
| | - Hong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
- College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Yan Wang, ; Hong Wu,
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