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El-Araby AM, Jiménez-Faraco E, Feltzer R, Martin-Garcia JM, Karri BR, Ramachandran B, Kim C, Fisher JF, Hermoso JA, Mobashery S. Catalytic process of anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid kinase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105198. [PMID: 37660917 PMCID: PMC10570956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial cell envelope is the structure with which the bacterium engages with, and is protected from, its environment. Within this envelop is a conserved peptidoglycan polymer which confers shape and strength to the cell envelop. The enzymatic processes that build, remodel, and recycle the chemical components of this cross-linked polymer are preeminent targets of antibiotics and exploratory targets for emerging antibiotic structures. We report a comprehensive kinetic and structural analysis for one such enzyme, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa anhydro-N-acetylmuramic acid (anhNAM) kinase (AnmK). AnmK is an enzyme in the peptidoglycan-recycling pathway of this pathogen. It catalyzes the pairing of hydrolytic ring opening of anhNAM with concomitant ATP-dependent phosphoryl transfer. AnmK follows a random-sequential kinetic mechanism with respect to its anhNAM and ATP substrates. Crystallographic analyses of four distinct structures (apo AnmK, AnmK:AMPPNP, AnmK:AMPPNP:anhNAM, and AnmK:ATP:anhNAM) demonstrate that both substrates enter the active site independently in an ungated conformation of the substrate subsites, with protein loops acting as gates for anhNAM binding. Catalysis occurs within a closed conformational state for the enzyme. We observe this state crystallographically using ATP-mimetic molecules. A remarkable X-ray structure for dimeric AnmK sheds light on the precatalytic and postcatalytic ternary complexes. Computational simulations in conjunction with the high-resolution X-ray structures reveal the full catalytic cycle. We further report that a P. aeruginosa strain with disrupted anmK gene is more susceptible to the β-lactam imipenem compared to the WT strain. These observations position AnmK for understanding the nexus among peptidoglycan recycling, susceptibility to antibiotics, and bacterial virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr M El-Araby
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Eva Jiménez-Faraco
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Blas Cabrera", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rhona Feltzer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Jose M Martin-Garcia
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Blas Cabrera", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bhaskara Rao Karri
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Balajee Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Choon Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Jed F Fisher
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
| | - Juan A Hermoso
- Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Instituto de Química-Física "Blas Cabrera", Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Shahriar Mobashery
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
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Miao F, Shan C, Geng S, Ning D. Oleocanthal alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in chickens by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102458. [PMID: 36640559 PMCID: PMC9842928 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of oleocanthal (OC) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) in chickens and its possible mechanisms. In total, 20 chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups: control (CON) group, LPS group, LPS + OC group, and OC group. LPS + OC and OC groups were intragastrically administered a 5 mg/kg·d OC dose for 7 d. On d 8, the LPS group and LPS + OC group were intratracheally administered 2 mg/kg LPS for 12 h. It was found that OC ameliorated the pathological morphology and significantly suppressed apoptosis after OC treatment in LPS-induced ALI chicken (P < 0.01). Antioxidant capacity was higher in the LPS + OC group compared with the LPS group (P < 0.01). OC downregulated the related genes and proteins expression of toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB (TLR4/NF-κB) pathway in LPS group (P < 0.01). In conclusion, OC supplementation can alleviate LPS-induced ALI in chickens by suppressing apoptosis, enhancing lung antioxidant capacities and inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujun Miao
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, P. R. China.
