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Xia X, Qu R. The Roles of RNA N6-methyladenosine Modifications in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01464-w. [PMID: 39095568 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01464-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most widespread RNA internal modification involved in RNA metabolism. M6A regulators consist of writers, erasers and readers. They exert their function by methylation, demethylation and recognization respectively, participating in cell biology and immune responses. Previously, the focus of m6A modification is its effect on tumor progress. Currently, extensive m6A-related studies have been performed in autoimmune diseases, such as RA, IBD and SLE, revealing that the unique influence of m6A modification in autoimmunity is undeniable. In this review, we summarize the function of m6A regulators, analyze their roles in pathogenic immune cells, summarize the m6A modification in SLE, and provide the potential m6A-targeting therapies for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xia
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Rui Qu
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China.
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Chen Y, Liu M, Lu M, Luo L, Han Z, Liu X. Exploring the impact of m 6A modification on immune diseases: mechanisms and therapeutic implication. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1387582. [PMID: 39072324 PMCID: PMC11272477 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1387582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a chemical modification of RNA and has become a widely discussed topic among scientific researchers in recent years. It is distributed in various organisms, including eukaryotes and bacteria. It has been found that m6A is composed of writers, erasers and readers and is involved in biological functions such as splicing, transport and translation of RNA. The balance of the human immune microenvironment is important for human health abnormalities. Increasing studies have found that m6A affects the development of immune diseases such as inflammatory enteritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by participating in the homeostatic regulation of the immune microenvironment in vivo. In this manuscript, we introduce the composition, biological function, regulation of m6A in the immune microenvironment and its progression in various immune diseases, providing new targets and directions for the treatment of immune diseases in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Chen
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Miao Lu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linling Luo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongyu Han
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xide Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Deng Y, Zhou J, Li HB. The physiological and pathological roles of RNA modifications in T cells. Cell Chem Biol 2024:S2451-9456(24)00222-8. [PMID: 38986618 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
RNA molecules undergo dynamic chemical modifications in response to various external or cellular stimuli. Some of those modifications have been demonstrated to post-transcriptionally modulate the RNA transcription, localization, stability, translation, and degradation, ultimately tuning the fate decisions and function of mammalian cells, particularly T cells. As a crucial part of adaptive immunity, T cells play fundamental roles in defending against infections and tumor cells. Recent findings have illuminated the importance of RNA modifications in modulating T cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and functional activities. Therefore, understanding the epi-transcriptomic control of T cell biology enables a potential avenue for manipulating T cell immunity. This review aims to elucidate the physiological and pathological roles of internal RNA modifications in T cell development, differentiation, and functionality drawn from current literature, with the goal of inspiring new insights for future investigations and providing novel prospects for T cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hua-Bing Li
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine-Yale Institute for Immune Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Chongqing International Institute for Immunology, Chongqing 401320, China.
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Li Y, Jin H, Li Q, Shi L, Mao Y, Zhao L. The role of RNA methylation in tumor immunity and its potential in immunotherapy. Mol Cancer 2024; 23:130. [PMID: 38902779 PMCID: PMC11188252 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-024-02041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA methylation, a prevalent post-transcriptional modification, has garnered considerable attention in research circles. It exerts regulatory control over diverse biological functions by modulating RNA splicing, translation, transport, and stability. Notably, studies have illuminated the substantial impact of RNA methylation on tumor immunity. The primary types of RNA methylation encompass N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), N1-methyladenosine (m1A), and N7-methylguanosine (m7G), and 3-methylcytidine (m3C). Compelling evidence underscores the involvement of RNA methylation in regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). By affecting RNA translation and stability through the "writers", "erasers" and "readers", RNA methylation exerts influence over the dysregulation of immune cells and immune factors. Consequently, RNA methylation plays a pivotal role in modulating tumor immunity and mediating various biological behaviors, encompassing proliferation, invasion, metastasis, etc. In this review, we discussed the mechanisms and functions of several RNA methylations, providing a comprehensive overview of their biological roles and underlying mechanisms within the tumor microenvironment and among immunocytes. By exploring how these RNA modifications mediate tumor immune evasion, we also examine their potential applications in immunotherapy. This review aims to provide novel insights and strategies for identifying novel targets in RNA methylation and advancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haoer Jin
