1
|
Bounas N, Seretis K. Vitamin D and Cutaneous Melanoma Risk: An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2024; 42:249-266. [PMID: 38662504 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D (VitD) properties can impact cancer cells. Despite the documented link between VitD levels and prevalence of several cancer types, conflicting findings have been reported for cutaneous melanoma (CM). Objective: This overview aims to compile the evidence from existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses, emphasizing the relationships between VitD serum levels, intake, receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms, and CM risk. Methods: A literature search in electronic databases was conducted, based on certain inclusion criteria. Results: Twenty-one studies were included. Conflicting evidence between high VitD serum levels, dietary/supplementary intake, and CM risk is highlighted. VDR polymorphisms may play a role in the intricate CM pathogenesis. Also, high serum levels of VitD are associated with improved CM prognosis. Conclusions: This overview showed that the impact of VitD on CM is not clear, and thus further research is suggested to explore its true effect size on CM risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Bounas
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Seretis
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
De Smedt J, Aura C, Van Kelst S, Janssen L, Marasigan V, Boecxstaens V, Stas M, Bogaerts K, Belmans A, Cleynen I, Vanderschueren D, Vandenberghe K, Bechter O, Nikkels A, Strobbe T, Emri G, Lambrechts D, Garmyn M. Clinical and genetic determinants of vitamin D receptor expression in cutaneous melanoma patients. Melanoma Res 2024; 34:125-133. [PMID: 38348498 PMCID: PMC10906192 DOI: 10.1097/cmr.0000000000000929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Decrease of vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression is observed in melanocytic naevi and melanoma compared to normal skin. Little is known about factors influencing VDR expression in cutaneous melanoma (CM). We investigated the correlation of VDR expression in CM with 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels, demographic/clinical parameters, genetic variants of VDR and pathology of the primary tumor. Demographic/clinical parameters were recorded in 407 prospectively recruited CM patients of a multi-center controlled study (ViDMe trial). We determined VDR expression both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm by semi-quantitative assessment in CM tissue using histochemistry in 279 patients, expressed in percentages and histoscore (H-score). Genomic DNA from 332 patients was extracted to genotype thirteen VDR single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using TaqMan. VDR expression in CM tissue from 279 patients was correlated with clinical/demographic parameters and 25OHD levels (univariable and multivariable analysis), VDR SNPs (univariable analysis) and pathology parameters of primary CM tissue (univariable analysis). Cytoplasmic VDR expression was increased in patients who stated to have a high sun exposure during their life compared to patients with low sun exposure (p H-score,univariable : 0.001, p H-score,multivariable : 0.004). The A allele of the genetic VDR polymorphism Fok1 was associated with a higher expression of the VDR in the cytoplasm (p cytoplasmic, univariable : 0.001 and p H-score, univariable : 0.02). In the primary tumor, presence of mitosis (p nucleus,%, univariable : 0.002) and perineural invasion (p nucleus,%,univariable : 0.03) were significantly associated with low nuclear VDR expression. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01748448.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie De Smedt
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Claudia Aura
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Pathology, University College Dublin, Dublin
| | - Sofie Van Kelst
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Laudine Janssen
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vivien Marasigan
- Department of Surgery, South Infirmary Victoria University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Veerle Boecxstaens
- Oncological and Vascular Access Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology
| | - Marguerite Stas
- Oncological and Vascular Access Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology
| | - Kris Bogaerts
- Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat)
| | - Ann Belmans
- Leuven Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics Centre (L-BioStat)
| | - Isabelle Cleynen
- Laboratory for Complex Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, KU Leuven
| | - Dirk Vanderschueren
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronical Illness and Metabolism, KU Leuven, UZ Leuven
| | | | - Oliver Bechter
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology (LEO), Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, UZ Leuven, Leuven
| | - Arjen Nikkels
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Sart Tilman, University of Liège, Liège
| | - Tinne Strobbe
- Department of Dermatology, Imeldaziekenhuis, Bonheiden, Belgium
| | - Gabriella Emri
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Dieter Lambrechts
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven
- Center for Cancer Biology (VIB), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marjan Garmyn
