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Wang F, Zhao Z, Han Y, Li S, Bi X, Ren S, Pan Y, Wang D, Liu X. The Bacterial and Fungal Compositions in the Rhizosphere of Asarum heterotropoides Fr. Schmidt var. mandshuricum (Maxim.) Kitag. in a Typical Planting Region. Microorganisms 2024; 12:692. [PMID: 38674636 PMCID: PMC11051765 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Asarum is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, and its dried roots are commonly used as medicinal materials. Research into the traits of the bacteria and fungus in the Asarum rhizosphere and how they relate to the potency of medicinal plants is important. During four cropping years and collecting months, we used ITS rRNA gene amplicon and sequencing to assess the population, diversity, and predominant kinds of bacteria and fungus in the rhizosphere of Asarum. HPLC was used to determine the three bioactive ingredients, namely asarinin, aristolochic acid I, and volatile oil. The mainly secondary metabolites of Asarum, relationships between microbial communities, soil physicochemical parameters, and possible influences on microbial communities owing to various cropping years and collecting months were all statistically examined. The cropping years and collecting months affected the abundance and diversity of rhizosphere bacteria and fungi, but the cropping year had a significant impact on the structures and compositions of the bacterial communities. The rhizosphere microorganisms were influenced by both the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activities. Additionally, this study revealed that Trichoderma was positively correlated with the three bioactive ingredients of Asarum, while Tausonia showed entirely opposite results. Gibberella and Leptosphaeria demonstrated a significantly negative correlation with asarinin and violate oil, but they were weakly correlated with the aristolochic acid I content. This study revealed variations in the Asarum rhizosphere microorganism population, diversity, and dominant types across four cropping years and collecting months. The relationship between Asarum secondary metabolites, the soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, and rhizosphere microorganisms was discussed. Our results will guide the exploration of the soil characteristics and rhizosphere microorganisms' structures by regulating the microbial community to enhance Asarum quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuqi Wang
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (F.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zilu Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (F.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yangyang Han
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (F.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Shiying Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xinhua Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shumeng Ren
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (F.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Yingni Pan
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (F.W.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; (F.W.); (Z.Z.)
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Zhang L, Huang X, Tong B, Chen M, Huang L, Liu J. Composition, functional, and niche differentiation of fungal communities in the rhizosphere and root endosphere of Cinnamomum migao in southwestern China. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad239. [PMID: 37935485 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Roots are key parts of plant material circulation and energy flow, creating two distinct niches for the plant microbiome, such as the rhizosphere and root endosphere, which interact to maintain plant growth and health. In this study, two niches of plant rhizosphere and root endosphere were selected to study the composition and differences of fungi communities in order to better understand how differences in the structure and function of plant fungi communities affect plant health. METHODS AND RESULTS The community structure, diversity, and ecological function of fungi in the rhizosphere and root endosphere of Cinnamomum migao were studied using high-throughput sequencing techniques, traditional culture methods, and the FUNGuild database. The results of the analysis of alpha diversity showed that the diversity of rhizosphere fungal communities in C. migao was much higher than that of root endosphere communities. Some similarities and differences were noted between the two niche fungal communities, and some fungi had niche preferences. Functional prediction results demonstrated that fungi in the rhizosphere and root endosphere adopt multiple trophic modes, mostly saprophytic fungi. CONCLUSIONS This study provided a basis for an in-depth understanding of the structural variation, niche differentiation, and function of plant root-related fungal microbiota. We believe that it could provide guidance on the subsequent development of beneficial fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Xiaolong Huang
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Bingli Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang, Guizhou 550005, China
| | - Luting Huang
- Xiangzhong Normal College for Preschool Education, Shaoyang, Hunan 422099, China
| | - Jiming Liu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
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Li L, Yang X, Tong B, Wang D, Tian X, Liu J, Chen J, Xiao X, Wang S. Rhizobacterial compositions and their relationships with soil properties and medicinal bioactive ingredients in Cinnamomum migao. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1078886. [PMID: 36876061 PMCID: PMC9978227 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1078886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Rhizobacterial communities and their metabolites can affect plant growth, development, and stress resistance, as well as the biosynthesis and accumulation of bioactive compounds in medicinal plants. This relationship has been well-characterized in many medicinal herbs, although much less commonly in medicinal trees. Methods Here, we analyzed the composition and structure of Cinnamomum migao rhizobacterial communities across nine growing regions in Yunnan, Guizhou and Guangxi, China, as well as differences in soil properties and fruit bioactive compounds. Results Results showed that the C. migao rhizobacterial communities exhibited high species richness, but location-specific differences in structure. Site-specific differences in soil properties and bioactive compounds were also observed. Furthermore, rhizobacterial community compositions were correlated with both soil properties and fruit bioactive compounds, metabolism-related functions were most common in C. migao rhizobacteria. Discussion Several bacterial genera, including Acidothermus, Acidibacter, Bryobacter, Candidatus_Solibacter, and Acidimicrobiales, potentially promote the biosynthesis and accumulation of 1,8-cineole, cypressene, limonene, and α-terpineol, Nitrospira and Alphaproteobacteria may play an inhibitory role. Finally, our results emphasized the critical role that soil pH and nitrogen levels play in driving rhizobacterial community structure, and specific functional bacteria can also counteract with soil properties, Acidibacter and Nitrospira can affect soil pH and nitrogen effectiveness. Overall, this study provides additional insight into the complex correlation of rhizosphere microorganisms with bioactive ingredients and soil properties of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Li