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qingling Li
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liangrong Shi
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yitao Mao
- Department of Radiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Luqing Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Wang Y, Liu Q, Deng L, Ma X, Gong Y, Wang Y, Zhou F. The roles of epigenetic regulation in graft-versus-host disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116652. [PMID: 38692061 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (aHSCT) is utilized as a potential curative treatment for various hematologic malignancies. However, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) post-aHSCT is a severe complication that significantly impacts patients' quality of life and overall survival, becoming a major cause of non-relapse mortality. In recent years, the association between epigenetics and GVHD has garnered increasing attention. Epigenetics focuses on studying mechanisms that affect gene expression without altering DNA sequences, primarily including DNA methylation, histone modifications, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) regulation, and RNA modifications. This review summarizes the role of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of GVHD, with a focus on DNA methylation, histone modifications, ncRNA, RNA modifications and their involvement and applications in the occurrence and development of GVHD. It also highlights advancements in relevant diagnostic markers and drugs, aiming to provide new insights for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimin Wang
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The First Clinical Medical School, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Department of Hematology, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China
| | - Xiting Ma
- School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yuling Gong
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
| | - Fang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the 960th Hospital of the People's Liberation Army Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, China.
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Tian Y, Tao K, Li S, Chen X, Wang R, Zhang M, Zhai Z. Identification of m6A-Related Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Bioinformation-Based Analysis. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:507-526. [PMID: 38298525 PMCID: PMC10829513 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s439779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE), a prototypical autoimmune disorder, presents a challenge due to the absence of reliable biomarkers for discerning organ-specific damage within SLE. A growing body of evidence underscores the pivotal involvement of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) in the etiology of autoimmune conditions. Methods The datasets, which primarily encompassed the expression profiles of m6A regulatory genes, were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository. The optimal model, selected from either Random Forest (RF) or Support Vector Machine (SVM), was employed for the development of a predictive nomogram model. To identify pivotal genes associated with SLE, a comprehensive screening process was conducted utilizing LASSO, SVM-RFE, and RF techniques. Within the realm of SLE susceptibility, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) was harnessed to delineate relevant modules and hub genes. Additionally, MeRIP-qPCR assays were performed to elucidate key genes correlated with m6A targets. Furthermore, a Mendelian randomization study was conducted based on genome-wide association studies to assess the causative influence of MMP9 on ischemic stroke (IS), which is not only a severe cerebrovascular event but also a common complication of SLE. Results Twelve m6A regulatory genes was identified, demonstrating statistical significance (p < 0.05) and utilized for constructing a nomogram model using the RF algorithm. EPSTI1, USP18, HP, and MMP9, as the hub genes, were identified. MMP9 uniquely correlates with m6A modification and was causally linked to an increased risk of IS, as indicated by our inverse variance weighting analysis showing an odds ratio of 1.0134 (95% CI=1.0004-1.0266, p = 0.0440). Conclusion Our study identified twelve m6A regulators, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms underlying SLE risk genes. Importantly, our analysis established a causal relationship between MMP9, a key m6A-related gene, and ischemic stroke, a common complication of SLE, thereby providing critical insights for presymptomatic diagnostic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tian
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kang Tao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shifei Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rupeng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhifang Zhai
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Yu Y, Liang C, Wang X, Shi Y, Shen L. The potential role of RNA modification in skin diseases, as well as the recent advances in its detection methods and therapeutic agents. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115524. [PMID: 37722194 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA modification is considered as an epigenetic modification that plays an indispensable role in biological processes such as gene expression and genome editing without altering nucleotide sequence, but the molecular mechanism of RNA modification has not been discussed systematically in the development of skin diseases. This article mainly presents the whole picture of theoretical achievements on the potential role of RNA modification in dermatology. Furthermore, this article summarizes the latest advances in clinical practice related with RNA modification, including its detection methods and drug development. Based on this comprehensive review, we aim to illustrate the current blind spots and future directions of RNA modification, which may provide new insights for researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Institute of Psoriasis, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Department of Dermatology, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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