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Ohmoto A, Fuji S. Non-cancerous complications in HTLV-1 carriers. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2024; 22:307-316. [PMID: 38536666 DOI: 10.1080/14787210.2024.2336547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) carriers may develop adult T-cell leukemia (ATL), or HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP). The evidence is limited regarding other diseases potentially associated with HTLV-1, such as HTLV-1-associated autoimmune diseases. AREA COVERED We summarized the available information on complications associated with HTLV-1 infection. EXPERT OPINION Previous studies showed that HTLV-1 carriers have an increased incidence of collagen diseases including Sjögren's syndrome, as well as dysthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, cognitive deficits are observed in asymptomatic carriers and in symptomatic carriers who develop HAM/TSP. It is hypothesized that altered immunoregulation occurs as a result of persistent HTLV-1 infection. A systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated that HTLV-1 infection itself has an adverse impact on overall survival. ATL alone cannot entirely explain the adverse impact of HTLV-1 infection on overall mortality, because the incidence is low, and therefore HTLV-1-associated diseases as a whole may contribute to the inferior clinical outcome. However, there are insufficient data to determine the causal relationship between HTLV-1 infection and each complication. While non-cancerous events linked to HTLV-1 infection are not fatal, they are likely to reduce quality of life. Large prospective studies should be conducted by international collaborators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Ohmoto
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital of Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shigeo Fuji
- Department of Hematology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
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Shimizu Y. Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Partly Indicates the Prevention of Hypertension among Older Individuals in the General Population. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1588. [PMID: 37511963 PMCID: PMC10381883 DOI: 10.3390/life13071588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural atherosclerosis, as evaluated by carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), is reported to be positively associated with hypertension. However, angiogenesis, which plays an important role in the progression of structural atherosclerosis, prevents hypertension by reducing peripheral vascular resistance. These associations evoke a contradiction: characteristics associated with the progression of structural atherosclerosis, which is related to hypertension, might prevent hypertension. To clarify novel mechanisms underlying the association between structural atherosclerosis and hypertension, multifaceted analyses are necessary. We performed several epidemiological studies based on this concept. This study summarizes those epidemiological studies and adds some discussion. Studies focusing on circulating CD34-positive cells, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), SNPs in BRACA1-associated protein (BRAP), platelets, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), and SNPs in aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) have shown that active endothelial repair, which leads to the progression of structural atherosclerosis, helps prevent hypertension. These associations indicate that the progression of structural atherosclerosis could act as a marker of angiogenesis, which reduces peripheral vascular resistance. In general, a positive association between structural atherosclerosis and hypertension has been reported. However, the progression of structural atherosclerosis could act as a marker of activity that prevents hypertension via reductions in peripheral vascular resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Epidemiology Section, Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka 537-0025, Japan
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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Xia C, Su J, Liu C, Mai Z, Yin S, Yang C, Fu L. Human microbiomes in cancer development and therapy. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e221. [PMID: 36860568 PMCID: PMC9969057 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonies formed by bacteria, archaea, fungi, and viral groups and their genomes, metabolites, and expressed proteins constitute complex human microbiomes. An increasing evidences showed that carcinogenesis and disease progression were link to microbiomes. Different organ sources, their microbial species, and their metabolites are different; the mechanisms of carcinogenic or procancerous are also different. Here, we summarize how microbiomes contribute to carcinogenesis and disease progression in cancers of the skin, mouth, esophagus, lung, gastrointestinal, genital, blood, and lymph malignancy. We also insight into the molecular mechanisms of triggering, promoting, or inhibiting carcinogenesis and disease progress induced by microbiomes or/and their secretions of bioactive metabolites. And then, the strategies of application of microorganisms in cancer treatment were discussed in detail. However, the mechanisms by which human microbiomes function are still poorly understood. The bidirectional interactions between microbiotas and endocrine systems need to be clarified. Probiotics and prebiotics are believed to benefit human health via a variety of mechanisms, in particular, in tumor inhibition. It is largely unknown how microbial agents cause cancer or how cancer progresses. We expect this review may open new perspectives on possible therapeutic approaches of patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jiyan Su
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Can Liu
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhikai Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuanghong Yin
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Chlid Healthcare HospitalSouthern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chuansheng Yang
- Department of Head‐Neck and Breast SurgeryYuebei People's Hospital of Shantou UniversityShaoguanChina
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South ChinaCollaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat‐sen University Cancer CenterGuangzhouPeople's Republic of China
