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Sutherland-Smith AJ, Carbone V, Schofield LR, Cronin B, Duin EC, Ronimus RS. The crystal structure of methanogen McrD, a methyl-coenzyme M reductase-associated protein. FEBS Open Bio 2024. [PMID: 38877345 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Methyl-coenzyme M reductase (MCR) is a multi-subunit (α2β2γ2) enzyme responsible for methane formation via its unique F430 cofactor. The genes responsible for producing MCR (mcrA, mcrB and mcrG) are typically colocated with two other highly conserved genes mcrC and mcrD. We present here the high-resolution crystal structure for McrD from a human gut methanogen Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis strain B10. The structure reveals that McrD comprises a ferredoxin-like domain assembled into an α + β barrel-like dimer with conformational flexibility exhibited by a functional loop. The description of the M. luminyensis McrD crystal structure contributes to our understanding of this key conserved methanogen protein typically responsible for promoting MCR activity and the production of methane, a greenhouse gas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Bryan Cronin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, AL, USA
| | - Evert C Duin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, AL, USA
| | - Ron S Ronimus
- AgResearch Ltd. Grasslands, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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2
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Schmitz JM, Wolters JF, Murray NH, Guerra RM, Bingman CA, Hittinger CT, Pagliarini DJ. Aim18p and Aim46p are chalcone isomerase domain-containing mitochondrial hemoproteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102981. [PMID: 36739946 PMCID: PMC9996372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chalcone isomerases (CHIs) have well-established roles in the biosynthesis of plant flavonoid metabolites. Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses two predicted CHI-like proteins, Aim18p (encoded by YHR198C) and Aim46p (YHR199C), but it lacks other enzymes of the flavonoid pathway, suggesting that Aim18p and Aim46p employ the CHI fold for distinct purposes. Here, we demonstrate using proteinase K protection assays, sodium carbonate extractions, and crystallography that Aim18p and Aim46p reside on the mitochondrial inner membrane and adopt CHI folds, but they lack select active site residues and possess an extra fungal-specific loop. Consistent with these differences, Aim18p and Aim46p lack CHI activity and also the fatty acid-binding capabilities of other CHI-like proteins, but instead bind heme. We further show that diverse fungal homologs also bind heme and that Aim18p and Aim46p possess structural homology to a bacterial hemoprotein. Collectively, our work reveals a distinct function and cellular localization for two CHI-like proteins, introduces a new variation of a hemoprotein fold, and suggests that ancestral CHI-like proteins were hemoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Schmitz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John F Wolters
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, Wisconsin Energy Institute, J.F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Nathan H Murray
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Rachel M Guerra
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Craig A Bingman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Chris Todd Hittinger
- Laboratory of Genetics, Center for Genomic Science Innovation, Wisconsin Energy Institute, J.F. Crow Institute for the Study of Evolution, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - David J Pagliarini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA; Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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3
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Mozhiarasi V, Natarajan TS, Dhamodharan K. A high-value biohythane production: Feedstocks, reactor configurations, pathways, challenges, technoeconomics and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:115094. [PMID: 36535394 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the demand for high-quality biofuels from renewable sources has become an aspirational goal to offer a clean environment by alternating the depleting fossil fuels to meet future energy needs. In this aspect, biohythane production from wastes has received extensive research interest since it contains superior fuel characteristics than the promising conventional biofuel i.e. biogas. The main aim is to promote research and potentials of biohythane production by a systematic review of scientific literature on the biohythane production pathways, substrate/microbial consortium suitability, reactor design, and influential process/operational factors. Reactor configuration also decides the product yield in addition to other key factors like waste composition, temperature, pH, retention time and loading rates. Hence, a detailed emphasis on different reactor configurations with respect to the type of feedstock has also been given. The technical challenges are highlighted towards process optimization and system scale up. Meanwhile, solutions to improve product yield, technoeconomics, applications and key policy and governance factors to build a hydrogen based society have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velusamy Mozhiarasi
- CLRI Regional Centre, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Jalandhar, 144 021, Punjab, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Thillai Sivakumar Natarajan
- Environmental Science Laboratory, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CSIR-CLRI), Chennai, 600 020, Tamil Nadu, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kondusamy Dhamodharan
- School of Energy and Environment, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala, 147 004, Punjab, India
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Structure-function characterization of the mono- and diheme forms of MhuD, a noncanonical heme oxygenase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Biol Chem 2021; 298:101475. [PMID: 34883099 PMCID: PMC8801480 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
