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Zang X, Huang Q, Gan J, Jiang L, Meng F, Gu T, Cai G, Li Z, Wu Z, Hong L. Protein Dynamic Landscape of Pig Embryos during Peri-Implantation Development. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:775-785. [PMID: 38227546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Properly developed embryos are critical for successful embryo implantation. The dynamic landscape of proteins as executors of biological processes in pig peri-implantation embryos has not been reported so far. In this study, we collected pig embryos from days 9, 12, and 15 of pregnancy during the peri-implantation stage for a PASEF-based quantitative proteomic analysis. In total, approximately 8000 proteins were identified. These proteins were classified as stage-exclusive proteins and stage-specific proteins, respectively, based on their presence and dynamic abundance changes at each stage. Functional analysis showed that their roles are consistent with the physiological processes of corresponding stages, such as the biosynthesis of amino acids and peptides at P09, the regulation of actin cytoskeletal organization and complement activation at P12, and the vesicular transport at P15. Correlation analysis between mRNAs and proteins showed a general positive correlation between pig peri-implantation embryonic mRNAs and proteins. Cross-species comparisons with human early embryos identified some conserved proteins that may be important in regulating embryonic development, such as STAT3, AP2A1, and PFAS. Our study provides a comprehensive overview of the pig embryo proteome during implantation, fills gaps in relevant developmental studies, and identifies some important proteins that may serve as potential targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qiuying Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jianyu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Fanming Meng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ting Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu 527300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu 527300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zicong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu 527300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu 527300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Yunfu Subcenter of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Yunfu 527300, China
- Key Laboratory of South China Modern Biological Seed Industry, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510642, China
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2
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Kaczynski P, Goryszewska-Szczurek E, Baryla M, Waclawik A. Novel insights into conceptus-maternal signaling during pregnancy establishment in pigs. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:658-672. [PMID: 35385215 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Pregnancy establishment in mammals, including pigs, requires coordinated communication between developing conceptuses (embryos with associated membranes) and the maternal organism. Porcine conceptuses signalize their presence by secreting multiple factors, of which estradiol-17β (E2) is considered the major embryonic signal initiating the maternal recognition of pregnancy. During this time, a limited supply of prostaglandin (PGF2α) to the corpora lutea and an increased secretion of luteoprotective factors (e.g., E2 and prostaglandin E2 [PGE2]) lead to the corpus luteum's maintained function of secreting progesterone, which in turn primes the uterus for implantation. Further, embryo implantation is related to establishing an appropriate proinflammatory environment coordinated by the secretion of proinflammatory mediators including cytokines, growth factors, and lipid mediators of both endometrial and conceptus origin. The novel, dual role of PGF2α has been underlined. Recent studies involving high-throughput technologies and sophisticated experimental models identified a number of novel factors and revealed complex relationships between these factors and those already established. Hence, it seems that early pregnancy should be regarded as a sequence of processes orchestrated by pleiotropic factors that are involved in redundancy and compensatory mechanisms that preserve the essential functions critical for implantation and placenta formation. Therefore, establishing the hierarchy between all molecules present at the embryo-maternal interface is now even more challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kaczynski
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Monika Baryla
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waclawik
- Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research of Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
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3
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Miles JR, Walsh SC, Rempel LA, Pannier AK. Mechanisms regulating the initiation of porcine conceptus elongation. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:646-657. [PMID: 35719060 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Significant increases in litter size within commercial swine production over the past decades have led to increases in preweaning piglet mortality due to increase within-litter birthweight variation, typically due to mortality of the smallest littermate piglets. Therefore, identifying mechanisms to reduce variation in placental development and subsequent fetal growth are critical to normalizing birthweight variation and improving piglet survivability in high-producing commercial pigs. A major contributing factor to induction of within-litter variation occurs during the peri-implantation period as the pig blastocyst elongates from spherical to filamentous morphology in a short period of time and rapidly begins superficial implantation. During this period, there is significant within-litter variation in the timing and extent of elongation among littermates. As a result, delays and deficiencies in conceptus elongation not only contribute directly to early embryonic mortality, but also influence subsequent within-litter birthweight variation. This study will highlight key aspects of conceptus elongation and provide some recent evidence pertaining to specific mechanisms from -omics studies (i.e., metabolomics of the uterine environment and transcriptomics of the conceptus) that may specifically regulate the initiation of conceptus elongation to identify potential factors to reduce within-litter variation and improve piglet survivability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Miles
- USDA, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC), Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Sophie C Walsh