- Laboratory of Dermatology, Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, UZ Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Podlipnik S, Potrony M, Puig S. Genetic markers for characterization and prediction of prognosis of melanoma subtypes: a 2021 update. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2021; 156:322-330. [PMID: 33982545 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.21.06957-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this article we examined the most important genetic markers involved in melanoma susceptibility, initiation and progression, and their impact on the prognosis of the disease. Current knowledge in melanoma genetics identifies distinct pathways to the development of different melanoma subtypes characterized by specific clinico-pathological features and partially known genetic markers, modulated by high, low or absence of cumulative sun damage. The most prevalent somatic mutations are related to the activation of the MAPK pathway, which are classified into four major subtypes: BRAF mutant, NRAS mutant, NF1 mutant and triple wild type. Moreover, germinal mutations are also involved in the characterization and predictions of prognosis in melanoma. Currently, CDKN2A is seen as the main high-risk gene involved in melanoma susceptibility being mutated in around 20% of melanoma-prone families. Other high-risk susceptibility genes described include CDK4, POT1, BAP1, TERT promoter, ACD, and TERF2IP. Melanoma is one of the most genetically predisposed among all cancers in humans, and ultraviolet light from the sun is the main environmental factor. This genetic predisposition is starting to be understood, impacting not only on the risk of developing melanoma but also on the risk of developing other types of cancer, as well as on the prognosis of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Podlipnik
- Department of Dermatology, University of Barcelona, Hospital of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Unit of Melanoma, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miriam Potrony
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Hospital of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Puig
- Department of Dermatology, University of Barcelona, Hospital of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain - .,Unit of Melanoma, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
de Albuquerque Borborema ME, de Souza Pereira JJ, Dos Santos Peixoto A, Crovella S, Schindler HC, da Silva Rabello MC, de Azevêdo Silva J. Differential distribution in vitamin D receptor gene variants and expression profile in Northeast Brazil influences upon active pulmonary tuberculosis. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7317-7322. [PMID: 32880832 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05762-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease with variable outcomes. This variability is due to host immune capacity in containing the infection process initiated by the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Vitamin D is able to modulate a very specific immune response against MTB infection, and its action relies on vitamin D receptor (VDR) binding. Altered VDR forms may compromise vitamin D pathway and proper immune response after MTB infection. Herein we assessed the relationship of five potentially functional polymorphisms from VDR: rs2228570 FokI, rs11568820 Cdx-2, rs2248098, rs1540339 and rs4760648, with tuberculosis susceptibility. The SNP rs4760648 T/T was associated with differential susceptibility to tuberculosis (OR = 2.50, 95%CI = 1.20-5.36, p = 0.01). The SNP rs1540339 presented association to both T allele (OR = 0.55, 95%CI = 0.35-0.88, p = 0.01) and the T/T genotype (OR = 0.404, 95%CI = 0.20 - 0.78, p = 0.005). The FokI T allele was identified as associated to diminished susceptibility (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.45-0.99, p = 0.04) to active TB, as well as T/T genotype (OR = 0.15, 95%CI = 0.04-0.45, p = 9.58 × 10-5). We also performed the expression analyses and observed a down-regulation of VDR in patients (-10.717 FC, p = 8.42e-12), and according to the presence of associated FokI SNP, we observed that the C/T and T/T genotypes presence increases VDR expression (+ 1.25 and + 2.35 FC, p = 0.425 and p = 0.506, respectively). This study shows that vitamin D receptor variants can influence upon pulmonary tuberculosis susceptibility and VDR mRNA levels are decreased in those patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Eduarda de Albuquerque Borborema
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 50760-901, Brazil
| | - Jorge José de Souza Pereira
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 50760-901, Brazil
| | - Aline Dos Santos Peixoto
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Aggeu Magalhães Research Centre (FIOCRUZ/CPqAM), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 50760-901, Brazil
| | - Haiana Charifker Schindler
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Aggeu Magalhães Research Centre (FIOCRUZ/CPqAM), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline de Azevêdo Silva
- Department of Genetics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Immunopathology Keizo Asami (LIKA), Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Recife, Pernambuco, CEP 50760-901, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vasilovici AF, Grigore LE, Ungureanu L, Fechete O, Candrea E, Trifa AP, Vișan S, Șenilă S, Cosgarea R. Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and melanoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 17:4162-4169. [PMID: 30944611 PMCID: PMC6444280 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Melanoma represents the most aggressive skin cancer, with an unpredictable and often treatment resistant behavior. The etiology of melanoma is multifactorial and includes both environmental and genetic factors. Recent evidence indicates that vitamin D has a role in the development and progression of melanoma. The biologically active form of vitamin D/1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 acts by binding to a intranuclear receptor; vitamin D receptor (VDR). