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Nagy N, Hádinger N, Tóth O, Rácz GA, Pintér T, Gál Z, Urbán M, Gócza E, Hiripi L, Acsády L, Vértessy BG. Characterization of dUTPase expression in mouse postnatal development and adult neurogenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13139. [PMID: 38849394 PMCID: PMC11161619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The enzyme dUTPase has an essential role in maintaining genomic integrity. In mouse, nuclear and mitochondrial isoforms of the enzyme have been described. Here we present the isoform-specific mRNA expression levels in different murine organs during development using RT-qPCR. In this study, we analyzed organs of 14.5-day embryos and of postnatal 2-, 4-, 10-week- and 13-month-old mice. We demonstrate organ-, sex- and developmental stage-specific differences in the mRNA expression levels of both isoforms. We found high mRNA expression level of the nuclear isoform in the embryo brain, and the expression level remained relatively high in the adult brain as well. This was surprising, since dUTPase is known to play an important role in proliferating cells, and mass production of neural cells is completed by adulthood. Thus, we investigated the pattern of the dUTPase protein expression specifically in the adult brain with immunostaining and found that dUTPase is present in the germinative zones, the subventricular and the subgranular zones, where neurogenesis occurs and in the rostral migratory stream where neuroblasts migrate to the olfactory bulb. These novel findings suggest that dUTPase may have a role in cell differentiation and indicate that accurate dTTP biosynthesis can be vital, especially in neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Nagy
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Nóra Hádinger
- Laboratory of Thalamus Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HUN-REN, Szigony utca 43, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Otília Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, BME Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Attila Rácz
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, BME Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tímea Pintér
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gál
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Martin Urbán
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Elen Gócza
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - László Hiripi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
- Laboratory Animal Science Coordination Center, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Acsády
- Laboratory of Thalamus Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HUN-REN, Szigony utca 43, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta G Vértessy
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, BME Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary.
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Tiani KA, Stover PJ. DTYMK is an essential gene in mice and heterozygosity does not cause neural tube defects. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 755:109991. [PMID: 38621447 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.109991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Regulation of nucleotide biosynthesis is necessary for maintaining cellular processes including DNA replication and repair. A key enzyme in this process is deoxythymidylate kinase (dTYMK), which catalyzes the initial step in the production of dTTP from dTMP. This gene constitutes the first merged step of dTTP synthesis from the de novo and salvage pathways which regulate dTMP biosynthesis. Decreased de novo dTMP biosynthesis causes dysregulated dTTP:dUTP pools, and leads to increased uracil in DNA and neural tube closure defect (NTD) development in mice. The goal of this research was to investigate if dTYMK, the downstream enzyme in dTTP production, is an essential gene in mice and if impairments in dTYMK play a causal role in development including NTD pathology in mice. Dtymk+/- C57BL/6J females were weaned onto either a control, excess folic acid, or folic acid deficient diet and timed breeding was performed after 8 weeks on diet. The offspring were analyzed for NTDs and other reproductive outcomes at embryonic day 12.5 (E12.5). Dtymk-/- mice were confirmed to be embryonic lethal before E12.5, and Dtymk+/- mice on all three experimental diets did not show the presence of open neural tube defects, spina bifida or exencephaly. However, the expression of dTYMK in Dtymk+/- mouse embryos was confirmed to be decreased by approximately 3-fold compared to Dtymk+/+ embryos. Although dTYMK was demonstrated to be an essential gene in mice and is required for the regulation of nucleotide pools in vitro, there was no evidence of increased risk of NTDs because of a reduction in expression of this enzyme during embryonic development. It is possible that a further reduction in expression may be required to see developmental anomalies in C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra A Tiani
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Patrick J Stover
- College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2142, USA.
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Wang L. Zebrafish as a model for study of disorders in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2023:1-12. [PMID: 38153103 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2023.2298742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Pyrimidine nucleotides are not only the building blocks of DNA and RNA but also participate in multiple cellular metabolic processes, including protein, lipid and polysaccharide biosynthesis. Pyrimidine nucleotides are synthesized by two distinct pathways-the de novo and salvage pathways. Disorders in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism cause severe neurodegenerative disorders in human. For example, deficiency in thymidylate kinase, an essential enzyme in dTTP synthesis, causes severe microcephaly in human patients. Zebrafish mutants selected by insertion mutagenesis that results in inactive enzymes in pyrimidine metabolism showed also neurological and developmental disorders. In this work I have summarized current data on neurological and developmental disorders caused by defects in enzymes in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism in zebrafish and compared to human. All these data suggest that zebrafish is a useful animal model to study pathogenic mechanism of neurological disorders due to defect in pyrimidine nucleotide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Biochemistry, The Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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