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Boreak N, Al Mahde RZ, Otayn WA, Alamer AY, Alrajhi T, Jafri S, Sharwani A, Swaidi E, Abozoah S, Mowkly AAM. Exploring Plant-Based Compounds as Alternatives for Targeting Enterococcus faecalis in Endodontic Therapy: A Molecular Docking Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7727. [PMID: 39062969 PMCID: PMC11276846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endodontic infections pose significant challenges in dental practice due to their persistence and potential complications. Among the causative agents, Enterococcus faecalis stands out for its ability to form biofilms and develop resistance to conventional antibiotics, leading to treatment failures and recurrent infections. The urgent need for alternative treatments arises from the growing concern over antibiotic resistance and the limitations of current therapeutic options in combating E. faecalis-associated endodontic infections. Plant-based natural compounds offer a promising avenue for exploration, given their diverse bioactive properties and potential as sources of novel antimicrobial agents. In this study, molecular docking and dynamics simulations are employed to explore the interactions between SrtA, a key enzyme in E. faecalis, and plant-based natural compounds. Analysis of phytocompounds through molecular docking unveiled several candidates with binding energies surpassing that of the control drug, ampicillin, with pinocembrin emerging as the lead compound due to its strong interactions with key residues of SrtA. Comparative analysis with ampicillin underscored varying degrees of structural similarity among the study compounds. Molecular dynamics simulations provided deeper insights into the dynamic behavior and stability of protein-ligand complexes, with pinocembrin demonstrating minimal conformational changes and effective stabilization of the N-terminal region. Free energy landscape analysis supported pinocembrin's stabilizing effects, further corroborated by hydrogen bond analysis. Additionally, physicochemical properties analysis highlighted the drug-likeness of pinocembrin and glabridin. Overall, this study elucidates the potential anti-bacterial properties of selected phytocompounds against E. faecalis infections, with pinocembrin emerging as a promising lead compound for further drug development efforts, offering new avenues for combating bacterial infections and advancing therapeutic interventions in endodontic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezar Boreak
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Rahf Zuhair Al Mahde
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Waseem Ahmed Otayn
- Specialized Dental Canter, Ministry of Health, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (W.A.O.)
| | - Amwaj Yahya Alamer
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Taif Alrajhi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Shatha Jafri
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Amnah Sharwani
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Entesar Swaidi
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
| | - Shahad Abozoah
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (R.Z.A.M.); (A.Y.A.); (T.A.); (S.J.); (A.S.)
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Shaker AA, Samir A, Zaher HM, Abdel-Moein KA. Emergence of Virulent Extensively Drug-Resistant Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci Among Diarrheic Pet Animals: A Possible Public Health Threat on the Move. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024. [PMID: 38800841 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) have become an increasing public health concern in the past few decades, being associated with serious multidrug-resistant (MDR) infections. This study was conducted to investigate the role of diarrheic pet animals as potential reservoirs for virulent extensively drug-resistant (XDR) VRE and their threat on human health. Materials and Methods: Rectal swabs were collected from 153 diarrheic pet animals (80 dogs and 73 cats). The collected swabs were cultured on CHROMagarTMVRE for the isolation of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, and then suspected colonies were identified as enterococci after Gram staining, conventional biochemical tests, and molecular techniques. VRE were basically identified using the disk diffusion method; however, molecular identification of vanA and vanB genes was carried out among confirmed VRE isolates. Moreover, three virulence genes (cytolysin A, cylA; enterococcal surface protein, esp; and hyaluronidase, hyl) were investigated in VRE isolates. Thereafter, VRE strains that harbored virulence genes were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Results: Eighteen out of 153 animals (11.8%) were positive for VRE, which were obtained from 15% and 8.2% of the examined dogs and cats, respectively. None of the obtained isolates carried the vanA gene, whereas the vanB gene was detected in E. faecalis (4/10) with a prevalence rate (40%). Of the obtained VRE isolates, five possessed esp and/or cylA, while all strains were negative for the hyl gene. Furthermore, four virulent VRE isolates exhibited an XDR pattern, and one isolate was MDR. Conclusion: Diarrheic pet animals could represent a potential zoonotic reservoir for virulent XDR vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis, which may have serious public health implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa A Shaker
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Samir
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hala M Zaher
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Abdel-Moein
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kushnazarova RA, Mirgorodskaya AB, Kuznetsov DM, Vasilieva EA, Amerhanova SK, Voloshina AD, Zakharova LY. Piperidinium surfactants functionalized with carbamate fragment: Aggregation, antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130562. [PMID: 38218459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
The biomimetic nature of supramolecular systems, the structural similarity of synthetic surfactants to biomolecules (lipids, proteins), provide them with high membranotropy, the ability to overcome biological barriers, and affinity towards biosubstances. Despite rather high toxicity cationic surfactants are of importance as antimicrobial agents, gene nanocarriers and mitochondria targeted ligands. To minimize this limitation, cationic amphiphilic matrix undergoes modification with various functional groups. In this work, new piperidinium cationic surfactants containing one or two carbamate fragments were prepared; their aggregation behavior was systematically studied by tensiometery, spectrophotometry and fluorimetry. The presence of a carbamate fragment leads to a 2-3-fold decrease in critical micelle concentration and to a significant increase in solubilization capacity compared to unsubstituted analogue. Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect showed that all compounds exhibit high bactericidal and fungicidal activity against a wide range of pathogenic microorganisms, including their resistant forms. Importantly, the introducing carbamate moiety allows of decreasing hemolytic activity of cationic surfactants. The data obtained make it possible to recommend carbamate piperidinium surfactants as effective biocompatible and biodegradable nanocontainers for hydrophobic probes with high antimicrobial effect and moderate hemolytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rushana A Kushnazarova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Alla B Mirgorodskaya
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia.