MhuD is a noncanonical heme oxygenase (HO) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that catalyzes unique heme degradation chemistry distinct from canonical HOs, generating mycobilin products without releasing carbon monoxide. Its crucial role in the Mtb heme uptake pathway has identified MhuD as an auspicious drug target. MhuD is capable of binding either one or two hemes within a single active site, but only the monoheme form was previously reported to be enzymatically active. Here we employed resonance Raman (rR) spectroscopy to examine several factors proposed to impact the reactivity of mono- and diheme MhuD, including heme ruffling, heme pocket hydrophobicity, and amino acid–heme interactions. We determined that the distal heme in the diheme MhuD active site has negligible effects on both the planarity of the His-coordinated heme macrocycle and the strength of the Fe-NHis linkage relative to the monoheme form. Our rR studies using isotopically labeled hemes unveiled unexpected biomolecular dynamics for the process of heme binding that converts MhuD from mono- to diheme form, where the second incoming heme replaces the first as the His75-coordinated heme. Ferrous CO-ligated diheme MhuD was found to exhibit multiple Fe-C-O conformers, one of which contains catalytically predisposed H-bonding interactions with the distal Asn7 residue identical to those in the monoheme form, implying that it is also enzymatically active. This was substantiated by activity assays and MS product analysis that confirmed the diheme form also degrades heme to mycobilins, redefining MhuD’s functional paradigm and further expanding our understanding of its role in Mtb physiology.
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Ben Ayed A, Saint-Genis G, Vallon L, Linde D, Turbé-Doan A, Haon M, Daou M, Bertrand E, Faulds CB, Sciara G, Adamo M, Marmeisse R, Comtet-Marre S, Peyret P, Abrouk D, Ruiz-Dueñas FJ, Marchand C, Hugoni M, Luis P, Mechichi T, Record E. Exploring the Diversity of Fungal DyPs in Mangrove Soils to Produce and Characterize Novel Biocatalysts. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7050321. [PMID: 33919051 PMCID: PMC8143184 DOI: 10.3390/jof7050321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The functional diversity of the New Caledonian mangrove sediments was examined, observing the distribution of fungal dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs), together with the complete biochemical characterization of the main DyP. Using a functional metabarcoding approach, the diversity of expressed genes encoding fungal DyPs was investigated in surface and deeper sediments, collected beneath either Avicennia marina or Rhizophora stylosa trees, during either the wet or the dry seasons. The highest DyP diversity was observed in surface sediments beneath the R. stylosa area during the wet season, and one particular operational functional unit (OFU1) was detected as the most abundant DyP isoform. This OFU was found in all sediment samples, representing 51–100% of the total DyP-encoding sequences in 70% of the samples. The complete cDNA sequence corresponding to this abundant DyP (OFU 1) was retrieved by gene capture, cloned, and heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris. The recombinant enzyme, called DyP1, was purified and characterized, leading to the description of its physical–chemical properties, its ability to oxidize diverse phenolic substrates, and its potential to decolorize textile dyes; DyP1 was more active at low pH, though moderately stable over a wide pH range. The enzyme was very stable at temperatures up to 50 °C, retaining 60% activity after 180 min incubation. Its ability to decolorize industrial dyes was also tested on Reactive Blue 19, Acid Black, Disperse Blue 79, and Reactive Black 5. The effect of hydrogen peroxide and sea salt on DyP1 activity was studied and compared to what is reported for previously characterized enzymes from terrestrial and marine-derived fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Ben Ayed
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie, Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia;
| | - Geoffroy Saint-Genis
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Laurent Vallon
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Dolores Linde
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (F.J.R.-D.)
| | - Annick Turbé-Doan
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Mireille Haon
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Marianne Daou
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Emmanuel Bertrand
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Craig B. Faulds
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Giuliano Sciara
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
| | - Martino Adamo
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Roland Marmeisse
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Sophie Comtet-Marre
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.C.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Pierre Peyret
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, MEDiS, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (S.C.-M.); (P.P.)
| | - Danis Abrouk
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Francisco J. Ruiz-Dueñas
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas (CIB), CSIC, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (D.L.); (F.J.R.-D.)
| | - Cyril Marchand
- IMPMC, Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement (IRD), UPMC, CNRS, MNHN, 98851 Noumea, France;
- ISEA, EA, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie (UNC), 3325, BP R4, 98851 Noumea, France
| | - Mylène Hugoni
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Patricia Luis
- Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Ecologie Microbienne, 69622 Villeurbanne, France; (G.S.-G.); (L.V.); (M.A.); (P.L.); (R.M.); (D.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Tahar Mechichi
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Génie, Enzymatique des Lipases, Université de Sfax, Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Sfax, 3038 Sfax, Tunisia;
| | - Eric Record
- INRAE, UMR1163, Biodiversité et Biotechnologie Fongiques, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille, France; (A.B.A.); (A.T.-D.); (M.H.); (M.D.); (E.B.); (C.B.F.); (G.S.)
