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Zhan K, Wu H, Xu Y, Rao K, Zheng H, Qin S, Yang Y, Jia R, Chen W, Huang S. The function of the gut microbiota-bile acid-TGR5 axis in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. mSystems 2024; 9:e0129923. [PMID: 38329942 PMCID: PMC10949424 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01299-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Imbalanced gut microbiota (GM) and abnormal fecal bile acid (BA) are thought to be the key factors for diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Herein, we explore the influence of the GM-BA-Takeda G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) axis on IBS-D. Twenty-five IBS-D patients and fifteen healthy controls were recruited to perform BA-related metabolic and metagenomic analyses. Further, the microbiota-humanized IBS-D rat model was established by fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) to investigate the GM-BA-TGR5 axis effects on the colonic barrier and visceral hypersensitivity (VH) in IBS-D. Finally, we used chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), an important BA screened out by metabolome, to evaluate whether it affected diarrhea and VH via the TGR5 pathway. Clinical research showed that GM associated with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity such as Bacteroides ovatus was markedly reduced in the GM of IBS-D, accompanied by elevated total and primary BA levels. Moreover, we found that CDCA not only was increased as the most important primary BA in IBS-D patients but also could induce VH through upregulating TGR5 in the colon and ileum of normal rats. TGR5 inhibitor could reverse the phenotype, depression-like behaviors, pathological change, and level of fecal BSH in a microbiota-humanized IBS-D rat model. Our findings proved that human-associated FMT could successfully induce the IBS-D rat model, and the imbalanced GM-BA-TGR5 axis may promote colonic mucosal barrier dysfunction and enhance VH in IBS-D. IMPORTANCE Visceral hypersensitivity and intestinal mucosal barrier damage are important factors that cause abnormal brain-gut interaction in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). Recently, it was found that the imbalance of the gut microbiota-bile acid axis is closely related to them. Therefore, understanding the structure and function of the gut microbiota and bile acids and the underlying mechanisms by which they shape visceral hypersensitivity and mucosal barrier damage in IBS-D is critical. An examination of intestinal feces from IBS-D patients revealed that alterations in gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism underlie IBS-D and symptom onset. We also expanded beyond existing knowledge of well-studied gut microbiota and bile acid and found that Bacteroides ovatus and chenodeoxycholic acid may be potential bacteria and bile acid involved in the pathogenesis of IBS-D. Moreover, our data integration reveals the influence of the microbiota-bile acid-TGR5 axis on barrier function and visceral hypersensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhan
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Haomeng Wu
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyin Xu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kehan Rao
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zheng
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shumin Qin
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanming Yang
- Dongguan Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Rui Jia
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weihuan Chen
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaogang Huang
- The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Team of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Diseases, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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Liu T, Lin CH, Chen YL, Yeh CC, Chiou YY, Wang JY, Lee CT, Lee KT, Shiau AL, Wu CL, Chen CC, Kang JW, Chen PJ, Kuo HY, Yang EH, Chuang CH. Relationship Between Rectal Swab and Tissue Samples in Mucosa-associated Microbiota in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2024; 30:447-458. [PMID: 37651099 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut mucosa-associated microbiota is more closely correlated with disease phenotypes than fecal microbiota; however sampling via tissue biopsy is more invasive and uncomfortable. Rectal swab may be a suitable substitute for tissue biopsy, but its effectiveness is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate differences in the microbiota at these sites in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Inflammatory bowel disease patients and a control group were enrolled when surveillance colonoscopy was scheduled. Samples of colon biopsy tissues, rectal swabs during colonoscopy, and feces before bowel preparation were collected to analyze microbial composition. To explore the short-term effects of bowel preparation on swab microbiota, prepreparation swab samples were also collected from 27 IBD patients. RESULTS A total of 33 Crohn's disease, 54 ulcerative colitis, and 21 non-IBD patients were enrolled. In beta diversity analysis, fecal microbiota clearly differed from swab and tissue microbiota in the 3 disease groups. The swab microbiota was closer to, but still different from, the tissue microbiota. Consistently, we identified that swab samples differed more in abundant genera from feces than from tissue. Beta diversity analysis did not reveal a difference in swab microbiota before and after bowel preparation, but the genus composition of most individuals varied markedly. CONCLUSIONS Swab microbiota more closely resembled tissue microbiota relative to fecal microbiota, but there were still differences. Bowel preparation did not alter the overall swab microbiota in the short term but markedly changed the microbial composition in most patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunglin Liu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Han Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Cheng Yeh
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Yow Chiou
- National Laboratory Animal Center, National Applied Research Laboratories, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jiu-Yao Wang
- Research Center of Allergy, Immunology, and Microbiome, China Medical University Children's Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ta Lee