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the vitamin D receptor gene may alter the expression or the function of the VDR protein leading to various diseases, including melanoma. More than 600 SNPs have been identified in the VDR gene, but only a few have been analyzed in relation to melanoma risk: FokI, TaqI, BsmI, ApaI, Cdx2, EcoRV, and BglI. Individual studies carried on small cohorts of patients reported controversial results. In an attempt to clarify the available data in the literature on this subject, we elaborated a systematic review in which we analyzed the relationship between VDR gene polymorphisms and melanoma risk and progression. We concluded that vitamin D pathway is important for the pathogenesis and the progression of cutaneous melanoma, illustrating the gene-environment interactions, but well-designed prospective studies that include data on both genotypes and phenotypes of vitamin D metabolism are essential in order to understand the mechanisms underlying the association between vitamin D and melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alina F Vasilovici
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Lavinia Elena Grigore
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Dermatology, Municipal Clinical Hospital, 400139 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Loredana Ungureanu
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Fechete
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elisabeta Candrea
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian P Trifa
- Department of Medical Genetics, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Genetics, The Oncology Institute 'Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta', 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Genetics, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 540142 Tîrgu-Mureș, Romania
| | - Simona Vișan
- Department of Genetics, The Oncology Institute 'Prof Dr. Ion Chiricuta', 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Șenilă
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Cosgarea
- Department of Dermatology, 'Iuliu Hațieganu' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dębniak T, Scott RJ, Górski B, Masojć B, Kram A, Maleszka R, Cybulski C, Paszkowska-Szczur K, Kashyap A, Murawa D, Malińska K, Kiedrowicz M, Rogoża-Janiszewska E, Rudnicka H, Deptuła J, Domagała P, Kluźniak W, Lener MR, Lubiński J. BRCA1/2 mutations are not a common cause of malignant melanoma in the Polish population. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204768. [PMID: 30286154 PMCID: PMC6171837 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The association of BRCA1/2 mutations with melanoma is not completely determined; the interpretation of variants of unknown significance is also problematic. To evaluate these issues we explored the molecular basis of melanoma risk by performing whole-exome sequencing on a cohort of 96 unrelated Polish early-onset melanoma patients and targeted sequencing of BRCA1/2 genes on additional 30 melanoma patients with familial aggregation of breast and other cancers. Sequencing was performed on peripheral blood. We evaluated MutationTaster, Polyphen2, SIFT, PROVEAN algorithms, analyzed segregation with cancer disease (in both families with identified BRCA2 variants) and in one family performed LOH (based on 2 primary tumors). We found neither pathogenic mutations nor variants of unknown significance within BRCA1. We identified two BRCA2 variants of unknown significance: c.9334G>A and c.4534 C>T. Disease allele frequency was evaluated by genotyping of 1230 consecutive melanoma cases, 5000 breast cancer patients, 3500 prostate cancers and 9900 controls. Both variants were found to be absent among unselected cancer patients and healthy controls. The MutationTaster, Polyphen2 and SIFT algorithms indicate that c.9334G>A is a damaging variant. Due to lack of tumour tissue LOH analysis could not be performed for this variant. The variant segregated with the disease. The c.4534 C>T variant did not segregate with disease, there was no LOH of the variant. The c.9334G>A variant, classified as a rare variant of unknown significance, on current evidence may predisposes to cancers of the breast, prostate and melanoma. Functional studies to describe how the DNA change affects the protein function and a large multi-center study to evaluate its penetrance are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tadeusz Dębniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | - Rodney J. Scott
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle and the Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bohdan Górski
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Kram
- West Pomeranian Oncology Center, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Cezary Cybulski
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Paszkowska-Szczur
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aniruddh Kashyap
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dawid Murawa
- I Department of Oncological and General Surgery, Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań, Poland
| | - Karolina Malińska
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Emilia Rogoża-Janiszewska
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Helena Rudnicka
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Deptuła
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Domagała
- Department of Pathology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kluźniak
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Marcin R. Lener
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jan Lubiński