- Correspondence:
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A noncanonical heme oxygenase specific for the degradation of c-type heme. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100666. [PMID: 33862082 PMCID: PMC8131568 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenases (HOs) play a critical role in recouping iron from the labile heme pool. The acquisition and liberation of heme iron are especially important for the survival of pathogenic bacteria. All characterized HOs, including those belonging to the HugZ superfamily, preferentially cleave free b-type heme. Another common form of heme found in nature is c-type heme, which is covalently linked to proteinaceous cysteine residues. However, mechanisms for direct iron acquisition from the c-type heme pool are unknown. Here we identify a HugZ homolog from the oligopeptide permease (opp) gene cluster of Paracoccus denitrificans that lacks any observable reactivity with heme b and show that it instead rapidly degrades c-type hemopeptides. This c-type heme oxygenase catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of the model substrate microperoxidase-11 at the β- and/or δ-meso position(s), yielding the corresponding peptide-linked biliverdin, CO, and free iron. X-ray crystallographic analysis suggests that the switch in substrate specificity from b-to c-type heme involves loss of the N-terminal α/β domain and C-terminal loop containing the coordinating histidine residue characteristic of HugZ homologs, thereby accommodating a larger substrate that provides its own iron ligand. These structural features are also absent in certain heme utilization/storage proteins from human pathogens that exhibit low or no HO activity with free heme. This study thus expands the scope of known iron acquisition strategies to include direct oxidative cleavage of heme-containing proteolytic fragments of c-type cytochromes and helps to explain why certain oligopeptide permeases show specificity for the import of heme in addition to peptides.
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Understanding molecular enzymology of porphyrin-binding α + β barrel proteins - One fold, multiple functions. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1869:140536. [PMID: 32891739 PMCID: PMC7611857 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is a high functional diversity within the structural superfamily of porphyrin-binding dimeric α + β barrel proteins. In this review we aim to analyze structural constraints of chlorite dismutases, dye-decolorizing peroxidases and coproheme decarboxylases in detail. We identify regions of structural variations within the highly conserved fold, which are most likely crucial for functional specificities. The loop linking the two ferredoxin-like domains within one subunit can be of different sequence lengths and can adopt various structural conformations, consequently defining the shape of the substrate channels and the respective active site architectures. The redox cofactor, heme b or coproheme, is oriented differently in either of the analyzed enzymes. By thoroughly dissecting available structures and discussing all available results in the context of the respective functional mechanisms of each of these redox-active enzymes, we highlight unsolved mechanistic questions in order to spark future research in this field.
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Clark J, Terwilliger A, Nguyen C, Green S, Nobles C, Maresso A. Heme catabolism in the causative agent of anthrax. Mol Microbiol 2019; 112:515-531. [PMID: 31063630 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A challenge common to all bacterial pathogens is to acquire nutrients from hostile host environments. Iron is an important cofactor required for essential cellular processes such as DNA repair, energy production and redox balance. Within a mammalian host, most iron is sequestered within heme, which in turn is predominantly bound by hemoglobin. While little is understood about the mechanisms by which bacterial hemophores attain heme from host-hemoglobin, even less is known about intracellular heme processing. Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, displays a remarkable ability to grow in mammalian hosts. Hypothesizing this pathogen harbors robust ways to catabolize heme, we characterize two new intracellular heme-binding proteins that are distinct from the previously described IsdG heme monooxygenase. The first of these, HmoA, binds and degrades heme, is necessary for heme detoxification and facilitates growth on heme iron sources. The second protein, HmoB, binds and degrades heme too, but is not necessary for heme utilization or virulence. The loss of both HmoA and IsdG renders B. anthracis incapable of causing anthrax disease. The additional loss of HmoB in this background increases clearance of bacilli in lungs, which is consistent with this protein being important for survival in alveolar macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Clark
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Austen Terwilliger
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chinh Nguyen
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sabrina Green
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chris Nobles
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony Maresso
- Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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