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Liu W, Fu W, Wei Y, Yu G, Wang T, Xu L, Wu X, Lin P, Yu X, Cui C, Wang P. Exceptional Hole-Selective Properties of Ta 2O 5 Films via Sn 4+ Doping for High Performance Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306666. [PMID: 37990400 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Carrier-selective passivating contacts using transition metal oxides (TMOs) have attracted great attention for crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction solar cells recently. Among them, tantalum oxide (Ta2O5) exhibits outstanding advantages, such as a wide bandgap, good surface passivation, and a small conduction band offset with c-Si, which is typically used as an electron-selective contact layer. Interestingly, it is first demonstrated that solution-processed Ta2O5 films exhibit a high hole selectivity, which blocks electrons and promotes hole transport simultaneously. Through the ozone pre-treatment of Ta2O5/p-Si interface and optimization of the film thickness (≈9 nm), the interfacial recombination is suppressed and the contact resistivity is reduced from 178.0 to 29.3 mΩ cm2. Moreover, the Sn4+ doping increases both the work function and oxygen vacancies of the film, contributing to the improved hole-selective contact performance. As a result, the photoelectric conversion efficiencies of Ta2O5/p-Si heterojunction solar cells are significantly improved from 14.84% to 18.47%, with a high thermal stability up to 300 °C. The work has provided a feasible strategy to explore new features of TMOs for carrier-selective contact applications, that is, bipolar carrier transport properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Wang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yaju Wei
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Guoqiang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Lingbo Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Ping Lin
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xuegong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials & School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Can Cui
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation of Zhejiang Province, Department of Physics, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
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Lei Q, Xu X, Lu N, Yang L, He S. Greatly enhanced hole collection of MoO x with top sub-10 nm thick silver films for gridless and flexible crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells. RSC Adv 2022; 12:21482-21492. [PMID: 35975077 PMCID: PMC9346987 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01512a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Greatly enhanced hole collection of MoOx is demonstrated experimentally with a top sub-10 nm thick Ag film, allowing for an efficient dopant-free contacted crystalline silicon (c-Si) heterojunction solar cell without a front grid electrode. With the removal of shadows induced by the front grid electrode, the gridless solar cell with the MoOx/Ag hole-selective contact (HSC) shows an increment of ∼8% in its power conversion efficiency (PCE) due to the greatly improved short-circuit current density (Jsc) as well as the almost undiminished fill factor (FF) and open-circuit voltage (Voc), while the gridless solar cells with the conventional MoOx/ITO and pure MoOx HSCs exhibit ∼20% and ∼43% degradations in PCE due to the overwhelming decrease in their FF and Jsc, respectively. Through systematic characterizations and analyses, it is found that the ultrathin Ag film (more conductive than ITO) provides an additional channel for photogenerated holes to transport on MoOx, contributing to the great enhancement in the hole collection and the great suppression of the shunt loss in the gridless solar cells. A 50 μm thick gridless c-Si heterojunction solar cell with the MoOx/Ag HSC is 75% thinner but is 86% efficient compared to its 200 μm thick counterpart (while the 50 μm thick gridless solar cell with the MoOx/ITO HSC is much less efficient). It is over 82% efficient after being bent to a curvature radius as small as 4 mm, also showing superior mechanical flexibility to its counterpart with the MoOx/ITO HSC. Our MoOx/Ag double-layer HSC can be easily fabricated through thermal evaporation without breaking the vacuum, saving both the time and cost of the fabrication of the whole device. Therefore, this work provides a guide for the design of efficient HSCs for high-efficiency, low-cost, and flexible solar cells. Greatly enhanced hole collection of MoOx is demonstrated experimentally with a top sub-10 nm thick Ag film. With this hole-selective contact, a 50 μm thick gridless c-Si solar cell, showing excellent flexibility, is 75% thinner but 86% efficient.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyun Lei
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Xinan Xu
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Na Lu
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Liu Yang
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China .,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Sailing He
- Centre for Optical and Electromagnetic Research, National Engineering Research Center for Optical Instruments, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China .,Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University Ningbo 315100 China.,JORCEP, School of Electrical Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) S-100 44 Stockholm Sweden
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