- Department of Genetics and Pathomorphology, International Hereditary Cancer Center, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Paolino G, Moliterni E, Corsetti P, Didona D, Bottoni U, Calvieri S, Mattozzi C. Vitamin D and melanoma: state of the art and possible therapeutic uses. GIORN ITAL DERMAT V 2017; 154:64-71. [PMID: 29249122 DOI: 10.23736/s0392-0488.17.05801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Despite the presence of several studies in literature, the real connection between vitamin D serological levels, vitamin D receptor and melanoma remains unclear, probably because of the complex correlation between vitamin D and melanoma. Indeed, UV radiations are not reported as the main risk factor for melanoma in non-sun-exposed, while systemic immunosuppression, anatomical and physiological features may contribute to malignancy. Therefore, the correlation between melanoma cells in sun-exposed areas and vitamin D, as well as vitamin D receptor could be different from the one in melanoma of sun-shielded sites. These differences may also explain the controversial results reported in the literature regarding the correlation between melanoma and vitamin D, as well as the different outcomes in melanoma patients treated with vitamin D as adjuvant therapy. The aim of this review is to highlight the most recent findings about vitamin D and melanoma, focusing on the anatomic site of the primary tumor as well as on the possible therapeutic uses of vitamin D in melanoma patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dario Didona
- Division of Dermatology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Ugo Bottoni
- Department of Dermatology, Magna Grecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ombra MN, Paliogiannis P, Doneddu V, Sini MC, Colombino M, Rozzo C, Stanganelli I, Tanda F, Cossu A, Palmieri G. Vitamin D status and risk for malignant cutaneous melanoma: recent advances. Eur J Cancer Prev 2017; 26:532-541. [PMID: 28125434 PMCID: PMC5627529 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous malignant melanoma, whose incidence is increasing steadily worldwide, is the result of complex interactions between individual genetic factors and environmental risk factors. Ultraviolet radiation represents the most important environmental risk factor for the development of skin cancers, including melanoma. Sun exposure and early sunburn during childhood are the principal causes of cutaneous melanoma insurgence in adults, with double the risk relative to a nonexposed population. Consequently, ultraviolet protection has long been recognized as an important measure to prevent such a malignancy. Biological and epidemiological data suggest that vitamin D status could affect the risk of cancer and play a role in cancer prevention by exerting antiproliferative effects. Solar radiations are critical for vitamin D synthesis in humans; however, uncontrolled and intensive sun exposure is dangerous to skin health and may contribute toward the development of cutaneous malignant melanoma. An optimum balance between sun protection and exposure is thus advocated. Additional research is required to confirm the preventive role of vitamin D in melanoma incidence or a positive influence on patient outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Ombra
- Institute of Food Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), Avellino
| | | | - Valentina Doneddu
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari
| | - Maria C. Sini
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Cancer Genetics Unit, Sassari
| | - Maria Colombino
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Cancer Genetics Unit, Sassari
| | - Carla Rozzo
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Cancer Genetics Unit, Sassari
| | - Ignazio Stanganelli
- Romagna Scientific Institute for the Study and Cure of Tumors, Skin Cancer Unit, Meldola, Italy
| | - Francesco Tanda
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari
| | - Antonio Cossu
- Department of Surgical, Microsurgical and Medical Sciences, University of Sassari
| | - Giuseppe Palmieri
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, National Research Council (CNR), Cancer Genetics Unit, Sassari
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Copeland RL, Beyene D, Apprey V, Daremipouran MR, Naab TJ, Kassim OO, Kanaan YM. DHPLC Elution Patterns of VDR PCR Products Can Predict Prostate Cancer Susceptibility in African American Men. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2017; 14:461-467. [PMID: 29109096 PMCID: PMC6070329 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) is a technique that is used to detect mutations. The aim of the present study was to determine whether DHPLC elution patterns of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene PCR products can serve as indicators of susceptibility to prostate cancer (PCa) risk. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA samples of PCa cases and controls were screened for mutations and/or polymorphisms in coding exons of VDR gene using DHPLC analysis. Logistic regression, phi-coefficient (ϕ), and Backward Wald models were used to analyze the data. RESULTS Similar elution patterns of exons 1, 6, 7 and 9 along with higher prevalence of heteroduplex DNA were observed in PCa samples than in controls. Exons 4 and 8 had highly significant protective effects (p<0.05). Whereas, exons 5, 7, and 9 were perfectly positively correlated with PCa risk (ϕ=1), thus presenting candidate exons significantly associated with susceptibility to PCa. CONCLUSION DHPLC elution patterns of the selected exons could be useful to predict susceptibility to develop PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert L Copeland
- Department of Pharmacology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
- Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Desta Beyene
- Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Victor Apprey
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | | | - Tammey J Naab
- Department of Pathology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Olakunle O Kassim
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| | - Yasmine M Kanaan
- Cancer Center, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A.
