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Ma X, Wang N. Open-circuit voltage deficits in Tin-based perovskite solar cells. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2024; 36:393002. [PMID: 38906134 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ad5ad0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The power conversion efficiency of Pb-based single-junction perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has surpassed 26%; however, the biocompatibility concerns associated with Pb pose threats to both the environment and living organisms. Consequently, the development of Pb-free PSCs is imperative. Among the various alternatives to Pb-based PSCs, Sn-based PSCs have exhibited outstanding optoelectronic properties, showing great potential for large-scale manufacturing and commercialization. Nevertheless, there remains a significant efficiency gap between Sn-based and Pb-based PSCs. The disparity primarily stems from substantial open-circuit voltage (VOC) deficits in Sn-based PSCs, typically ranging from 0.4 to 0.6 V. The main reason ofVOCdeficits is severe non-radiative recombination losses, which are caused by the uncontrolled crystallization kinetics of Sn halide perovskites and the spontaneous oxidation of Sn2+. This review summarizes the reasons forVOCdeficits in Sn-based PSCs, and the corresponding strategies to mitigate these issues. Additionally, it outlines the persistent challenges and future prospects for Sn-based PSCs, providing guidance to assist researchers in developing more efficient and stable Sn-based perovskites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Ma
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
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Zhu M, Cao G, Zhou Z. Recent progress toward highly efficient tin‐based perovskite (ASnX3) solar cells. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhe Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Guorui Cao
- College of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P. R. China
| | - Zhongmin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P. R. China
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Li S, Zhu X, Wang B, Qiao Y, Liu W, Yang H, Liu N, Chen M, Lu H, Yang Y. Influence of Ag Nanoparticles with Different Sizes and Concentrations Embedded in a TiO 2 Compact Layer on the Conversion Efficiency of Perovskite Solar Cells. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2018; 13:210. [PMID: 30006811 PMCID: PMC6045524 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-018-2626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Ag nanoparticles with diverse particle size and concentration, fabricated via the polyol method, were embedded in a TiO2 compact film to improve the power conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells. Obtained results showed that Ag nanoparticles embedded in the TiO2 compact film do not affect the crystal structure of TiO2, while the size of the Ag nanoparticles can strongly influence the light absorption capacity of perovskite materials. However, the absorption intensity and power conversion efficiency of perovskite cells decreased with the increase in size of Ag nanoparticles. The amount of Ag nanoparticles was also an important factor for the performance of perovskite solar cells, and Ag nanoparticles in the compact layer were optimized to measure 10 nm in diameter, being embedded at a molar ratio of 1.5% (Ag:Ti = 1.5 mol%). Compared with hole-conductor-free perovskite solar cells that use carbon as counter electrodes, without Ag nanoparticles incorporated in the compact film, the enhanced efficiency of cells developed in this study can be mainly ascribed to the accelerated charge transfer, decreased charge recombination, and enhanced light absorption of the perovskite material in the visible region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Li
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Xiangyu Zhu
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Bao Wang
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yu Qiao
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Nan Liu
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Mengwei Chen
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Haifei Lu
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
| | - Yingping Yang
- School of Science, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070 China
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Liang L, Gao P. Lead-Free Hybrid Perovskite Absorbers for Viable Application: Can We Eat the Cake and Have It too? ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1700331. [PMID: 29610719 PMCID: PMC5827473 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Many years since the booming of research on perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the hybrid perovskite materials developed for photovoltaic application form three main categories since 2009: (i) high-performance unstable lead-containing perovskites, (ii) low-performance lead-free perovskites, and (iii) moderate performance and stable lead-containing perovskites. The search for alternative materials to replace lead leads to the second group of perovskite materials. To date, a number of these compounds have been synthesized and applied in photovoltaic devices. Here, lead-free hybrid light absorbers used in PV devices are focused and their recent developments in related solar cell applications are reviewed comprehensively. In the first part, group 14 metals (Sn and Ge)-based perovskites are introduced with more emphasis on the optimization of Sn-based PSCs. Then concerns on halide hybrids of group 15 metals (Bi and Sb) are raised, which are mainly perovskite derivatives. At the same time, transition metal Cu-based perovskites are also referred. In the end, an outlook is given on the design strategy of lead-free halide hybrid absorbers for photovoltaic applications. It is believed that this timely review can represent our unique view of the field and shed some light on the direction of development of such promising materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusheng Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructuresand Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou350002China
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China
| | - Peng Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructuresand Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of NanomaterialsFujian Institute of Research on the Structure of MatterChinese Academy of SciencesFuzhou350002China
- Laboratory of Advanced Functional MaterialsXiamen Institute of Rare Earth MaterialsHaixi InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen361021China
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Zhi L, Li Y, Cao X, Li Y, Cui X, Ci L, Wei J. Perovskite Solar Cells Fabricated by Using an Environmental Friendly Aprotic Polar Additive of 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:632. [PMID: 29260436 PMCID: PMC5736506 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2391-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have great potentials in photovoltaics due to their high power conversion efficiency and low processing cost. PSCs are usually fabricated from PbI2/dimethylformamide solution with some toxic additives, such as N-methyl pyrrolidone and hexamethylphosphoramide. Here, we use an environmental friendly aprotic polar solvent, 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone (DMI), to fabricate perovskite films. By adding 10 vol% DMI in the precursor solution, high-quality perovskite films with smooth surface are obtained. By increasing annealing temperature from 100 to 130 °C, the average grain size of the perovskite increases from ~ 216 to 375 nm. As a result, the efficiency of the PSCs increases from 10.72 to 14.54%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physics, Changji College, Changji, 831100 Xinjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Department of Physics, Changji College, Changji, 831100 Xinjiang People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaobing Cao
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Education Ministry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
| | - Yahui Li
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Education Ministry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Cui
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Education Ministry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
| | - Lijie Ci
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250061 Shandong People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinquan Wei
- Key Lab for Advanced Materials Processing Technology of Education Ministry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- State Key Lab of New Ceramic and Fine Processing, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 People’s Republic of China
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Tan F, Xu W, Hu X, Yu P, Zhang W. Highly Efficient Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells with CdSe QDs/LiF Electron Transporting Layer. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2017; 12:614. [PMID: 29214502 PMCID: PMC5718992 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-017-2381-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Organic/inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell has emerged as a very promising candidate for the next generation of near-commercial photovoltaic devices. Here in this work, we focus on the inverted perovskite solar cells and have found that remarkable photovoltaic performance could be obtained when using cadmium selenide (CdSe) quantum dots (QDs) as electron transporting layer (ETL) and lithium fluoride (LiF) as the buffer, with respect to the traditionally applied and high-cost [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The easily processed and low-cost CdSe QDs/LiF double layer could facilitate convenient electron-transfer and collection at the perovskite/cathode interface, promoting an optoelectric conversion efficiency of as high as 15.1%, very close to that with the traditional PCBM ETL. Our work provides another promising choice on the ETL materials for the highly efficient and low-cost perovskite solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furui Tan
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
| | - Weizhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Xiaodong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic Materials, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
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Synthesis of Hybrid Tin Halide Perovskite Solar Cells with Less Hazardous Solvents: Methanol and 1,4-Dioxane. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.201700297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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