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Potulska-Chromik A, Jędrzejowska M, Gos M, Rosiak E, Kierdaszuk B, Maruszak A, Opuchlik A, Zekanowski C, Fichna JP. Pathogenic Mutations and Putative Phenotype-Affecting Variants in Polish Myofibrillar Myopathy Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10050914. [PMID: 33652732 PMCID: PMC7956316 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10050914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Myofibrillar myopathies (MFM) are heterogeneous hereditary muscle diseases with characteristic myopathological features of Z-disk dissolution and aggregates of its degradation products. The onset and progression of the disease are variable, with an elusive genetic background, and around half of the cases lacking molecular diagnosis. Here, we attempted to establish possible genetic foundations of MFM by performing whole exome sequencing (WES) in eleven unrelated families of 13 patients clinically diagnosed as MFM spectrum. A filtering strategy aimed at identification of variants related to the disease was used and included integrative analysis of WES data and human phenotype ontology (HPO) terms, analysis of muscle-expressed genes, and analysis of the disease-associated interactome. Genetic diagnosis was possible in eight out of eleven cases. Putative causative mutations were found in the DES (two cases), CRYAB, TPM3, and SELENON (four cases) genes, the latter typically presenting with a rigid spine syndrome. Moreover, a variety of additional, possibly phenotype-affecting variants were found. These findings indicate a markedly heterogeneous genetic background of MFM and show the usefulness of next generation sequencing in the identification of disease-associated mutations. Finally, we discuss the emerging concept of variant load as the basis of phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Potulska-Chromik
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.-C.); (B.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Maria Jędrzejowska
- Neuromuscular Unit, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Monika Gos
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 17a Kasprzaka St, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Edyta Rosiak
- II Department of Radiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Biruta Kierdaszuk
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.-C.); (B.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Aleksandra Maruszak
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Andrzej Opuchlik
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1a Banacha St., 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.P.-C.); (B.K.); (A.O.)
| | - Cezary Zekanowski
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.); (C.Z.)
| | - Jakub P. Fichna
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawinskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (A.M.); (C.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-226-086-485
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