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Guo H, Cai Y, Ogawa Y, Shiraga K, Kondo N, Ogawa Y. Quantification of resistant starch content in rice after hydrothermal treatments using terahertz spectroscopy. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114400. [PMID: 38729703 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Since hydrothermal treatments can enhance resistant starch (RS) content in rice and provide health benefits when consumed, a less laborious and non-destructive method to determine RS content is needed. Terahertz (THz) spectroscopy is hypothesized as a suitable method to quantify RS content in rice after hydrothermal treatment with its sensitivity for the intermolecular forces increase in the formation of RS. In this study, we first used the traditional in vitro hydrolysis method to determine the content of RS in rice. Then, the potential of starch absorbance peaks to quantify RS content after three commonly used hydrothermal methods, soaking, mild heat-moisture treatment, and parboiling, was investigated. The second derivative intensities of the peak at 9.0, 10.5, 12.1, and 13.1 THz were confirmed as being correlated with RS content and showed the high accuracy to predict RS content in samples (R2 > 0.96). Our results indicate the RS content of hydrothermally treated rice can be accurately quantified using these peaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Guo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yidi Cai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yukiharu Ogawa
- Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, 648, Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8501, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Shiraga
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan; PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan
| | - Naoshi Kondo
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ogawa
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
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Nunta R, Khemacheewakul J, Techapun C, Sommanee S, Feng J, Htike SL, Mahakuntha C, Porninta K, Phimolsiripol Y, Jantanasakulwong K, Moukamnerd C, Watanabe M, Kumar A, Leksawasdi N. Kinetics of Phosphate Ions and Phytase Activity Production for Lactic Acid-Producing Bacteria Utilizing Milling and Whitening Stages Rice Bran as Biopolymer Substrates. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1770. [PMID: 38136641 PMCID: PMC10741578 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
A study evaluated nine kinetic data and four kinetic parameters related to growth, production of various phytase activities (PEact), and released phosphate ion concentration ([Pi]) from five lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains cultivated in three types of media: phytate (IP6), milling stage rice bran (MsRB), and whitening stage rice bran (WsRB). Score ranking techniques were used, combining these kinetic data and parameters to select the most suitable LAB strain for each medium across three cultivation time periods (24, 48, and 72 h). In the IP6 medium, Lacticaseibacillus casei TISTR 1500 exhibited statistically significant highest (p ≤ 0.05) normalized summation scores using a 2:1 weighting between kinetic and parameter data sets. This strain also had the statistically highest levels (p ≤ 0.05) of produced phosphate ion concentration ([Pi]) (0.55 g/L) at 72 h and produced extracellular specific phytase activity (ExSp-PEact) (0.278 U/mgprotein) at 48 h. For the MsRB and WsRB media, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum TISTR 877 performed exceptionally well after 72 h of cultivation. It produced ([Pi], ExSp-PEact) pairs of (0.53 g/L, 0.0790 U/mgprotein) in MsRB and (0.85 g/L, 0.0593 U/mgprotein) in WsRB, respectively. Overall, these findings indicate the most promising LAB strains for each medium and cultivation time based on their ability to produce phosphate ions and extracellular specific phytase activity. The selection process utilized a combination of kinetic data and parameter analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojarej Nunta
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Division of Food Innovation and Business, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Lampang Rajabhat University, Lampang 52100, Thailand
| | - Julaluk Khemacheewakul
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Charin Techapun
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Sumeth Sommanee
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Juan Feng
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Su Lwin Htike
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Chatchadaporn Mahakuntha
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Kritsadaporn Porninta
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Yuthana Phimolsiripol
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | - Kittisak Jantanasakulwong
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
| | | | - Masanori Watanabe
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Yamagata University, 1-23 Wakada-Machi, Tsuruoka, Yamagata 997-8555, Japan;
| | - Anbarasu Kumar
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
- Department of Biotechnology, Periyar Maniammai Institute of Science & Technology (Deemed to be University), Thanjavur 613403, India
| | - Noppol Leksawasdi
- Center of Excellence in Agro Bio-Circular-Green Industry (Agro BCG) & Bioprocess Research Cluster (BRC), School of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand; (R.N.); (J.K.); (S.S.); (J.F.); (S.L.H.); (C.M.); (K.P.); (Y.P.); (K.J.)
- Faculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, Thailand;
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Summpunn P, Deh-ae N, Panpipat W, Manurakchinakorn S, Bhoopong P, Donlao N, Rawdkuen S, Shetty K, Chaijan M. Nutritional Profiles of Yoom Noon Rice from Royal Initiative of Southern Thailand: A Comparison of White Rice, Brown Rice, and Germinated Brown Rice. Foods 2023; 12:2952. [PMID: 37569220 PMCID: PMC10418706 DOI: 10.3390/foods12152952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
For long-term food sustainability and security, it is crucial to recognize and preserve Indigenous rice varieties and their diversity. Yoom Noon is one of the non-glutinous rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties being conserved as part of the Phanang Basin Area Development Project, which is administered by the Royal Initiative of Nakhon Si Thammarat in Southern Thailand. The goal of this research was to compare the nutritional profiles of Yoom Noon white rice, brown rice, and germinated brown rice. The results indicated that carbohydrate content was found to be the most plentiful macronutrient in all processed Yoom Noon rice types, accounting for 67.1 to 81.5% of the total. White rice had the highest carbohydrate content (p < 0.05), followed by brown rice and germinated brown rice. Brown rice had more protein and fat than white rice (p < 0.05). The maximum protein, dietary fiber, and ash content were found in germinated brown rice, followed by brown rice and white rice (p < 0.05). White rice had the highest amylose content, around 24% (p < 0.05), followed by brown rice (22%), and germinated brown rice (20%). Mg levels in all white, brown, and germinated brown rice ranged from 6.59 to 10.59 mg/100 g, which was shown to be the highest among the minerals studied (p < 0.05). Zn (4.10-6.18 mg/100 g) was the second most abundant mineral, followed by Fe (3.45-4.92 mg/100 g), K (2.61-3.81 mg/100 g), Mn (1.20-4.48 mg/100 g), Ca (1.14-1.66 mg/100 g), and Cu (0.16-0.23 mg/100 g). Se was not found in any processed Yoom Noon rice. Overall, brown rice had the highest content of macro- and micronutrients (p < 0.05). In all processed rice, thiamin was found in the highest amount (56-85 mg/100 g), followed by pyridoxine (18-44 g/100 g) and nicotinamide (4-45 g/100 g) (p < 0.05). Riboflavin was not identified in any of the three types of processed Yoom Noon rice. Individual vitamin concentrations varied among processed rice, with germinated brown rice having the highest thiamine content by around 1.5 and 1.3 folds compared to white and brown rice, respectively. The GABA level was the highest in germinated rice (585 mg/kg), which was around three times higher than in brown rice (p < 0.05), whereas GABA was not detectable in white rice. The greatest total extractable flavonoid level was found in brown rice (495 mg rutin equivalent (RE)/100 g), followed by germinated brown rice (232 mg RE/100 g), while white rice had no detectable total extractable flavonoid. Brown rice had the highest phytic acid level (11.2 mg/100 g), which was 1.2 times higher than germinated brown rice (p < 0.05). However, phytic acid was not detected in white rice. White rice (10.25 mg/100 g) and brown rice (10.04 mg/100 g) had the highest non-significant rapidly available glucose (RAG) values, while germinated brown rice had the lowest (5.33 mg/100 g). In contrast, germinated brown rice had the highest slowly available glucose (SAG) value (9.19 mg/100 g), followed by brown rice (3.58 mg/100 g) and white rice (1.61 mg/100 g) (p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijug Summpunn
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (P.S.); (N.D.-a.); (W.P.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Nattharika Deh-ae
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (P.S.); (N.D.-a.); (W.P.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Worawan Panpipat
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (P.S.); (N.D.-a.); (W.P.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Supranee Manurakchinakorn
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (P.S.); (N.D.-a.); (W.P.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Phuangthip Bhoopong
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (P.S.); (N.D.-a.); (W.P.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
| | - Natthawuddhi Donlao
- Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (N.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Saroat Rawdkuen
- Food Science and Technology Program, School of Agro-Industry, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand; (N.D.); (S.R.)
| | - Kalidas Shetty
- Global Institute of Food Security and International Agriculture (GIFSIA), North Dakota State University, 374 D Loftsgard Hall, 1360 Albrecht Blvd., Fargo, ND 58108, USA;
| | - Manat Chaijan
- Food Technology and Innovation Research Center of Excellence, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Industry, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand; (P.S.); (N.D.-a.); (W.P.); (S.M.); (P.B.)