| | - Denis M Kuznetsov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Elmira A Vasilieva
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Syumbelya K Amerhanova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Alexandra D Voloshina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
| | - Lucia Ya Zakharova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, Arbuzov St., 8, Kazan 420088, Russia
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Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Wong S, Dolzhenko AV, Gegechkori V, Ku H, Tucci J, Morton DW. Evaluation of bioactive compounds from Ficus carica L. leaf extracts via high-performance thin-layer chromatography combined with effect-directed analysis. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1706:464241. [PMID: 37541060 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
This study compares different solvent systems with the use of spontaneous fermentation on the phytochemical composition of leaf extracts from a locally grown white variety of common fig (Ficus carica Linn.). The aim was to detect and identify bioactive compounds that are responsible for acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α-amylase and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme inhibition, and compounds that exhibit antimicrobial activity. Bioactive zones in chromatograms were detected by combining High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with enzymatic and biological assays. A new experimental protocol for measuring the relative half-maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) was designed to evaluate the potency of the extracts compared to the potency of known inhibitors. Although the IC50 of the fig leaf extract for α-amylase and AChE inhibition were significantly higher when compared to IC50 for acarbose and donepezil, the COX-1 inhibition by the extract (IC50 = 627 µg) was comparable to that of salicylic acid (IC50 = 557 µg), and antimicrobial activity of the extract (IC50 = 375-511 µg) was similar to ampicillin (IC50 = 495 µg). Four chromatographic zones exhibited bioactivity. Compounds from detected bioactive bands were provisionally identified by comparing the band positions to coeluted standards, and by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra from eluted zones. Flash chromatography was used to separate selected extract into fractions and isolate fractions that are rich in bioactive compounds for further characterisation with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. The main constituents identified were umbelliferon (zone 1), furocoumarins psoralen and bergapten (zone 2), different fatty acids (zone 3 and 4), and pentacyclic triterpenoids (calotropenyl acetate or lupeol) and stigmasterol (zone 4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia.
| | - Sheryn Wong
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia
| | - Anton V Dolzhenko
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan 47500, Malaysia; Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987 Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Vladimir Gegechkori
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Heng Ku
- CSIRO Environment, Dutton Park, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph Tucci
- Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia
| | - David W Morton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev, Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; Department of Rural Clinical Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia
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Ling CW, Sud K, Patel R, Peterson G, Wanandy T, Yeoh SF, Van C, Castelino R. Culture-directed antibiotics in peritoneal dialysis solutions: a systematic review focused on stability and compatibility. J Nephrol 2023; 36:1841-1859. [PMID: 37548827 PMCID: PMC10543841 DOI: 10.1007/s40620-023-01716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This systematic review summarises the stability of less commonly prescribed antibiotics in different peritoneal dialysis solutions that could be used for culture-directed therapy of peritonitis, which would be especially useful in regions with a high prevalence of multidrug antibiotic-resistant strains. METHODS A literature search of Medline, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar for articles published from inception to 25 January, 2023 was conducted. Only antibiotic stability studies conducted in vitro and not recently reviewed by So et al. were included. The main outcomes were chemical, physical, antimicrobial and microbial stability. This protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration number CRD42023393366). RESULTS We screened 1254 abstracts, and 28 articles were included in the study. In addition to those discussed in a recent systematic review (So et al., Clin Kidney J 15(6):1071-1078, 2022), we identified 18 antimicrobial agents. Of these, 9 have intraperitoneal dosing recommendations in the recent International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) peritonitis guidelines, and 7 of the 9 had stability data applicable to clinical practice. They were cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, daptomycin, ofloxacin, and teicoplanin in glucose-based solutions, tobramycin in Extraneal solution only and fosfomycin in Extraneal, Nutrineal, Physioneal 1.36% and 2.27% glucose solutions. CONCLUSIONS Physicochemical stability has not been demonstrated for all antibiotics with intraperitoneal dosing recommendations in the ISPD peritonitis guidelines. Further studies are required to determine the stability of antibiotics, especially in icodextrin-based and low-glucose degradation products, pH-neutral solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Wei Ling
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Kamal Sud
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Nepean Kidney Research Centre, Department of Renal Medicine, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Peritoneal Dialysis Unit, Regional Dialysis Centre, Blacktown Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rahul Patel
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Gregory Peterson
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Troy Wanandy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Royal Hobart Hospital, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Siang Fei Yeoh
- Department of Pharmacy, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Connie Van
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Ronald Castelino
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Blacktown Hospital, Blacktown, NSW, Australia
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