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Qiu M, Qiu L, Deng Q, Fang Z, Sun L, Wang Y, Gooneratne R, Zhao J. L-Cysteine hydrochloride inhibits Aspergillus flavus growth and AFB 1 synthesis by disrupting cell structure and antioxidant system balance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132218. [PMID: 37552922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most potent known naturally occurring carcinogen and pose an immense threat to food safety and human health. L-Cysteine hydrochloride (L-CH) is a food additive often used as a fruit and vegetable preservative and also to approved bread consistency. In this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of L-CH as an antimicrobial on the growth of Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus) and AFB1 biosynthesis. L-CH significantly inhibited A. flavus mycelial growth, affected mycelial morphology and AFB1 synthesis. Furthermore, L-CH induced glutathione (GSH) synthesis which scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). RNA-Seq indicated that L-CH inhibited hyphal branching, and spore and sclerotia formation by controlling cell wall and spore development-related genes. Activation of the GSH metabolic pathway eliminated intracellular ROS, leading to hyphal dwarfing. L-CH treatment downregulated most of the Aflatoxin (AF) cluster genes and aflS, aflR, AFLA_091090 transcription factors. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of L-CH control of A. flavus and AFB1 foundation. We believe that L-CH could be used as a food additive to control AFB1 in foods and also in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Qiu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Qi Deng
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Zhijia Fang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Lijun Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Ocean University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Products of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ravi Gooneratne
- Department of Wine, Food and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Jian Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Agho CA, Kaurilind E, Tähtjärv T, Runno-Paurson E, Niinemets Ü. Comparative transcriptome profiling of potato cultivars infected by late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans: Diversity of quantitative and qualitative responses. Genomics 2023; 115:110678. [PMID: 37406973 PMCID: PMC10548088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2023.110678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The Estonia potato cultivar Ando has shown elevated field resistance to Phytophthora infestans, even after being widely grown for over 40 years. A comprehensive transcriptional analysis was performed using RNA-seq from plant leaf tissues to gain insight into the mechanisms activated for the defense after infection. Pathogen infection in Ando resulted in about 5927 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) compared to 1161 DEGs in the susceptible cultivar Arielle. The expression levels of genes related to plant disease resistance such as serine/threonine kinase activity, signal transduction, plant-pathogen interaction, endocytosis, autophagy, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and others were significantly enriched in the upregulated DEGs in Ando, whereas in the susceptible cultivar, only the pathway related to phenylpropanoid biosynthesis was enriched in the upregulated DEGs. However, in response to infection, photosynthesis was deregulated in Ando. Multi-signaling pathways of the salicylic-jasmonic-ethylene biosynthesis pathway were also activated in response to Phytophthora infestans infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Agho
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51006, Estonia.
| | - E Kaurilind
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - T Tähtjärv
- Centre of Estonian Rural Research and Knowledge, J. Aamisepa 1, 48309 Jõgeva, Estonia
| | - E Runno-Paurson
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - Ü Niinemets
- Chair of Crop Science and Plant Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 1, Tartu 51006, Estonia; Estonian Academy of Sciences, Kohtu 6, Tallinn 10130, Estonia
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Cheng M, Zheng J, Cui K, Luo X, Yang T, Pan Z, Zhou Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Wang H, Zhang R, Yao M, Li H, He R. Transcriptomics integrated with metabolomics provides a new strategy for mining key genes in response to low temperature stress in Helictotrichon virescens. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125070. [PMID: 37244338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
H. virescens is a perennial herbaceous plant with highly tolerant to cold weather, but the key genes that respond to low temperature stress still remain unclear. Hence, RNA-seq was performed using leaves of H. virescens treated at 0 °C and 25 °C for 12 h, 36 h, and 60 h, respectively, and a total of 9416 DEGs were significantly enriched into seven KEGG pathways. The LC-QTRAP platform was performed using leaves of H. virescens leaves at 0 °C and 25 °C for 12 h, 36 h, and 60 h, respectively, and a total of 1075 metabolites were detected, which were divided into 10 categories. Additionally, 18 major metabolites, two key pathways, and six key genes were mined using a multi-omics analytical strategy. The RT-PCR results showed that with the extension of treatment time, the expression levels of key genes in the treatment group gradually increased, and the difference between the treatment group and the control group was extremely significant. Notably, the functional verification results showed that the key genes positively regulated cold tolerance of H. virescens. These results can lay a foundation for the in-depth analysis of the mechanism of response of perennial herbs to low temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Cheng
- Institute of Qinghai-tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Junjun Zheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kuoshu Cui
- Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zeyang Pan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shiyong Chen
- Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; College of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Youjun Chen
- Institute of Qinghai-tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Qinghai-tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruizhen Zhang
- Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingjiu Yao
- Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hongquan Li
- Sichuan ZoigeAlpine Wetland Ecosystem National Observationand Research Station, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ruyu He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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Cheng M, Pan Z, Cui K, Zheng J, Luo X, Chen Y, Yang T, Wang H, Li X, Zhou Y, Lei X, Li Y, Zhang R, Iqbal MZ, He R. RNA sequencing and weighted gene co-expression network analysis uncover the hub genes controlling cold tolerance in Helictotrichon virescens seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:938859. [PMID: 36119608 PMCID: PMC9478469 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.938859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Helictotrichon virescens is a perennial herbaceous plant with a life expectancy of about 10 years. It has high cold and heat resistance and can successfully survive over winter in the habitats with a temperature range of -25 to 25°C. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the key genes regulating low-temperature stress responses in H. virescens and analyze cold tolerant at molecular level. This study used RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify the hub genes associated with cold tolerance in H. virescens. RT-PCR was conducted, homologous genes were identified, and related bioinformatics were analyzed to verify the identified hub genes. Moreover, WGCNA analysis showed that only the brown module had the highest correlation with the active-oxygen scavenging enzymes [peroxide (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)]. The expression levels of three hub genes in the brown module (Cluster-37118.47362, cluster-37118.47713, and cluster-37118.66740) were significantly higher under low-temperature stress than those under control conditions. Furthermore, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG annotations showed that the three hub genes were mainly enriched in the metabolism pathways of sphingolipids, selenocompounds, glyoxylate, and dicarboxylate, carotenoids biosynthesis, and other biological pathways. The results of this study also showed that the subcellular localization prediction results showed that the cold tolerance hub genes were all localized to the plasma membrane. By constructing a protein interaction network, it was found that the hub gene Cluster-37118.66740 interacted with Sb09g003460.1 and Sb04g020180.1 proteins in Sorghum bicolor. By constructing phylogenetic trees of the four species of H. virescens, Sorghum bicolo, Oryza sativa Japonica, and Arabidopsis thaliana, the results showed that, the hub gene Cluster 37118.66740 (of H. virescens) and Os03g0340500 (of Oryza sativa Japonica) belonged to the same ancestral branch and were in the same subfamily. Thus, this study provides methodology and guidance to identify the cold tolerance genes for other herbage and their cold tolerant molecular mechanisms at molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Cheng
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Zeyang Pan
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kuoshu Cui
- Sichuan Agricultural Technology Extension Station, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjun Zheng
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Institute of Agricultural Information and Rural Economy, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Youjun Chen
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Yang
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiong Lei
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Science, Chengdu, China
| | - Yingzheng Li
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruizhen Zhang
- Sichuan Grass Industry Technology Research and Promotion Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Zafar Iqbal
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruyu He
- Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ruyu He,
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