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Ting Lee
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ai-Li Shiau
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Liang Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chin Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Wen Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jun Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Er-Hsiang Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chiao-Hsiung Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Pan Y, Su J, Liu S, Li Y, Xu G. Causal effects of gut microbiota on the risk of urinary tract stones: A bidirectional two-sample mendelian randomization study. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25704. [PMID: 38404890 PMCID: PMC10884461 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies increasingly suggest notable changes in both the quantity and types of gut microbiota among individuals suffering from urinary tract stones. However, the causal relationship between GMB and urinary tract stone formation remains elusive, which we aim to further investigate in this research through Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis. Materials and methods Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the human GMB were selected from MiBioGen International Consortium GWAS dataset. Data on urinary tract stone-related traits and associated SNPs were sourced from the IEU Open GWAS database. To investigate the causal relationships between gut microbiota and urinary tract stones, Mendelian Randomization (MR) was applied using genetic variants as instrumental variables, utilizing a bidirectional two-sample MR framework. This analysis incorporated various statistical techniques such as inverse variance weighting, weighted median analysis, MR-Egger, and the maximum likelihood method. To ensure the reliability of the findings, a range of sensitivity tests were conducted, including Cochran's Q test, the MR-Egger intercept, leave-one-out cross-validation, and examination of funnel plots. Results The results revealed the causal relationship between the increase in the abundance of 10 microbial taxa, including Genus-Barnesiella (IVW OR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.73-0.89, P = 2.29 × 10-3) and Genus-Flavonifractor (IVW OR = 0.69, 95%CI 0.53-0.91, P = 8.57 × 10-3), and the decreased risk of urinary tract stone formation. Conversely, the development of urinary tract stones was observed to potentially instigate alterations in the abundance of 13 microbial taxa, among which Genus-Ruminococcus torques group was notably affected (IVW OR = 1.07, 95%CI 0.64-0.98, P = 1.86 × 10-3). In this context, Genus-Clostridium sensustricto1 exhibited a bidirectional causal relationship with urinary tract stones, while the remaining significant microbial taxa demonstrated unidirectional causal effects in the two-sample MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses did not identify significant estimates of heterogeneity or pleiotropy. Conclusion To summarize, the results of this study suggest a likely causative link between gut microbiota and the incidence of urinary tract stones. This insight opens up potential pathways for discovering biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management and prevention of urolithiasis. However, further in-depth research is warranted to investigate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongdong Pan
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Su
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shengnan Liu
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueyan Li
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guofeng Xu
- Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Wu BY, Xu P, Cheng L, Wang QQ, Qiu HY, Yan XJ, Chen SL. Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Dysbiosis in the Terminal Ileum Correlates With Bowel Symptoms in Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Clin Transl Gastroenterol 2024; 15:e00658. [PMID: 37937852 PMCID: PMC10887450 DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mucosa-associated microbiota (MAM) is not as frequently studied in diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) compared with the fecal microbiota. In this study, we examined the MAM in the terminal ileum and its correlation with bowel symptoms in IBS-D. METHODS Mucosal biopsies of the terminal ileum from 25 patients with IBS-D and 25 healthy controls were collected for 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing. Correlation analysis was performed. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, the MAM in the terminal ileum showed a decreased alpha diversity in the IBS-D cohort (Chao1 and Shannon indexes, P < 0.05). And the overall MAM profile clustered separately into 2 groups (ADONIS [PERMANOVA, permutational multivariate analysis of variance], P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly higher in the ileal MAM of patients with IBS-D while that of Firmicutes was significantly lower. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Pseudomonas was significantly higher in the IBS-D cohort, with lower Bacteroides and Ruminococcus . Moreover, 40.0% of patients with IBS-D had multiple small nodules (nodular lymphoid hyperplasia) on the mucosal surface of the terminal ileum, which indicated a low-grade inflammation. In patients with IBS-D with nodular lymphoid hyperplasia, the changes of Pseudomonas and Bacteroides were more overt. Correlation analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Pseudomonas positively correlated with abdominal pain and the severity of IBS. DISCUSSION Patients with IBS-D showed a dysbiosis of MAM in the terminal ileum, which may be associated with bowel symptoms. Moreover, 40.0% of them displayed mucosal low-grade inflammation, with a more severe mucosal microbial disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Yu Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Yi Qiu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Yan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Liang Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NHC Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, Shanghai, China