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China
| | - Xuedong Yang
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China.,Guizhou Extension Station of Grassland Technology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bingli Tong
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Deng Wang
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang, China
| | - Xiu Tian
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China
| | - Jiming Liu
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China
| | - Jingzhong Chen
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China
| | - Xuefeng Xiao
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Forest Ecology Research Center, College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guihzou, China
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Zheng L, Zhou Y, Yan T, Gong Z, Li Y, Chen S, Huang Y, Chi M. Quality Control of Oleum Cinnamomi Assisted by Network Pharmacology Strategy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196391. [PMID: 36234930 PMCID: PMC9573265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oleum Cinnamomi is a traditional medicine used by the Hmong, the essential oil obtained from Fructus Cinnamomi, for the treatment of coronary heart disease. Information regarding the efficient quality control markers of it is lacking, which has become a bottleneck restricting its development and utilization. Here, an integrated qualitative analysis approach based on a GC-MS and network pharmacology strategy was applied to explore quality control markers for the assessment of Oleum Cinnamomi. Firstly, the compounds of Oleum Cinnamomi were detected by GC-MS. In total, 57 chemical components were identified, mainly monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, accounting for 83.05% of total essential oil components. Secondly, network pharmacology was adopted to explore the compounds linked to target genes of coronary heart disease. Fifty-two compounds were found, indicating the effectiveness of Oleum Cinnamomi in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Among them, 10 compounds, including eucalyptol, were chosen as potential effective compounds in Oleum Cinnamomi. Thirdly, an established GC-MS SIM method was validated and applied for the simultaneous determination of the contents of these 10 compounds using 20 sample batches of Oleum Cinnamomi. It was preliminarily found that the contents of these 10 compounds differed in Oleum Cinnamomi from different origins. Finally, quantitative analyte data were analyzed using multivariate statistical analysis to determine Oleum Cinnamomi quality. Four compounds (eucalyptol, p-cymene, sabinene, β-pinene) were identified as chemical markers for quality control. Accordingly, this study provides new strategies to explore the quality control markers and develops a novel method for the quality assessment of Oleum Cinnamomi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Ting Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Zipeng Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yueting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Siying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
| | - Yong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (M.C.)
| | - Mingyan Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutics, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, 4 Beijing Road, Guiyang 550004, China
- Correspondence: (Y.H.); (M.C.)
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Li Y, Dang H, Lv X, Wang Z, Pu X, Zhuang L. High-throughput sequencing reveals rhizosphere fungal community composition and diversity at different growth stages of Populus euphratica in the lower reaches of the Tarim River. PeerJ 2022; 10:e13552. [PMID: 35673389 PMCID: PMC9167583 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Populus euphratica is one of the most ancient and primitive tree species of Populus spp and plays an important role in maintaining the ecological balance in desert areas. To decipher the diversity, community structure, and relationship between rhizosphere fungi and environmental factors at different growth stages of P. euphratica demands an in-depth investigation. Methods In this study, P. euphratica at different growth stages (young, medium, overripe, and decline periods) was selected as the research object, based on the determination of the physicochemical properties of its rhizosphere soil, the fungal community structure and diversity of P. euphratica and their correlation with soil physicochemical properties were comprehensively analyzed through high-throughput sequencing technology (internal transcribed spacer (ITS)) and bioinformatics analysis methods. Results According to the analysis of OTU annotation results, the rhizosphere soil fungal communities identified in Populus euphratica were categorized into10 phyla, 36 classes, 77 orders, 165 families, 275 genera and 353 species. The alpha diversity analysis showed that there was no obvious change between the different growth stages, while beta diversity analysis showed that there were significantly differences in the composition of rhizosphere soil fungal communities between mature and overripe trees (R 2 = 0.31, P = 0.001), mature and deadwood (R 2 = 0.28, P = 0.001). Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant phyla in the rhizosphere fungal community and the dominant genera were Geopora, Chondrostereum and unidentified_Sordariales_sp. The relative abundance of the top ten fungi at each classification level differed greatly in different stages. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and Spearman's correlation analysis showed that conductivity (EC) was the main soil factor affecting the composition of Populus euphratica rhizosphere soil fungal community (P < 0.01), followed by total dissolvable salts (TDS) and available potassium (AK) (P < 0.05). Conclusions Our data revealed that the rhizosphere fungal communities at the different growth stages of P. euphratica have differences, conductivity (EC) was the key factor driving rhizosphere fungi diversity and community structure, followed by total dissolvable salts (TDS) and available potassium (AK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Li
