Clinical characteristics and homology analysis of Staphylococcus aureus from would infection at a tertiary hospital in southern Zhejiang, China

Draft genome sequence data of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, strain 4233

Staphylococcus aureus is a conditionally pathogenic microorganism and one of the main causative agents of antibiotic resistant nosocomial infections. In immunocompromised people, S. aureus infection can cause folliculitis, furuncles, impetigo, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, sepsis, endocarditis, pneumonia and meningitis. In the presented work, sequencing of a methicillin-resistant S. aureus, strain 4233, was performed on the Illumina MiSeq platform, followed by bioinformatics processing and gene annotation using SPAdes, RAST and CARD programs and databases. The submitted genome is a total of 2,790,390 bp long and contains 2759 genes, including 82 RNA genes. 33 % of the genes are functionally significant and represent 25 functional groups. Fourteen genes encoding resistance factors to 14 different types of antibacterial drugs were predicted. The information provided on the genome of S. aureus, strain 4233 will be of value in investigating the evolution and formation of antibiotic-resistant forms of S. aureus.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification of DNA (LAMP) as an Alternative Method for Determining Bacteria in Wound Infections

The increasing number of patients with chronic wounds requires the development of quick and accurate diagnostics methods. One of the key and challenging aspects of treating ulcers is to control wound infection. Early detection of infection is essential for the application of suitable treatment methods, such as systemic antibiotics or other antimicrobial agents. Clinically, the most frequently used method for detecting microorganisms in wounds is through a swab and culture on appropriate media. This test has major limitations, such as the long bacterial growth time and the selectivity of bacterial growth. This article presents an overview of molecular methods for detecting bacteria in wounds, including real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), genotyping, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). We focus on the LAMP method, which has not yet been widely used to detect bacteria in wounds, but it is an interesting alternative to conventional detection methods. LAMP does not require additional complicated equipment and provides the fastest detection time for microorganisms (approx. 30 min reaction). It also allows the use of many pairs of primers in one reaction and determination of up to 15 organisms in one sample. Isothermal amplification of DNA is currently the easiest and most economical method for microbial detection in wound infection. Direct visualization of the reaction with dyes, along with omitting DNA isolation, has increased the potential use of this method.