- Department of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Morgese F, Soldato D, Pagliaretta S, Giampieri R, Brancorsini D, Torniai M, Rinaldi S, Savini A, Onofri A, Scarpelli M, Berardi R. Impact of phosphoinositide-3-kinase and vitamin D3 nuclear receptor single-nucleotide polymorphisms on the outcome of malignant melanoma patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:75914-75923. [PMID: 29100280 PMCID: PMC5652674 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several studies associating single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) frequencies with tumors outcome have been conducted, nevertheless malignant melanoma literature data are inconclusive. Therefore we evaluate the impact of different genotypes for phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) and vitamin D3 nuclear receptor (VDR) SNPs on melanoma patients’ outcome. Materials and methods Genomic DNA of 88 patients was extracted from blood and tumor samples. SNPs were determined by PCR using TaqMan assays. We selected polymorphisms of the regulatory and catalytic subunit of PI3K (PIK3R1 and PIK3CA genes, respectively), analyzing rs2699887C>T of PIK3CA and rs3730089G>A of PIK3R1 SNPs. Furthermore we considered the following VDR SNPs: rs2228570A>G (Fok1), rs731236A>G (Taq1) and rs1544410C>T (Bsm1). Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method and with Mantel-Haenszel log-rank test. Results The statistical analysis for Fok1 of VDR showed a significant difference in PFS after the first line therapy (median PFS= 21.2 months in the homozygous recessive genotype group vs. 3.3 months of homozygous dominant and heterozygous ones, p= 0.03). In particular, in homozygous recessive patients for Fok1 SNPs of VDR a high rate of histological regression and BRAF (B- Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma gene) mutation were observed. Furthermore, more efficacy of BRAF +/- MEK (MAPK-ERK-Kinase) inhibitors therapies in homozygous recessive patients vs. homozygous dominant and heterozygous ones was shown. Conclusions Our study showed a significant correlation between homozygous recessive genotype of Fok1 SNPs of VDR gene and an increased PFS in patients who underwent a first line therapy with BRAF inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Morgese
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Davide Soldato
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Pagliaretta
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Riccardo Giampieri
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Donatella Brancorsini
- Section of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Deparment of Neuroscience, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Mariangela Torniai
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Rinaldi
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Agnese Savini
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Azzurra Onofri
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Marina Scarpelli
- Section of Pathological Anatomy and Histopathology, Deparment of Neuroscience, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| | - Rossana Berardi
- Clinica Oncologica, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti "Umberto I°-G.M. Lancisi-G. Salesi", Ancona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang J, Wang H, Ji A, Ma L, Wang J, Lian C, Wei Z, Wang L. Vitamin D Signaling Pathways Confer the Susceptibility of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a Northern Chinese Population. Nutr Cancer 2017; 69:593-600. [PMID: 28362172 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1299873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Experimental studies have determined the chemopreventive effects of vitamin D against the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); however, results from the epidemiological studies are not yet well established. The current study aimed to evaluate the associations between plasma vitamin D levels and variants on vitamin D metabolic-related genes with the risks for ESCC. A hospital-based case-control study was performed. Five hundred eighty-two ESCC patients and 569 controls were recruited in a Northern Chinese population. Common variants on vitamin D metabolism-related genes CYP24A1, DHCR7, GC, CYP27B1, and vitamin D receptor (VDR) and the plasma 25(OH)D level were determined. The unconditional logistic regression method was applied to determine the associations between the variants and vitamin D level and ESCC. Higher plasma 25(OH)D was associated with a reduced risk for ESCC, especially for rs2296241, rs11568820, and rs4646536. The variants rs2296241 on CYP24A1 and rs11568820 on VDR are significantly associated with ESCC cancer. Vitamin D signaling pathways may participate in the ESCC development. Further studies with larger sample size are warranted to confirm the results. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether vitamin D supplementation may reduce the ESCC risk in the Chinese population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhou Yang
- a School of Public Health, Central South University , Changsha , Hunan , China.,b Department of Preventive Medicine , Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Haili Wang
- c Central Laboratory , Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Aifang Ji
- c Central Laboratory , Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Liang Ma
- c Central Laboratory , Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Jinsheng Wang
- c Central Laboratory , Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Changhong Lian
- d Department of Oncology , Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Zibai Wei
- d Department of Oncology , Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College , Changzhi , China
| | - Lidong Wang
- e Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
La Marra F, Stinco G, Buligan C, Chiriacò G, Serraino D, Di Loreto C, Cauci S. Immunohistochemical evaluation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression in cutaneous melanoma tissues and four VDR gene polymorphisms. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:162-175. [PMID: 28607807 PMCID: PMC5444928 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective : Vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates vitamin D activity. We examined whether VDR expression in excised melanoma tissues is associated with VDR gene (VDR) polymorphisms.