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Xu Y, Chen S, Xue M, Chen X, Liu Z, Wei X, Gao JP, Chen C. Mapping and validation of quantitative trait loci associated with dorsal aleurone thickness in rice (Oryza sativa). TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2023; 136:117. [PMID: 37093272 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-023-04368-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Mapping of QTLs for dorsal aleurone thickness (DAT) was performed using chromosome segment substitution lines in rice. Three QTLs, qDAT3.1, qDAT3.2, and qDAT7.1, were detected in multiple environments. As a specified endosperm cell type, the aleurone has an abundance of various nutrients. Increasing the number of aleurone layers is a practicable way of developing highly nutritious cereals. Identifying genes that can increase aleurone thickness is useful for the breeding of aleurone traits to improve the nutritional and health values of rice. Here, we found that iodine staining could efficiently distinguish the aleurone layers, which revealed great variation of the aleurone thickness in rice, especially at the dorsal side of the seed. Therefore, we used a population of chromosome segmental substitution lines (CSSLs) derived from Koshihikari and Nona Bokra for quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis of the dorsal aleurone thickness (DAT). Three QTLs, qDAT3.1, qDAT3.2, and qDAT7.1, were detected in multiple seasons. Among these, qDAT3.2 colocalizes with Hd6 and Hd16, two QTLs previously identified to regulate the heading date of Koshihikari, explaining the negative correlation between the DAT and days to heading (DTH) in rice. We also provide evidence that early-heading ensures the filling of rice seed under a relatively high temperature to promote aleurone thickening. qDAT7.1, the most stable QTL expressed in different environments, functions independently from heading date. Although Nona Bokra has a lower DAT, its qDAT7.1 allele significantly increased DAT in rice, which was further validated using two near-isogenic lines (NILs). These findings pave the way for further gene cloning of aleurone-related QTLs and may aid the development of highly nutritious rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Siming Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Mingming Xue
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuefeng Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Ping Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology / Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.
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Hu Q, Wang R, Hu L, Chen R, Yu X, Shao JF. The potential of bamboo seeds for natural biofortification of dietary zinc and iron. NPJ Sci Food 2023; 7:15. [PMID: 37081013 PMCID: PMC10119318 DOI: 10.1038/s41538-023-00192-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Moso bamboo has been shown to accumulate high concentrations of iron and zinc in the seeds. However, the bioavailablity of iron and zinc in bamboo seeds is poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iron and zinc in bamboo seeds by using an in vitro digestion protocol. Our evaluations revealed that values of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iron were 25 and 21 mg kg-1 in bamboo seeds which were 1.6- and 1.7- fold higher than in rice, respectively. Also, values of bioaccessibility and bioavailability of zinc were 20 and 13 mg kg-1 in bamboo seeds which were 1.9- and 2.6- fold higher than in rice, respectively. Boiling process reduced both the bioaccessibility and bioavailability of iron and zinc. In addition, phytic acid concentration in bamboo seeds was only 0.42 times higher than in rice. By contrast, the tannins concentration in bamboo seeds was 2.2 times higher than in rice. Cellular localization results showed that iron and zinc were mainly concentrated in the embryo and the aleurone layer. These results clearly suggest that Moso bamboo seeds are rich in iron and zinc and have potential as a food for iron and zinc biofortification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qifang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin'An, 311300, China
| | - Rong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin'An, 311300, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Marketing supervision administration of Jiande, Jiande, 311612, China
| | - Rong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin'An, 311300, China
| | - Xuejun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin'An, 311300, China
| | - Ji Feng Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Lin'An, 311300, China.
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Dwivedi SL, Garcia-Oliveira AL, Govindaraj M, Ortiz R. Biofortification to avoid malnutrition in humans in a changing climate: Enhancing micronutrient bioavailability in seed, tuber, and storage roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1119148. [PMID: 36794214 PMCID: PMC9923027 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1119148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Malnutrition results in enormous socio-economic costs to the individual, their community, and the nation's economy. The evidence suggests an overall negative impact of climate change on the agricultural productivity and nutritional quality of food crops. Producing more food with better nutritional quality, which is feasible, should be prioritized in crop improvement programs. Biofortification refers to developing micronutrient -dense cultivars through crossbreeding or genetic engineering. This review provides updates on nutrient acquisition, transport, and storage in plant organs; the cross-talk between macro- and micronutrients transport and signaling; nutrient profiling and spatial and temporal distribution; the putative and functionally characterized genes/single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with Fe, Zn, and β-carotene; and global efforts to breed nutrient-dense crops and map adoption of such crops globally. This article also includes an overview on the bioavailability, bioaccessibility, and bioactivity of nutrients as well as the molecular basis of nutrient transport and absorption in human. Over 400 minerals (Fe, Zn) and provitamin A-rich cultivars have been released in the Global South. Approximately 4.6 million households currently cultivate Zn-rich rice and wheat, while ~3 million households in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America benefit from Fe-rich beans, and 2.6 million people in sub-Saharan Africa and Brazil eat provitamin A-rich cassava. Furthermore, nutrient profiles can be improved through genetic engineering in an agronomically acceptable genetic background. The development of "Golden Rice" and provitamin A-rich dessert bananas and subsequent transfer of this trait into locally adapted cultivars are evident, with no significant change in nutritional profile, except for the trait incorporated. A greater understanding of nutrient transport and absorption may lead to the development of diet therapy for the betterment of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Luísa Garcia-Oliveira
- International Maize and Wheat Research Center, Centro Internacional de Mejoramiento de Maíz. y Trigo (CIMMYT), Nairobi, Kenya
- Department of Molecular Biology, College of Biotechnology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India
| | - Mahalingam Govindaraj
- HarvestPlus Program, Alliance of Bioversity International and the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
| | - Rodomiro Ortiz
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
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