| | - Chunlan Shan
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550000, P. R. China
| | - Shuxiang Geng
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, P. R. China
| | - Delu Ning
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, 650204, P. R. China
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3
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Sabra W, Wang W, Goepfert C, Zeng AP. Food-web and metabolic interactions of the lung inhabitants Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4885-4898. [PMID: 35706134 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria that successfully adapt to different substrates and environmental niches within the lung and overcome the immune defence can cause serious lung infections. Such infections are generally complex, and recognised as polymicrobial in nature. Both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause chronic lung infections and were both detected in cystic fibrosis (CF) lung at different stages. In this study, single and dual species cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae were studied under well controlled planktonic growth conditions. Under pH-controlled conditions, both species apparently benefited from the presence of the other. In co-culture with P. aeruginosa, S. pneumoniae grew efficiently under aerobic conditions, whereas in pure S. pneumoniae culture, growth inhibition occurred in bioreactors with dissolved oxygen concentrations above the microaerobic range. Lactic acid and acetoin that are produced by S. pneumoniae was efficiently utilised by P. aeruginosa. In pH-uncontrolled co-cultures, the low pH triggered by S. pneumoniae assimilation of glucose and lactic acid production negatively affected the growth of both strains. Nevertheless, ammonia production improved significantly, and P. aeruginosa growth dominated at later growth stages. This study revealed unreported metabolic interactions of two important pathogenic microorganisms and shed new lights into pathophysiology of bacterial lung infection. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Sabra
- Faculty of life science, Rheine-Waal University of applied sciences, Marie-Curie-Straße 1, Kleve.,Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Goepfert
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, Hamburg, Germany
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Institute of Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Hamburg University of Technology, Denickestrasse 15, Hamburg, Germany.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering
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4
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Shang L, Deng D, Roffel S, Gibbs S. Differential influence of Streptococcus mitis on host response to metals in reconstructed human skin and oral mucosa. Contact Dermatitis 2020; 83:347-360. [PMID: 32677222 PMCID: PMC7693211 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin and oral mucosa are continuously exposed to potential metal sensitizers while hosting abundant microbes, which may influence the host response to sensitizers. This host response may also be influenced by the route of exposure that is skin or oral mucosa, due to their different immune properties. OBJECTIVE Determine how commensal Streptococcus mitis influences the host response to nickel sulfate (sensitizer) and titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato)dihydroxide (questionable sensitizer) in reconstructed human skin (RHS) and gingiva (RHG). METHODS RHS/RHG was exposed to nickel or titanium, in the presence or absence of S. mitis for 24 hours. Histology, cytokine secretion, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expression were assessed. RESULTS S. mitis increased interleukin (IL)-6, CXCL8, CCL2, CCL5, and CCL20 secretion in RHS but not in RHG; co-application with nickel further increased cytokine secretion. In contrast, titanium suppressed S. mitis-induced cytokine secretion in RHS and had no influence on RHG. S. mitis and metals differentially regulated TLR1 and TLR4 in RHS, and predominantly TLR4 in RHG. CONCLUSION Co-exposure of S. mitis and nickel resulted in a more potent innate immune response in RHS than in RHG, whereas titanium remained inert. These results indicate the important influence of commensal microbes and the route of exposure on the host's response to metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Dongmei Deng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sanne Roffel
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and ImmunologyAmsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Ding PH, Yang MX, Wang NN, Jin LJ, Dong Y, Cai X, Chen LL. Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Its Downstream Interleukin-1β Release Depend on Caspase-4. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1881. [PMID: 32903638 PMCID: PMC7438778 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Oral commensals contribute to microbe-host symbiosis in periodontal homeostasis, and Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) as the keystone pathogen critically accounts for the shift of symbiosis to dysbiosis and periodontal destruction. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor (NLR) family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is significantly involved in periodontal diseases, and notably P. gingivalis enables to modulate the induction and expression of NLRP3. Whereas, the exact mechanism by which NLRP3 inflammasome is regulated in response to commensal and pathogenic bacteria remains unclear. Methods: To examine the expression of IL-1β and NLRPs inflammasome in tissues with severe chronic periodontitis, and further investigate how Caspase-4-dependent non-canonical NLRP3 inflammasome pathways functioned during the interactions of Streptococcus mitis (S. mitis) and P. gingivalis with human THP-1 cells. Results: IL-1β and NLRP3, NLRP6, NLRP12, and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes are highly expressed in gingival tissues with severe chronic periodontitis. In human THP-1 cells, P. gingivalis activates the synthesis and secretion of IL-1β to higher levels than S. mitis. Importantly, NLRP3-, Caspase-1-, and Caspase-4-siRNA knockdown THP-1 cells treated with P. gingivalis exhibited a lower expression level of IL-1β as compared to the control cells. In addition, silencing of either CASP4 or CASP1 can lead to a concurrent or reciprocal decrease in the expression of the other. Of note, the IL-1β induction is not affected in the S. mitis-treated THP-1 cells with the silence of NLRP3, Caspase-1, and Caspase-4 genes. Conclusion: NLRP3/Caspase-4 and NLRP3/Caspase-1 dependent IL-1β production may crucially contribute to the dysregulated immuno-inflammatory response in periodontal pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Hui Ding
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng-Xin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- Department of Periodontology, Fuyang People's Hospital, Fuyang, China
| | - Li-Jian Jin
- Division of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Cai
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li-Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University School of Stomatology, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Periodontology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Chen L, Liu Z. Downregulation of FSTL‑1 attenuates the inflammation injury during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by inhibiting the NLRP3 and TLR4/NF‑κB signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:5345-5352. [PMID: 31638229 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae‑induced pneumonia is a common disease and major cause of community‑acquired pneumonia. Previous studies have shown that Follistatin‑like protein 1 (FSTL‑1) serves important roles in regulating the inflammatory response. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of FSTL‑1 on the inflammatory response during S. pneumoniae infection using in vitro and in vivo models. ELISAs were used to detect the production of interleukin (IL)‑1β, tumor necrosis factor‑α and IL‑6. Western blotting and reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR were performed to determine the protein and mRNA expression of these factors. The results of the present study indicated that S. pneumoniae infection triggered a strong proinflammatory response and a high level of FSTL‑1 expression in mouse bone marrow‑derived macrophages. Moreover, FSTL‑1 may be required for the production of inflammatory factors during S. pneumoniae infection by regulating nucleotide oligomerization domain‑like receptor protein 3 in vitro and in vivo. In addition, it was found that the Toll‑like receptor 4/nuclear factor‑κB signaling pathway was involved in the inflammatory response regulated by FSTL‑1. The findings of the present study suggested that FSTL‑1 plays an important role in the inflammatory response during S. pneumoniae infection, providing a potential therapeutic target for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Department of Infectious Disease, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, 4th Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100096, P.R. China
| | - Zhenshe Liu
- Department of Laboratory, Xian Yang Central Hospital, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712000, P.R. China
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Sheremet AB, Zigangirova NA, Zayakin ES, Luyksaar SI, Kapotina LN, Nesterenko LN, Kobets NV, Gintsburg AL. Small Molecule Inhibitor of Type Three Secretion System Belonging to a Class 2,4-disubstituted-4H-[1,3,4]-thiadiazine-5-ones Improves Survival and Decreases Bacterial Loads in an Airway Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:5810767. [PMID: 30276212 PMCID: PMC6151375 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5810767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a cause of high mortality in burn, immunocompromised, and surgery patients. High incidence of antibiotic resistance in this pathogen makes the existent therapy inefficient. Type three secretion system (T3SS) is a leading virulence system of P. aeruginosa that actively suppresses host resistance and enhances the severity of infection. Innovative therapeutic strategies aiming at inhibition of type three secretion system of P. aeruginosa are highly attractive, as they may reduce the severity of clinical manifestations and improve antibacterial immune responses. They may also represent an attractive therapy for antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Recently our laboratory developed a new small molecule inhibitor belonging to a class 2,4-disubstituted-4H-[1,3, 4]-thiadiazine-5-ones, Fluorothiazinon (FT), that effectively suppressed T3SS in chlamydia and salmonella in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we evaluate the activity of FT towards antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa expressing T3SS effectors ExoU and ExoS in an airway infection model. We found that FT reduced mortality and bacterial loads and decrease lung pathology and systemic inflammation. In addition, we show that FT inhibits the secretion of ExoT and ExoY, reduced bacteria cytotoxicity, and increased bacteria internalization in vitro. Overall, FT shows a strong potential as an antibacterial therapy of antibiotic-resistant P. aeruginosa infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B. Sheremet