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Lea A Rempel
- USDA, U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC), Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Angela K Pannier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL), Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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4
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Expression profile of genes related to pregnancy maintenance in Dromedary Camel during the first trimester. Anim Reprod Sci 2023; 251:107211. [PMID: 36990016 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2023.107211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
So far, few signals involved in embryo-maternal dialogue have been identified in pregnant she-camel. Our objective was to investigate expression profiles of genes relevant to uterine extracellular matrix remodeling (ITGB4, SLCO2A1, FOS, and JUN), uterine tissue vascularization, and placental formation (VEGFA, PGF, and PDGFA), embryonic growth and development (IGF1 and PTEN), plus cell death of uterine tissue (BCL2) in early pregnant versus non-pregnant she-camels. Forty genital tracts (20 pregnant and 20 non-pregnant) and blood samples were collected from abattoirs. Total RNA was extracted from uterine tissues and qRT-PCR was conducted for candidate genes. Serum concentrations of progesterone (P4) and estradiol17-β (E2) were measured. Expression of ITGB4, FOS, and PGF genes increased (P < 0.001) in the right uterine horn of pregnant versus non-pregnant she-camels. Moreover, JUN, SLCO2A1, VEGFA, and PTEN mRNAs were up-regulated (P < 0.001) in various segments of uterine tissues in pregnant groups. The PDGFA transcript was over-expressed (P < 0.001) in both uterine horns of pregnant groups. Additionally, IGF1 was higher (P < 0.001) in the right horn and the uterine body of pregnant groups, and expression of BCL2 was increased (P < 0.001) in the pregnant uterine body. Moreover, serum concentrations of P4 were higher (P < 0.001) and E2 lower (P < 0.05) in pregnant she-camels. Taken together, the fine-tuning of genes related to implantation, matrix formation, vascularization, and placental formation is highly required for successful pregnancy in she-camels.
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5
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Walsh SC, Miles JR, Keel BN, Rempel LA, Wright-Johnson EC, Lindholm-Perry AK, Oliver WT, Pannier AK. Global analysis of differential gene expression within the porcine conceptus transcriptome as it transitions through spherical, ovoid, and tubular morphologies during the initiation of elongation. Mol Reprod Dev 2022; 89:175-201. [PMID: 35023252 PMCID: PMC9305853 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to identify transcriptome differences between distinct or transitional stage spherical, ovoid, and tubular porcine blastocysts throughout the initiation of elongation. We performed a global transcriptome analysis of differential gene expression using RNA‐Seq with high temporal resolution between spherical, ovoid, and tubular stage blastocysts at specific sequential stages of development from litters containing conceptus populations of distinct or transitional blastocysts. After RNA‐Seq analysis, significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and pathways were identified between distinct morphologies or sequential development stages. Overall, 1898 significant DEGs were identified between distinct spherical and ovoid morphologies, with 311 total DEGs between developmental stages throughout this first morphological transition, while 15 were identified between distinct ovoid and tubular, with eight total throughout these second morphological transition developmental stages. The high quantity of DEGs and pathways between conceptus stages throughout the spherical to ovoid transition suggests the importance of gene regulation during this first morphological transition for initiating elongation. Further, extensive DEG coverage of known elongation signaling pathways was illustrated from spherical to ovoid, and regulation of lipid signaling and membrane/ECM remodeling across these early conceptus stages were implicated as essential to this process, providing novel insights into potential mechanisms governing this rapid morphological change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Walsh
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Jeremy R Miles
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Brittney N Keel
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | - Lea A Rempel
- U.S. Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, Nebraska, USA
| | | | | | | | - Angela K Pannier
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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6
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Spatiotemporal endometrial transcriptome analysis revealed the luminal epithelium as key player during initial maternal recognition of pregnancy in the mare. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22293. [PMID: 34785745 PMCID: PMC8595723 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01785-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the period of maternal recognition of pregnancy (MRP) in the mare, the embryo needs to signal its presence to the endometrium to prevent regression of the corpus luteum and prepare for establishment of pregnancy. This is achieved by mechanical stimuli and release of various signaling molecules by the equine embryo while migrating through the uterus. We hypothesized that embryo's signals induce changes in the endometrial gene expression in a highly cell type-specific manner. A spatiotemporal transcriptomics approach was applied combining laser capture microdissection and low-input-RNA sequencing of luminal and glandular epithelium (LE, GE), and stroma of biopsy samples collected from days 10-13 of pregnancy and the estrous cycle. Two comparisons were performed, samples derived from pregnancies with conceptuses ≥ 8 mm in diameter (comparison 1) and conceptuses ≤ 8 mm (comparison 2) versus samples from cyclic controls. The majority of gene expression changes was identified in LE and much lower numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in GE and stroma. While 1253 DEGs were found for LE in comparison 1, only 248 were found in comparison 2. Data mining mainly focused on DEGs in LE and revealed regulation of genes related to prostaglandin transport, metabolism, and signaling, as well as transcription factor families that could be involved in MRP. In comparison to other mammalian species, differences in regulation of genes involved in epithelial barrier formation and conceptus attachment and implantation reflected the unique features of equine reproduction at the time of MRP at the molecular level.
