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Patel R, Adhikari MS, Tripathi SK, Sahu S. Design, Optimization and Performance Assessment of Single Port Film Bulk Acoustic Resonator through Finite Element Simulation. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8920. [PMID: 37960619 PMCID: PMC10648268 DOI: 10.3390/s23218920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the study is supported by design, FEA simulation, and practical RF measurements on fabricated single-port-cavity-based acoustic resonator for gas sensing applications. In the FEA simulation, frequency domain analysis was performed to enhance the performance of the acoustic resonator. The structural and surface morphologies of the deposited ZnO as a piezoelectric layer have been studied using XRD and AFM. The XRD pattern of deposited bulk ZnO film indicates the perfect single crystalline nature of the film with dominant phase (002) at 2θ = 34.58°. The AFM micrograph indicates that deposited piezoelectric film has a very smooth surface and small grain size. In the fabrication process, use of bulk micro machined oxide (SiO2) for the production of a thin membrane as a support layer is adopted. A vector network analyzer (Model MS2028C, Anritsu) was used to measure the radio frequency response of the resonators from 1 GHz to 2.5 GHz. As a result, we have successfully fabricated an acoustic resonator operating at 1.84 GHz with a quality factor Q of 214 and an effective electromechanical coupling coefficient of 10.57%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Patel
- School of Electronics Engineering (SENSE), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai 600127, India;
| | - Manoj Singh Adhikari
- School of Electronics & Electrical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India;
| | | | - Sourabh Sahu
- Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Gyan Ganga Institute of Technology and Sciences, Jabalpur 482003, India
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Yang Y, Dejous C, Hallil H. Trends and Applications of Surface and Bulk Acoustic Wave Devices: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 14:mi14010043. [PMID: 36677104 PMCID: PMC9864654 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The past few decades have witnessed the ultra-fast development of wireless telecommunication systems, such as mobile communication, global positioning, and data transmission systems. In these applications, radio frequency (RF) acoustic devices, such as bulk acoustic waves (BAW) and surface acoustic waves (SAW) devices, play an important role. As the integration technology of BAW and SAW devices is becoming more mature day by day, their application in the physical and biochemical sensing and actuating fields has also gradually expanded. This has led to a profusion of associated literature, and this article particularly aims to help young professionals and students obtain a comprehensive overview of such acoustic technologies. In this perspective, we report and discuss the key basic principles of SAW and BAW devices and their typical geometries and electrical characterization methodology. Regarding BAW devices, we give particular attention to film bulk acoustic resonators (FBARs), due to their advantages in terms of high frequency operation and integrability. Examples illustrating their application as RF filters, physical sensors and actuators, and biochemical sensors are presented. We then discuss recent promising studies that pave the way for the exploitation of these elastic wave devices for new applications that fit into current challenges, especially in quantum acoustics (single-electron probe/control and coherent coupling between magnons and phonons) or in other fields.
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Nair MP, Teo AJT, Li KHH. Acoustic Biosensors and Microfluidic Devices in the Decennium: Principles and Applications. MICROMACHINES 2021; 13:24. [PMID: 35056189 PMCID: PMC8779171 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip (LOC) technology has gained primary attention in the past decade, where label-free biosensors and microfluidic actuation platforms are integrated to realize such LOC devices. Among the multitude of technologies that enables the successful integration of these two features, the piezoelectric acoustic wave method is best suited for handling biological samples due to biocompatibility, label-free and non-invasive properties. In this review paper, we present a study on the use of acoustic waves generated by piezoelectric materials in the area of label-free biosensors and microfluidic actuation towards the realization of LOC and POC devices. The categorization of acoustic wave technology into the bulk acoustic wave and surface acoustic wave has been considered with the inclusion of biological sample sensing and manipulation applications. This paper presents an approach with a comprehensive study on the fundamental operating principles of acoustic waves in biosensing and microfluidic actuation, acoustic wave modes suitable for sensing and actuation, piezoelectric materials used for acoustic wave generation, fabrication methods, and challenges in the use of acoustic wave modes in biosensing. Recent developments in the past decade, in various sensing potentialities of acoustic waves in a myriad of applications, including sensing of proteins, disease biomarkers, DNA, pathogenic microorganisms, acoustofluidic manipulation, and the sorting of biological samples such as cells, have been given primary focus. An insight into the future perspectives of real-time, label-free, and portable LOC devices utilizing acoustic waves is also presented. The developments in the field of thin-film piezoelectric materials, with the possibility of integrating sensing and actuation on a single platform utilizing the reversible property of smart piezoelectric materials, provide a step forward in the realization of monolithic integrated LOC and POC devices. Finally, the present paper highlights the key benefits and challenges in terms of commercialization, in the field of acoustic wave-based biosensors and actuation platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - King Ho Holden Li
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (M.P.N.); (A.J.T.T.)
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Wei X, Xue Y, Wan H, Wang P. Recent advances in acoustic wave biosensors for the detection of disease-related biomarkers: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1164:338321. [PMID: 33992219 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the past several decades, acoustic wave biosensors, as an emerging kind of biosensors, have been developed and widely used for the detection of mass, viscosity, conductivity and density. Varieties of applications have been explored such as medical diagnosis, drug screening, environmental monitoring, food analysis and biochemical assay. Among them, the detection of disease-related biomarkers based on acoustic sensors has aroused great research interest all over the world. In this review, the classification and characteristics of acoustic wave biosensors are briefly introduced. Then, some classical studies and recent advances in disease-related biomarker detection utilizing these biosensors are summarized and detailed, respectively. Here, the disease-related biomarkers mainly include antigens, small molecular proteins, cancer cells, viruses and VOCs. Finally, challenges and future trends of these typical acoustic wave biosensors are discussed. Compared with other reviews of acoustic wave sensors, this review highlights the great potential of typical acoustic wave biosensors for early disease screening and diagnosis compared with widely-used medical imaging. Moreover, they are integrated with other technologies for the design of multi-analyte, multi-parameter and intelligent devices, collecting more comprehensive information from biomarkers. This review provides a new perspective on the applications and optimization of acoustic wave biosensors to develop more reliable platforms for disease-related biomarker detection and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Zhang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xinwei Wei
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yingying Xue
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Hao Wan
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Biosensor National Special Laboratory, Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Education Ministry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200050, China.
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Farzin L, Sadjadi S, Shamsipur M, Chabok A, Sheibani S. A sandwich-type electrochemical aptasensor for determination of MUC 1 tumor marker based on PSMA-capped PFBT dots platform and high conductive rGO-N′,N′ -dihydroxymalonimidamide/thionine nanocomposite as a signal tag. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Yu T, Zhang H, Huang Z, Luo Z, Huang N, Ding S, Feng W. A Simple Electrochemical Aptamer Cytosensor for Direct Detection of Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia K562 Cells. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Zhenglan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Zhenhong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Ningshu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Shijia Ding
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Wenli Feng
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine; Chongqing Medical University; Chongqing 400016 China
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