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Yu Y, Li YC, Zhang FC, Xu GY. Enterochromaffin Cell: Friend or Foe for Human Health? Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1732-1734. [PMID: 37458959 PMCID: PMC10603001 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yong-Chang Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fu-Chao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Guang-Yin Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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Zhao Y, Yu S, Li L, Zhao H, Li Y, Jiang L, Liu M. Feeding citrus flavonoid extracts decreases bacterial endotoxin and systemic inflammation and improves immunometabolic status by modulating hindgut microbiome and metabolome in lactating dairy cows. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 13:386-400. [PMID: 37214215 PMCID: PMC10196341 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of dietary supplementation with citrus flavonoid extracts (CFE) on milk performance, serum biochemistry parameters, fecal volatile fatty acids, fecal microbial community, and fecal metabolites in dairy cows. Eight multiparous lactating Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design (21-day period). Cows were fed a basal diet without addition (CON) or basal diet with added CFE at 50 (CFE50), 100 (CFE10), and 150 g/d (CFE150). Feeding CFE up to 150 g/d increased milk yield and milk lactose percentage. Supplementary CFE linearly decreased milk somatic cell count. Serum cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-2, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentrations decreased linearly as the levels of CFE increased. Cows in CFE150 had lower serum lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide binding protein compared with CON. These results indicate feeding CFE decreased systemic inflammation and endotoxin levels in dairy cows. Furthermore, feeding CFE linearly increased the concentrations of total volatile fatty acids, acetate, and butyrate in feces. The relative abundances of beneficial bacteria Bifidobacterium spp., Clostridium coccoides-Eubacterium rectale group, and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in feces increased linearly with increasing CFE supplementation. The diversity and community structure of fecal microbiota were unaffected by CFE supplementation. However, supplementing CFE reduced the relative abundances of genera Ruminococcus_torques_group, Roseburia, and Lachnospira, but increased genera Bacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium. Metabolomics analysis showed that supplementary CFE resulted in a significant modification in the fecal metabolites profile. Compared with CON, fecal naringenin, hesperetin, hippuric acid, and sphingosine concentrations were greater in CFE150 cows, while fecal GlcCer(d18:1/20:0), Cer(d18:0/24:0), Cer(d18:0/22:0), sphinganine, and deoxycholic acid concentrations were less in CFE150 cows. Predicted pathway analysis suggested that "sphingolipid metabolism" was significantly enriched. Overall, these results indicate that citrus flavonoids could exert health-promoting effects by modulating hindgut microbiome and metabolism in lactating cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
- Beijing Beinong Enterprise Management Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Liuxue Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuqin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Ming Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Dairy Cow Nutrition, Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, 102206, China
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Yang J, Wang L, Mei M, Guo J, Yang X, Liu S. Electroacupuncture repairs intestinal barrier by upregulating CB1 through gut microbiota in DSS-induced acute colitis. Chin Med 2023; 18:24. [PMID: 36894930 PMCID: PMC9999655 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00733-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A few studies have reported that electroacupuncture (EA) can repair the intestinal barrier through unknown mechanisms. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) was shown to play an important role in the protection of the gut barrier in recent studies. Gut microbiota can influence the expression of CB1. In this study, we explored the effect of EA on the gut barrier in acute colitis and its mechanism. METHODS A dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced acute colitis model, CB1 antagonist model and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) model were used in this study. The disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length, histological score, and inflammatory factors were detected to evaluate colonic inflammation. Methods for detecting intestinal barrier functions included the expression of tight junction proteins, intestinal permeability, and the number of goblet cells. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing was applied to analyze alterations in the gut microbiota. Western blotting and RT-PCR were performed to assess the levels of CB1 and autophagy-related proteins. Autophagosomes were observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS EA reduced the DAI score, histological score, levels of inflammatory factors, and restored the colon length. Moreover, EA increased the expression of tight junction proteins and the number of goblet cells, and decreased intestinal permeability. In addition, EA remodeled the community structure of the gut microbiota, increased the expression of CB1, and enhanced the degree of autophagy. However, the therapeutic effects were reversed by CB1 antagonists. In addition, FMT in the EA group exhibited similar effects to EA and upregulated CB1. CONCLUSIONS We concluded that EA may protect intestinal barrier functions by increasing the expression of CB1 to enhance autophagy through gut microbiota in DSS-induced acute colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingze Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Lingli Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Minhui Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jinlu Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Xie S, Zhu S, Min L. Mucosal Microbiota: Closer to the Pathology, Closer to the Truth? Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:5361-5363. [PMID: 35879513 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sian Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Shengtao Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China
| | - Li Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. .,National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Disease, Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Disease, Beijing, China.
