Diversity of the Bosmina (Cladocera: Bosminidae) in China, revealed by analysis of two genetic markers (mtDNA 16S and a nuclear ITS)

Intensified sensitivity and adaptability of zooplankton Bosminidae in subtropical shallow freshwater lakes with increasing trophic level

The deterioration in lake water environments, especially increasing lake eutrophication, is prevalent all over the world, which has seriously affected the balance and stability of the internal ecosystem of lakes. In this study, modern water and sediment samples were collected from three subtropical freshwater lakes with significant differences in nutrient levels to analyze the concentration of the zooplankton Cladocera Bosminidae and its relationship with lakes’ ecological changes. The results show that the deterioration in lake water environments caused by increasing eutrophication limits the survival of most zooplankton. However, the Bosminidae shows a positive adaptability to eutrophication and high sensitivity to the changes in the lake environment. In addition, the lake eutrophication process caused by the intensification of human activities enhances the survival advantage of Bosminidae with more food sources, which is more conducive to its rapid reproduction.

Complete mitochondrial genome of Bosmina fatalis (Cladocera: Bosminidae) and its phylogenetic analysis

Bosmina is a globally distributed zooplankton that adapts to a eutrophic environment. In this study, we cultivated monoclonal Bosmina fatalis and determined its complete mitochondrial gene sequence using the Illumina HiSeq 4000 platform. It was 15,209 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 rRNA genes, with the A + T content (69.2%) significantly higher than the G + C content (30.9%). All 22 typical tRNA genes had a classical cloverleaf structure, except for tRNAIle. The complete mitochondrial genome of nine other cladoceran species was used to reconstruct a phylogenetic tree, showing that B. fatalis has a closer relationship with Daphnia than other cladocerans.