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7
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Goszczynski DE, Tinetti PS, Choi YH, Ross PJ, Hinrichs K. Allele-specific expression analysis reveals conserved and unique features of preimplantation development in equine ICSI embryos. Biol Reprod 2021; 105:1416-1426. [PMID: 34515759 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioab174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic genome activation and dosage compensation are major genetic events in early development. Combined analysis of single embryo RNA-seq data and parental genome sequencing was used to evaluate parental contributions to early development and investigate X-chromosome dynamics. In addition, we evaluated dimorphism in gene expression between male and female embryos. Evaluation of parent-specific gene expression revealed a minor increase in paternal expression at the 4-cell stage that increased at the 8-cell stage. We also detected eight genes with allelic expression bias that may have an important role in early development, notably NANOGNB. The main actor in X-chromosome inactivation, XIST, was significantly upregulated at the 8-cell, morula, and blastocyst stages in female embryos, with high expression at the latter. Sexual dimorphism in gene expression was identified at all stages, with strong representation of the X-chromosome in females from the 16-cell to the blastocyst stage. Female embryos showed biparental X-chromosome expression at all stages after the 4-cell stage, demonstrating the absence of imprinted X-inactivation at the embryo level. The analysis of gene dosage showed incomplete dosage compensation (0.5 < X:A < 1) in MII oocytes and embryos up to the 4-cell stage, an increase of the X:A ratio at the 16-cell and morula stages after genome activation, and a decrease of the X:A ratio at the blastocyst stage, which might be associated with the beginning of X-chromosome inactivation. This study represents the first critical analysis of parent- and sex-specific gene expression in early equine embryos produced in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- D E Goszczynski
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - P S Tinetti
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Y H Choi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - P J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - K Hinrichs
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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8
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van der Weijden VA, Schmidhauser M, Kurome M, Knubben J, Flöter VL, Wolf E, Ulbrich SE. Transcriptome dynamics in early in vivo developing and in vitro produced porcine embryos. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:139. [PMID: 33639836 PMCID: PMC7913449 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07430-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The transcriptional changes around the time of embryonic genome activation in pre-implantation embryos indicate that this process is highly dynamic. In vitro produced porcine blastocysts are known to be less competent than in vivo developed blastocysts. To understand the conditions that compromise developmental competence of in vitro embryos, it is crucial to evaluate the transcriptional profile of porcine embryos during pre-implantation stages. In this study, we investigated the transcriptome dynamics in in vivo developed and in vitro produced 4-cell embryos, morulae and hatched blastocysts. RESULTS In vivo developed and in vitro produced embryos displayed largely similar transcriptome profiles during development. Enriched canonical pathways from the 4-cell to the morula transition that were shared between in vivo developed and in vitro produced embryos included oxidative phosphorylation and EIF2 signaling. The shared canonical pathways from the morula to the hatched blastocyst transition were 14-3-3-mediated signaling, xenobiotic metabolism general signaling pathway, and NRF2-mediated oxidative stress response. The in vivo developed and in vitro produced hatched blastocysts further were compared to identify molecular signaling pathways indicative of lower developmental competence of in vitro produced hatched blastocysts. A higher metabolic rate and expression of the arginine transporter SLC7A1 were found in in vitro produced hatched blastocysts. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that embryos with compromised developmental potential are arrested at an early stage of development, while embryos developing to the hatched blastocyst stage display largely similar transcriptome profiles, irrespective of the embryo source. The hatched blastocysts derived from the in vitro fertilization-pipeline showed an enrichment in molecular signaling pathways associated with lower developmental competence, compared to the in vivo developed embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera A van der Weijden
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Meret Schmidhauser
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mayuko Kurome
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Knubben
- Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Veronika L Flöter
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland.,Physiology Weihenstephan, Technical University Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, and Center for Innovative Medical Models (CiMM), LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne E Ulbrich