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Feng Y, Hang L, Zhou Y, Jiang FR, Yuan JY. Gut microbiota plays a role in irritable bowel syndrome by regulating 5-HT metabolism. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:941-949. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i21.941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. Brain-gut-microbiota axis dysfunction is an important pathogenic factor for IBS, in which neurotransmitters and gut microbes play key roles. The gastrointestinal tract contains large amounts of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), a neurotransmitter that has been strongly linked to IBS-related symptoms. More than 90% of serotonin is synthesized in the gut by enterochromaffin cells (ECs), and certain intestinal flora can affect the occurrence and development of IBS by regulating 5-HT and its metabolism. In this review, we will discuss the role of gut microbiota in IBS by regulating 5-HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Feng
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Lu Hang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Feng-Ru Jiang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jian-Ye Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhang X, Wang H, Peng S, Kang J, Xie Z, Tang R, Xing Y, He Y, Yuan H, Xie C, Liu Y. Effect of microplastics on nasal and intestinal microbiota of the high-exposure population. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1005535. [PMID: 36388272 PMCID: PMC9650105 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1005535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Microplastic has become a growing environmental problem. A balanced microbial environment is an important factor in human health. This study is the first observational cross-sectional study focusing on the effects of microplastics on the nasal and gut microbiota in a highly exposed population. Methods We recruited 20 subjects from a Plastic Factory (microplastics high-exposure area) and the other 20 from Huanhuaxi Park (microplastics low-exposure area) in Chengdu, China. We performed the microplastic analysis of soil, air, and intestinal secretions by laser infrared imaging, and microbiological analysis of nasal and intestinal secretions by 16S rDNA sequencing. Results The result shows that the detected points of microplastics in the environment of the high-exposure area were significantly more than in the low-exposure area. Polyurethane was the main microplastic component detected. The microplastic content of intestinal secretions in the high-exposure group was significantly higher than in the low-exposure group. Specifically, the contents of polyurethane, silicone resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polyethylene in the high-exposure group were significantly higher than in the low-exposure group. Moreover, high exposure may increase the abundance of nasal microbiotas, which are positively associated with respiratory tract diseases, such as Klebsiella and Helicobacter, and reduce the abundance of those beneficial ones, such as Bacteroides. Simultaneously, it may increase the abundance of intestinal microbiotas, which are positively associated with digestive tract diseases, such as Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, and Sphingomonas, and reduce the abundance of intestinal microbiotas, which are beneficial for health, such as Ruminococcus Torquesgroup, Dorea, Fusobacterium, and Coprococcus. A combined analysis revealed that high exposure to microplastics may not only lead to alterations in dominant intestinal and nasal microbiotas but also change the symbiotic relationship between intestinal and nasal microbiotas. Conclusion The results innovatively revealed how microplastics can affect the intestinal and nasal microecosystems. Clinical trial registration ChiCTR2100049480 on August 2, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Zhang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Heting Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Sihan Peng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Proctology Department, University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyan Xie
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruobing Tang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiqian Xing
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchi He
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Haipo Yuan
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunguang Xie
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Chunguang Xie
| | - Ya Liu
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China,Ya Liu
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