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Naylia A. Zigangirova
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor S. Zayakin
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei I. Luyksaar
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lydia N. Kapotina
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ludmila N. Nesterenko
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalie V. Kobets
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander L. Gintsburg
- Gamaleya Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Ministry of Health Russian Federation, 123098, Gamaleya Str. 18, Moscow, Russia
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Ling Z, Liu F, Shao L, Cheng Y, Li L. Dysbiosis of the Urinary Microbiota Associated With Urine Levels of Proinflammatory Chemokine Interleukin-8 in Female Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1032. [PMID: 28943876 PMCID: PMC5603796 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence has shown that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota existed in female type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. Perturbations of intestinal microbiota are linked to proinflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8); however, the correlations between urinary microbiota and IL-8 are not well studied. Here, we investigated the associations between the altered urinary microbiota and urinary IL-8 in female T2DM patients. A modified four-tube midstream urine technique was used to collect urine specimens from 70 female T2DM patients and 70 matched healthy controls (HCs). Bacterial genomic DNA from urine specimens was isolated using magnetic beads and the urinary microbiota was assessed using Illumina MiSeq platform targeting on the 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 region. Urinary IL-8 was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Subsequently, the T2DM patients were separated into urine IL-8 detectable (WIL8) and undetectable (NIL8) groups, and the composition of urinary microbiota between the two groups was compared. Meanwhile, the levels of IL-8 between the “≥HCs” group (those specific bacterial genera were more than or equal to the HCs) and the “<HCs” group (those specific bacterial genera were less than the HCs) was also compared. Of 70 urine samples from T2DM patients without urinary tract infections, 46 patients had detectable IL-8 in their urine (64.31 ± 70.43 pg/mL), while 24 patients had undetectable IL-8. Compared to the NIL8 group, 11 bacterial genera increased in the WIL8 group, including Corynebacterium, Akkermansia, Enterococcus, etc., whereas 10 genera, such as Faecalibacterium, Bacteroides, and Pseudomonas decreased. One species of Lactobacillus, Lactobacillus iners, increased obviously in the WIL8 group. The “≥HCs” group showed 17 genera increased and 16 genera decreased. In addition, 18 genera contributed to the presence of urinary IL-8 in T2DM patients, which explained 95.60% of the total variance of urinary microbiota. Our study demonstrated that dysbiosis of the urinary microbiota with several key bacteria was associated with urinary IL-8 in female T2DM patients, which might be useful to explore the interactions between urinary microbiota and inflammatory responses and shed light on novel diagnosis and therapy for urinary microbiota associated with infections in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongxin Ling
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengping Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Nursing School, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng, China
| | - Li Shao
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Commensal microbiota maintains alveolar macrophages with a low level of CCL24 production to generate anti-metastatic tumor activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7471. [PMID: 28785009 PMCID: PMC5547050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08264-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbiota maintains host tissue homeostasis and influences tissue-resident macrophages. However, the mechanisms by which commensal bacteria in regulating the alveolar macrophages remain unclear. Here, by using an antibiotic-treated (Abt) mouse model, we found commensal bacteria depletion induced lower frequencies and numbers of alveolar macrophages. This effect was accompanied by the altered levels of genes involved in several biological pathways, including M2 macrophage polarization, as determined by gene expression analysis. Alveolar macrophages from the Abt mice had higher protein and gene levels of Arg1, CCL24, IL-13, IL-10, IL-6 and IL-1β, which could be recovered to normal levels by reconstructing commensal bacteria in the upper respiratory of Abt mice. Moreover, alveolar macrophages performed significant enhancement of M2 functions, especially CCL24 secretion, in the Abt mice challenged with B16/F10 melanoma. Adoptive transfer of normal alveolar macrophages or antibody neutralization of CCL24 significantly recovered the decrease of γδT17 cells and rescued the defect anti-tumor response of Abt mice, indicating the elevated amount of alveolar macrophage-derived CCL24 inhibited γδT cell mediated anti-tumor response. In conclusion, we demonstrated the ability of commensal bacteria to maintain alveolar macrophages with a low level of CCL24 production, which was necessary for the normal anti-tumor response in the lung.
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