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Kan L, Liao Q, Chen Z, Wang S, Ma Y, Su Z, Zhang L. Dynamic Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses of Madhuca pasquieri (Dubard) H. J. Lam During the Post-germination Stages. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:731203. [PMID: 34659296 PMCID: PMC8516028 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.731203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The wild population of Madhuca pasquieri (Dubard) H. J. Lam is currently dwindling; its understory seedlings are rare, and there is a lack of molecular studies, which impedes the conservation of this species. This study exploited second-generation sequencing and widely targeted metabolomics analysis to uncover the dynamic changes in differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in five post-germination stages of M. pasquieri whole organism. Notably, the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), transcriptome, and metabolome association analyses all indicated significant enrichment of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway in stage 4 (two-leaf), and an upregulation of the genes encoding flavonol biosynthesis in this stage. In stage 5 (nine-leaf), the flavonols were significantly accumulated, indicating that the changes in metabolites were driven at the transcript level. According to the significant changes in gene expression encoding auxin transport carriers and their correlation with flavonols during stage 5, the flavonols were speculated to have a direct inhibitory effect on the expression of PIN4 encoding gene, which may inhibit the process of polar auxin transport. The results provided important insights into the molecular network relationships between the transcription and metabolism of this rare and endangered species during the post-germination stages and explained the reasons for the slow growth of its seedlings at the molecular level.
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Qu C, Zhang S, Zhao H, Chen J, Zuo Z, Sun X, Cheng Y, Xu Z, Liu G. Analysis of the energy source at the early stage of poplar seed germination: verification of Perl's pathway. 3 Biotech 2020; 10:418. [PMID: 32953380 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-020-02413-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced at the early stage of seed germination and provides the energy for metabolism. The source of ATP in seeds may be Perl's pathway, but this has not yet been confirmed. In this study, using germinating seeds of poplar as the experimental materials, the transcript levels of genes related to Perl's pathway were determined by real-time PCR. The activities of enzymes in Perl's pathway were also determined. The results were verified by comparison with RNA-Seq and metabolomics data. The results showed that there were high transcript levels of some genes encoding malate dehydrogenase (MDH), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), and pyruvate kinase (PK) at the early stage of germination (0.75 h). The enzymes MDH, PEPCK, PK, PDC, and ADH showed peaks in activity at around 0.75 h and 6 h during germination. The oxaloacetate concentration was high in poplar seeds at the early stage of germination. This study provides experimental data showing that Perl's pathway participates in supplying energy during the early stages of poplar seed germination, and lays the foundation for further studies on the complex metabolic processes that function during seed germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunpu Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Hancheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Jinyuan Chen
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiru Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 China
| | - Guanjun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University), School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, 51 Hexing Road, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040 People's Republic of China
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040 People's Republic of China
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