Methods : We evaluated VDR protein expression (by monoclonal antibody immunostaining), melanoma characteristics, and carriage of VDR-FokI-rs2228570 (C>T),VDR-BsmI-rs1544410 (G>A),VDR-ApaI-rs7975232 (T>G), andVDR-TaqI-rs731236 (T>C) polymorphisms (by restriction fragment length polymorphism). Absence or presence of restriction site was denoted by a capital or lower letter, respectively: " F” and " f” for FokI, " B” and " b” for BsmI, " A” and " a” for ApaI, and " T” and " t” for TaqI endonuclease. Seventy-four Italian cutaneous primary melanomas (52.1±12.7 years old) were studied; 51.4% were stage I, 21.6% stage II, 13.5% stage III, and 13.5% stage IV melanomas. VDR expression was categorized as follows: 100% positivevs. <100%; over the median 20% (high VDR expression) vs. ≤20% (low VDR expression); absence vs. presence of VDR-expressing cells.
Results : Stage I melanomas, Breslow thickness of <1.00 mm, level II Clark invasion, Aa heterozygous genotype, and AaTT combined genotype were more frequent in melanomas with high vs. low VDR expression. Combined genotypes BbAA, bbAa, AATt, BbAATt, and bbAaTT were more frequent in 100% vs. <100% VDR-expressing cells. Combined genotype AATT was more frequent in melanomas lacking VDR expression (odds ratio=14.5; P=0.025). VDR expression was not associated with metastasis, ulceration, mitosis >1, regression, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, tumoral infiltration of vascular tissues, additional skin and non-skin cancers, and melanoma familiarity.
Conclusions : We highlighted that VDR polymorphisms can affect VDR expression in excised melanoma cells. Low VDR expression in AATT carriers is a new finding that merits further study. VDR expression possibly poses implications for vitamin D supplementation against melanoma. VDR expression and VDR genotype may become precise medicinal tools for melanoma in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco La Marra
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stinco
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.,Dermatology Clinic, Udine University-Hospital, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Buligan
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.,Dermatology Clinic, Udine University-Hospital, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Giovanni Chiriacò
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Diego Serraino
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Carla Di Loreto
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Sabina Cauci
- Department of Medical Area, School of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cauci S, Maione V, Buligan C, Linussio M, Serraino D, Stinco G. BsmI (rs1544410) and FokI (rs2228570) vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, smoking, and body mass index as risk factors of cutaneous malignant melanoma in northeast Italy. Cancer Biol Med 2017; 14:302-318. [PMID: 28884047 PMCID: PMC5570607 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2017.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective : To investigate whether vitamin D receptor gene (VDR) BsmI-rs1544410 and FokI-rs2228570 polymorphisms, smoking duration, and body mass index (BMI) are risk factors for cutaneous melanoma, especially metastatic melanoma.
Methods : We studied 120 cutaneous melanoma cases [68 stage I and II non-metastatic melanoma (NMetM) patients, plus 52 Stage III and IV metastatic melanoma (MetM) patients], and 120 matching healthy controls from northeast Italy. VDR polymorphisms were measured by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Absence or presence of BsmI and FokI restriction sites was denoted by " B” and " F” or by " b” and " f,” respectively.
