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Cortés-Sarabia K, Medina-Flores Y, Alarcón-Romero LDC, Mata-Ruíz O, Vences-Velázquez A, Rodríguez-Ruíz HA, Valdés J, Ortuño-Pineda C. Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against the DNA binding domain of the RE1-silencing transcription factor. J Biochem 2019; 166:393-402. [DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvz046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
The use of monoclonal antibodies for the detection of cellular biomarkers during carcinogenesis provides new strategies for cancer diagnosis or prognosis in patients. Loss of the Restrictive Element 1-Silencing Transcription (REST) factor has been observed in previous molecular and immunological approaches in aggressive breast cancer, small cell lung cancer, liver carcinoma, and colo-rectal cancer; however, for clinic diagnosis, monoclonal antibodies for REST recognition are unavailable. The goal of this work was to design, produce and characterize monoclonal antibodies against the REST DNA binding damain (DBD) that would be suitable for immunoassays. We searched for conserved domains, and immunogenic and antigenic sites in the REST structure via in silico analysis. For mice immunization, we used a recombinant REST DBD purified by affinity chromatography, and then Hybridomas were generated by mouse spleen fusion with myeloma cells. Finally, for monoclonal antibody characterization, we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent (ELISA), western blot, dot blot, immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunoprecipitation assays. Results showed that the DBD is conserved in REST isoforms and contains immunogenic and antigenic sites. We generated three clones producing monoclonal antibodies against REST DBD, one of them specifically recognized native REST and was suitable for ICC in samples from patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Cortés-Sarabia
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | - Yolanda Medina-Flores
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos “Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”, Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Lomas de Plateros, Ciudad de México
| | - Luz Del Carmen Alarcón-Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | - Olga Mata-Ruíz
- Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos “Dr. Manuel Martínez Báez”, Francisco de P. Miranda 177, Lomas de Plateros, Ciudad de México
| | - Amalia Vences-Velázquez
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | - Hugo Alberto Rodríguez-Ruíz
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
| | - Jesús Valdés
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 2508, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Carlos Ortuño-Pineda
- Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Av. Lázaro Cárdenas s/n, Chilpancingo, Guerrero
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3
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Dobson THW, Tao RH, Swaminathan J, Maegawa S, Shaik S, Bravo-Alegria J, Sharma A, Kennis B, Yang Y, Callegari K, Haltom AR, Taylor P, Kogiso M, Qi L, Khatua S, Goldman S, Lulla RR, Fangusaro J, MacDonald TJ, Li XN, Hawkins C, Rajaram V, Gopalakrishnan V. Transcriptional repressor REST drives lineage stage-specific chromatin compaction at Ptch1 and increases AKT activation in a mouse model of medulloblastoma. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/565/eaan8680. [PMID: 30670636 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aan8680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In medulloblastomas (MBs), the expression and activity of RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) is increased in tumors driven by the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway, specifically the SHH-α (children 3 to 16 years) and SHH-β (infants) subgroups. Neuronal maturation is greater in SHH-β than SHH-α tumors, but both correlate with poor overall patient survival. We studied the contribution of REST to MB using a transgenic mouse model (RESTTG ) wherein conditional NeuroD2-controlled REST transgene expression in lineage-committed Ptch1 +/- cerebellar granule neuron progenitors (CGNPs) accelerated tumorigenesis and increased penetrance and infiltrative disease. This model revealed a neuronal maturation context-specific antagonistic interplay between the transcriptional repressor REST and the activator GLI1 at Ptch1 Expression of Arrb1, which encodes β-arrestin1 (a GLI1 inhibitor), was substantially reduced in proliferating and, to a lesser extent, lineage-committed RESTTG cells compared with wild-type proliferating CGNPs. Lineage-committed RESTTG cells also had decreased GLI1 activity and increased histone H3K9 methylation at the Ptch1 locus, which correlated with premature silencing of Ptch1 These cells also had decreased expression of Pten, which encodes a negative regulator of the kinase AKT. Expression of PTCH1 and GLI1 were less, and ARRB1 was somewhat greater, in patient SHH-β than SHH-α MBs, whereas that of PTEN was similarly lower in both subtypes than in others. Inhibition of histone modifiers or AKT reduced proliferation and induced apoptosis, respectively, in cultured REST-high MB cells. Our findings linking REST to differentiation-specific chromatin remodeling, PTCH1 silencing, and AKT activation in MB tissues reveal potential subgroup-specific therapeutic targets for MB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara H W Dobson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Rong-Hua Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Shinji Maegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shavali Shaik
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Javiera Bravo-Alegria
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bridget Kennis
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yanwen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Keri Callegari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amanda R Haltom
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pete Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mari Kogiso
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lin Qi
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Soumen Khatua
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Stewart Goldman
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rishi R Lulla
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Jason Fangusaro
- Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | - Xiao-Nan Li
- Texas Children's Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Department of Pathology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Veena Rajaram
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Vidya Gopalakrishnan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. .,Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Brain Tumor Center, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Center for Cancer Epigenetics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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4
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Sadakierska-Chudy A, Frankowska M, Miszkiel J, Wydra K, Jastrzębska J, Filip M. Prolonged Induction of miR-212/132 and REST Expression in Rat Striatum Following Cocaine Self-Administration. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:2241-2254. [PMID: 26944283 PMCID: PMC5355523 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9817-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to cocaine in vivo induces long-term synaptic plasticity associated with the brain’s circuitry that underlies development of repetitive and automatic behaviors called habits. In fact, prolonged drug consumption results in aberrant expression of protein-coding genes and small regulatory RNAs, including miRNAs that are involved in synaptic plasticity and neuroadaptations. However, the mechanisms mediating cocaine use disorder are still not fully understood. The present study is designed to examine the expression of miR-124, miR-132, miR-134, and miR-212, as well as the levels of the Ago2, Pum2, and REST mRNAs and proteins implicated in their regulation. We applied rat cocaine self-administration (SA) and extinction training procedures with a yoked triad to assess the changes in the levels of four miRNAs and three protein-coding genes and corresponding proteins in the dorsal striatum. We demonstrated that elevated expression of mature miR-212 and miR-132 is long-lasting and persists in the drug-free period (till 10-day abstinence). Moreover, mRNA and protein of REST, a regulator of neuronal transcription, was raised selectively in cocaine self-administering rats and Ago2 transcript decreased after cocaine treatment. Unexpectedly, the expression level of Ago2 and Pum2 proteins changed only in the active cocaine-receiving animals. These results point out the important aspects of long-lasting alterations in microRNAs, genes, and protein expressions involved in the control of synaptic plasticity associated with reward and motivation learning related to cocaine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Sadakierska-Chudy
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Frankowska
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Miszkiel
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Wydra
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Jastrzębska
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Filip
- Laboratory of Drug Addiction Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
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