- ETH Zurich, Animal Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Zang X, Gu T, Hu Q, Xu Z, Xie Y, Zhou C, Zheng E, Huang S, Xu Z, Meng F, Cai G, Wu Z, Hong L. Global Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Genes Involved in Conceptus Development During the Implantation Stages in Pigs. Front Genet 2021; 12:584995. [PMID: 33719331 PMCID: PMC7943634 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.584995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Prenatal mortality remains a significant concern to the pig farming industry around the world. Spontaneous fetal loss ranging from 20 to 45% by term occur after fertilization, with most of the loss happening during the implantation period. Since the factors regulating the high mortality rates of early conceptus during implantation phases are poorly understood, we sought to analyze the overall gene expression changes during this period, and identify the molecular mechanisms involved in conceptus development. This work employed Illumina's next-generation sequencing (RNA-Seq) and quantitative real-time PCR to analyze differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Soft clustering was subsequently used for the cluster analysis of gene expression. We identified 8236 DEGs in porcine conceptus at day 9, 12, and 15 of pregnancy. Annotation analysis of these genes revealed rRNA processing (GO:0006364), cell adhesion (GO:1904874), and heart development (GO:0007507), as the most significantly enriched biological processes at day 9, 12, and 15 of pregnancy, respectively. In addition, we found various genes, such as T-complex 1, RuvB-like AAA ATPase 2, connective tissue growth factor, integrins, interferon gamma, SLA-1, chemokine ligand 9, PAG-2, transforming growth factor beta receptor 1, and Annexin A2, that play essential roles in conceptus morphological development and implantation in pigs. Furthermore, we investigated the function of PAG-2 in vitro and found that PAG-2 can inhibit trophoblast cell proliferation and migration. Our analysis provides a valuable resource for understanding the mechanisms of conceptus development and implantation in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xupeng Zang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qun Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiqian Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanshe Xie
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enqin Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sixiu Huang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanming Meng
- Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Gengyuan Cai
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhenfang Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
| | - Linjun Hong
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Liu T, Li J, Yu L, Sun HX, Li J, Dong G, Hu Y, Li Y, Shen Y, Wu J, Gu Y. Cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals pre-gastrulation developmental differences among pigs, monkeys, and humans. Cell Discov 2021; 7:8. [PMID: 33531465 PMCID: PMC7854681 DOI: 10.1038/s41421-020-00238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interspecies blastocyst complementation enables organ-specific enrichment of xenogeneic pluripotent stem cell (PSC) derivatives, which raises an intriguing possibility to generate functional human tissues/organs in an animal host. However, differences in embryo development between human and host species may constitute the barrier for efficient chimera formation. Here, to understand these differences we constructed a complete single-cell landscape of early embryonic development of pig, which is considered one of the best host species for human organ generation, and systematically compared its epiblast development with that of human and monkey. Our results identified a developmental coordinate of pluripotency spectrum among pigs, humans and monkeys, and revealed species-specific differences in: (1) pluripotency progression; (2) metabolic transition; (3) epigenetic and transcriptional regulations of pluripotency; (4) cell surface proteins; and (5) trophectoderm development. These differences may prevent proper recognition and communication between donor human cells and host pig embryos, resulting in low integration and survival of human cells. These results offer new insights into evolutionary conserved and divergent processes during mammalian development and may be helpful for developing effective strategies to overcome low human-pig chimerism, thereby enabling the generation of functional human organs in pigs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbin Liu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Jie Li
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China
| | - Leqian Yu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Hai-Xi Sun
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Jing Li
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Guoyi Dong
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Yong Li
- BGI Institute of Applied Agriculture, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Yue Shen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. .,Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| | - Ying Gu
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China. .,BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518083, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518120, China. .,Institute for Stem cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
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