Results : VDR-BsmI bb genotype was more frequent among MetM (32.7%) than among NMetM cases (13.2%), with odds ratio (OR)=3.18. Comparison of all melanoma patients vs healthy controls showed that the following biomarkers were at risk: ≥20 years of smoking (OR=2.43); ≥20 years of smoking combined with bb (OR=4.78), Bb+bb (OR=2.30), Ff (OR=3.04), and Ff+ff (OR=3.08); obesity (BMI>30 kg/m2) alone (OR=3.54); and obesity combined with Bb+bb (OR=3.52), Ff (OR=4.78), and Ff+ff (OR=6.56). Comparison of MetM vs NMetM patients revealed that the following biomarkers were at risk: ≥20 years of smoking (OR=2.39), ≥20 years of smoking combined with bb (OR=5.13), Bb+bb (OR=3.07), and Ff+ff (OR=2.66); and obesity combined with Bb+bb (OR=5.27), Ff (OR=6.28), and Ff+ff (OR=9.18). Triple combination of ≥20 years of smoking, obesity, and Bb+bb yielded OR=9.65 for melanoma patients vs healthy controls and OR=12.2 for MetM vs. NMetM patients.
Conclusions : Risk factors for cutaneous MetM include two VDR polymorphisms combined with smoking duration and obesity. Results suggest gene-environment implications in melanoma susceptibility and severity. Future studies in larger cohorts and in subjects with different genetic background are warranted to extend our findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Cauci
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Maione
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Cinzia Buligan
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.,Dermatology Clinic University Hospital of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| | | | - Diego Serraino
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stinco
- Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine 33100, Italy.,Dermatology Clinic University Hospital of Brescia, Brescia 25123, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hernández-Ostiz S, Pérez-Ramada M, Ortiz B, Requena C, Ribas G, Aznar E, Nagore E. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Patients With Melanoma and Factors Associated With Inadequate Levels. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.adengl.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
|
15
|
Hernández-Ostiz S, Pérez-Ramada MD, Ortiz B, Requena C, Ribas G, Aznar E, Nagore E. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Patients With Melanoma and Factors Associated With Inadequate Levels. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2016; 107:758-764. [PMID: 27418183 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Patients with melanoma appear to take extreme sun-protection measures, which could influence 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels. The aim of this study was to measure 25(OH)D levels in patients with cutaneous melanoma and identify factors associated with inadequate levels. MATERIAL AND METHODS Over a period of 1 year, we prospectively measured serum 25(OH)D in patients with cutaneous melanoma and used logistic regression analysis to identify environmental, phenotypic, and genotypic factors that were associated with insufficient and deficient levels. RESULTS Of 215 patients analyzed, 8.8% had deficient 25(OH)D levels (<10ng/mL) and just 24.7% had normal levels. Insufficient levels (<30ng/mL) were associated with obesity (odds ratio [OR], 4.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-13.3) and blood sampling in autumn/winter (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4). Deficient levels (<10ng/mL) were associated with obesity (OR, 7.1; 95% CI, 1.1-46.9), blood sampling in autumn/winter (OR, 9.0; 95% CI, 1.7-47.0), absence of freckles (OR, 5.4; 95% CI, 1.2-23.4), and, with marginal significance, the presence of fewer than 2 nonsynonymous melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) polymorphisms (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 0.9-28.9). LIMITATIONS Some factors related to 25(OH)D levels, such as food, were not included in the analyses. CONCLUSIONS 25(OH)D levels should be monitored in patients with melanoma and the need for oral supplements should be contemplated where appropriate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Hernández-Ostiz
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Dermatología, Valencia, España
| | - M D Pérez-Ramada
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Dermatología, Valencia, España
| | - B Ortiz
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos y Microbiología, Instituto Valenciano de Dermatología, Valencia, España
| | - C Requena
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Dermatología, Valencia, España
| | - G Ribas
- Servicio de Onco-Hematología, Hospital Clínic Universitari de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - E Aznar
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos y Microbiología, Instituto Valenciano de Dermatología, Valencia, España
| | - E Nagore
- Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Dermatología, Valencia, España.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Morrone LF, Bolasco P, Camerini C, Cianciolo G, Cupisti A, Galassi A, Mazzaferro S, Russo D, Russo L, Cozzolino M. Vitamin D in patients with chronic kidney disease: a position statement of the Working Group "Trace Elements and Mineral Metabolism" of the Italian Society of Nephrology. J Nephrol 2016; 29:305-328. [PMID: 27062486 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-016-0305-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In the late 1970s, calcitriol was introduced into clinical practice for the management of secondary renal hyperparathyroidism in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Since then, the use of calcifediol or other native forms of vitamin D was largely ignored until the publication of the 2009 Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) recommendations. The guidelines suggested that measurement of circulating levels of 25(OH)D (calcifediol) and its supplementation were to be performed on the same basis as for the general population. This indication was based on the fact that the precursors of active vitamin D had provided to CKD patients considerable benefits in survival, mainly due to their pleiotropic effects on the cardiovascular system. However, despite the long-term use of various classes of vitamin D in CKD, a clear definition is still lacking concerning the most appropriate time for initiation of therapy, the best compound to prescribe (active metabolites or analogs), the proper dosage, and the most suitable duration of therapy. The aim of this position statement is to provide and critically appraise the current plentiful evidence on vitamin D in different clinical settings related to CKD, particularly focusing on outcomes, monitoring and treatment-associated risks. However, it should be taken in account that position statements are meant to provide guidance; therefore, they are not to be considered prescriptive for all patients and, importantly, they cannot replace the judgment of clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Francesco Morrone
- Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, University Hospital "Policlinico", Bari, Italy.