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hanli Dang
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xinhua Lv
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhongke Wang
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaozhen Pu
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Li Zhuang
- Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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Xie Y, Liao X, Liu J, Chen J. A Case Study Demonstrates That the Litter of the Rare Species Cinnamomum migao Composed of Different Tissues Can Affect the Chemical Properties and Microbial Community Diversity in Topsoil. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10061125. [PMID: 35744643 PMCID: PMC9231042 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10061125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The decomposition of litter plays an important role in the return of forest soil nutrients, as well as the growth and productivity of plants. With this study, we aimed to determine the impact of litter mulching on different tissues of Cinnamomum migao, a rare Chinese endemic species. In particular, seeds and pericarp are easily overlooked components of C. migao litter. In this study, we tested control (uncovered litter) and litter (leaf, branch, seed, and pericarp) mulching conditions and conducted a one-year litter decomposition experiment. The enzyme activities of urease enzyme (UE) and invertase enzyme (INV) were significantly improved by litter mulching. Catalase (CAT) enzyme activities in leaf, branch, and seed litter mulching were lower than in the control, whereas CAT activity in pericarp mulching was significantly higher than in the control. Although Mortierella, Cladophialophora, Acidothermus, Sphingomonas, and Burkholderia were the dominant microbes of topsoil in different mulching treatments, there were differences in the number and connectivity of microbial communities, and this change was correlated with soil organic carbon (SOC) and CAT enzyme activity. Compared with leaves and branches, seeds and pericarp as litter are also very important for nutrient return and affect topsoil microbes in C. migao forest, which may be of significance for the growth feedback of C. migao in biennial bearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuangui Xie
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.X.); (J.C.)
- Subordinate Departments of the Academy, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaofeng Liao
- Guizhou Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Jiming Liu
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.X.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-8501-5398
| | - Jingzhong Chen
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (Y.X.); (J.C.)
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Xiao X, Chen J, Liao X, Yan Q, Liang G, Liu J, Wang D, Guan R. Different Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Established by Two Inoculation Methods Improve Growth and Drought Resistance of Cinnamomum Migao Seedlings Differently. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020220. [PMID: 35205086 PMCID: PMC8869179 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Drought is a global climatic phenomenon and one of the main factors that negatively affect plant growth. Karst is a unique type of ecosystem where ecological degradation is becoming more and more serious due to the aggravation of global drought. Vegetation restoration is an effective method for preventing ecological degradation in Karst ecosystems. Cinnamomum migao is selected as the tree species for vegetation restoration, because it is a unique, fast-growing medicinal plant of Southwest China that only thrives in Karst regions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are an important component of the soil biota in ecosystems and alleviate drought stress in plants by forming a mutualistic symbiosis. Most previous studies just considered the effects of AMF species on drought resistance but did not evaluate different inoculation methods. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of different AMF resulting from the use of different inoculation methods on the growth and drought resistance of C. migao seedlings in Karst soil. The findings of this study will improve the success rate of reforestation programs in Karst ecosystems through the utilization of these important microorganisms. Abstract Drought stress is one of the greatest obstacles affecting field crop productivity in arid and semi-arid regions, and its severity and frequency are expected to increase due to human-induced changes to the environment and climate. Drought has led to rocky desertification in Karst regions. Cinnamomum migao is a unique, fast-growing medicinal plant of Southwest China that only thrives in Karst regions. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis alleviates drought stress in plants; however, establishment and function of the symbiotic interaction between AMF host plant in relation to the inoculation method remain unclear. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to investigate the effects of AMF species (Glomus etunicatum and Funneliformis mosseae) and two inoculation methods (seed vs. seedling inoculation) under drought stress on C. migao seedlings, and quantified mycorrhizal colonization, AMF spore density, root vigor, relative water content, C. migao growth, antioxidant enzyme activities, and osmotic adjustment. Inoculation with AMF (G. etunicatum and F. mosseae) positively affected the growth and root vigor of Cinnamomum migao under drought stress, regardless of the inoculation method. Additionally, both AMF species markedly upregulated antioxidant enzyme activities and osmotic adjustment substances, regardless of the inoculation method. Our results showed that the collective stimulatory effect of G. etunicatum is more efficient than that of F. mosseae. AMF application could promote afforestation with C. migao to prevent rocky desertification in Karst regions where water is the greatest limiting factor on plant growth and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xiao
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Jingzhong Chen
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Xiaofeng Liao
- Institute of Mountain Resources, Guizhou Academy of Science, Guiyang 550001, China;
| | - Qiuxiao Yan
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Gelin Liang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Jiming Liu
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-8501-5398
| | - Deng Wang
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
| | - Ruiting Guan
- Forestry College, Research Center of Forest Ecology, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.X.); (J.C.); (Q.Y.); (G.L.); (D.W.); (R.G.)
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