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Tsuji Y, Koga T, Nonaka F, Nobusue K, Kawashiri SY, Yamanashi H, Maeda T, Arima K, Aoyagi K, Takahashi M, Kawaguchi S, Matsuda F, Fujii H, Kawano M, Nakamura H, Kawakami A, Tamai M. Identification of risk factors for elevated serum IgG4 levels in subjects in a large-scale health checkup cohort study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1124417. [PMID: 36969256 PMCID: PMC10031005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1124417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction To allow the identification of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) from a subclinical phase as it is important to understand the risk of elevated serum IgG4 levels. We planned to evaluate serum IgG4 levels in the participants of the Nagasaki Islands Study (NaIS), a large-scale health checkup cohort study. Methods This study included 3,240 individuals who participated in the NaIS between 2016 and 2018 and consented to participate in the study. Serum IgG4, IgG, and IgE levels and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotyping results of the NaIS subjects as well as lifestyle habits and peripheral blood test results were analyzed. The magnetic bead panel assay (MBA) and the standard nephelometry immunoassay (NIA) were used to measure serum IgG4 levels. The data were evaluated using multivariate analysis to identify lifestyle and genetic factors associated with elevated serum IgG4 levels. Results Serum IgG4 levels measured with the NIA and MBA showed a tight positive correlation between the two groups (correlation coefficient 0.942). The median age of the participants in the NaIS was 69 years [63-77]. The median serum IgG4 level was 30.2 mg/dL [IQR 12.5-59.8]. Overall, 1019 (32.1%) patients had a history of smoking. When the subjects were stratified into three groups based on the smoking intensity (pack-year), the serum IgG4 level was significantly higher among those with a higher smoking intensity. Accordingly, the multivariate analysis identified a significant relationship between smoking status and serum IgG4 elevation. Conclusion In this study, smoking was identified as a lifestyle factor correlating positively with elevated serum IgG4 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshika Tsuji
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Koga
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Center for Bioinformatics and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Mami Tamai, ; Tomohiro Koga,
| | - Fumiaki Nonaka
- Department of Island and Community Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kenichi Nobusue
- Department of Island and Community Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shin-ya Kawashiri
- Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Yamanashi
- Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Arima
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Aoyagi
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Meiko Takahashi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shuji Kawaguchi
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Fujii
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Kawano
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa University Hospital, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kawakami
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Mami Tamai
- Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- *Correspondence: Mami Tamai, ; Tomohiro Koga,
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Shimizu Y, Yamanashi H, Miyata J, Takada M, Noguchi Y, Honda Y, Nonaka F, Nakamichi S, Nagata Y, Maeda T. VEGF Polymorphism rs3025039 and Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus 1 (HTLV-1) Infection among Older Japanese Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100527. [PMID: 36290496 PMCID: PMC9598135 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported a close correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which plays an important role in angiogenesis, and human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1). However, an association between genetic characteristics related to VEGF and HTLV-1 infection has not yet been reported. Because the VEGF polymorphism rs3025039 is inversely associated with serum concentrations of VEGF, we focus on rs3025039 in the present study. To clarify the association between the VEGF polymorphism rs3025039 and HTLV-1 infection, a cross-sectional study of 1924 Japanese individuals aged 60–79 years who participated in general health check-ups was conducted. Using logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for HTLV-1 infection in relation to rs3025039 genotype were calculated with adjustment for known confounders. Compared with rs3025039 CC-homozygotes, (T) allele carriers had a significantly lower OR for HTLV-1 infection. The adjusted OR and 95% CI for HTLV-1 infection was 0.70 (0.54–0.91) (p = 0.009). Genetic characteristics related to lower angiogenesis activity might be associated with a lower chance of establishing HTLV-1 infection. Although further investigation is necessary, angiogenesis might play a crucial role in the establishment of HTLV-1 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka 536-0025, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-95-819-7578
| | - Hirotomo Yamanashi
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Jun Miyata
- Department of Islands and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 853-0031, Japan
| | - Midori Takada
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka 536-0025, Japan
| | - Yuko Noguchi
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yukiko Honda
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Nonaka
- Department of Islands and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 853-0031, Japan
| | - Seiko Nakamichi
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Nagasaki University Health Center, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Nagata
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takahiro Maeda
- Department of General Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Leading Medical Research Core Unit, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Islands and Community Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki 853-0031, Japan
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