| | - Pergiorgio Bolasco
- Territorial Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis-ASL 8 of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Corrado Camerini
- Operative Unit of Nephrology, AO Spedali Civili di Brescia and University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Cianciolo
- Nephrology Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Unit, S. Orsola University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Adamasco Cupisti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Sandro Mazzaferro
- Department of Cardiovascular Respiratory Nephrologic Anesthetic and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Russo
- Department of Public Health, Unit of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Russo
- Department of Public Health, Unit of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cozzolino
- Renal Division and Laboratory of Experimental Nephrology, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Xu X, Mao J, Zhang M, Liu H, Li H, Lei H, Han L, Gao M. Vitamin D Deficiency in Uygurs and Kazaks Is Associated with Polymorphisms in CYP2R1 and DHCR7/NADSYN1 Genes. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1960-8. [PMID: 26149120 PMCID: PMC4501656 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Our study is aimed to 1) clarify the vitamin D status in Uygur and Kazak ethnic populations and 2) elucidate the relationship between 14 SNPs (in 5 vitamin D-related genes) and vitamin D deficiency in these 2 ethnic populations. Material/Methods A multistage-cluster sampling survey was carried out for residents with Uygur or Kazak ethnicity in Xinjiang, China. Anthropometric measurements were taken and the concentrations of 25OHD were measured. Fourteen common variants in VDR, GC, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, and DHCR7/NADSYN1 were genotyped by using multiple SNaPshot assay. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the possible risk factors for vitamin D deficiency, after adjusting for several environmental and biological factors. The pattern of SNP associations was distinct between Uygurs and Kazaks. Results Anthropometric measurements and the concentrations of 25OHD were obtained from 1873 participants (945 Uygur ethnic and 928 Kazak ethnic). The genotypes of 14 SNPs were measured for 300 Uygurs and 300 Kazaks. The median 25OHD concentration was as low as 10.4 ng/ml in Uygurs and 16.2ng/ml in Kazaks. In Uygurs, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, in-sufficiency, and sufficiency was 91.2%, 5.8%, and 3.0%, respectively. CYP2R1-rs10766197 was significantly associated with the presence of vitamin D deficiency in the Uygur ethnic population (P=0.019, OR=6.533, 95%C.I.: 361–31.357), while DHCR7/NADSYN1-rs12785878 was significantly associated with the presence of vitamin D deficiency in the Kazak ethnic population (P=0.011, OR=2.442, 95%C.I.: 1.224–4.873). Of 10 SNPs in VDR and GC genes, none was associated with vitamin D status in these 2 ethnic populations. Conclusions Vitamin D insufficiency is highly prevalent in Uygurs and Kazaks living in Xinjiang, China. Polymorphisms in CYP2R1-rs10766197 and DHCR7/NADSYN1-rs12785878 are associated with vitamin D deficiency in Uygur and Kazak ethnic populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinjuan Xu
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jiangfeng Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Mingchen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Haiming Liu
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Hong Lei
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Lu Han
- Department of Cardiology, Xinjiang Armed Police Hospital, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Min Gao
- Department of Hypertension, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|