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Anderson ME, Wind EJ, Robison LS. Exploring the neuroprotective role of physical activity in cerebral small vessel disease. Brain Res 2024; 1833:148884. [PMID: 38527712 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a common neurological finding characterized by abnormalities of the small blood vessels in the brain. Previous research has established a strong connection between cSVD and stroke, as well as neurodegenerative disorders, notably Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias. As the search for effective interventions continues, physical activity (PA) has emerged as a potential preventative and therapeutic avenue. This review synthesizes the human and animal literature on the influence of PA on cSVD, highlighting the importance of determining optimal exercise protocols, considering aspects such as intensity, duration, timing, and exercise type. Furthermore, the necessity of widening the age bracket in research samples is discussed, ensuring a holistic understanding of the interventions across varying pathological stages of the disease. The review also suggests the potential of exploring diverse biomarkers and risk profiles associated with clinically significant outcomes. Moreover, we review findings demonstrating the beneficial effects of PA in various rodent models of cSVD, which have uncovered numerous mechanisms of neuroprotection, including increases in neuroplasticity and integrity of the vasculature and white matter; decreases in inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction; and alterations in amyloid processing and neurotransmitter signaling. In conclusion, this review highlights the potential of physical activity as a preventive strategy for addressing cSVD, offering insights into the need for refining exercise parameters, diversifying research populations, and exploring novel biomarkers, while shedding light on the intricate mechanisms through which exercise confers neuroprotection in both humans and animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Anderson
- Department of Psychology, Family, and Justice Studies, University of Saint Joseph, 1678 Asylum Ave, West Hartford, CT 06117, USA
| | - Eleanor J Wind
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, 3300 S. University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Lisa S Robison
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Nova Southeastern University, 3300 S. University Drive, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA.
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2
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Li X, Yang D, Ma J, Wei W, Zheng J, Fan Y, Liang K, Shi X, Li D, She Z, Qi X, Chen S. Diagnostic value of plasma SIRT1 levels and whole-brain gray matter volume in Parkinson's disease patients with cognitive impairment. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:47-54. [PMID: 37718350 PMCID: PMC10761499 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07071-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was designed to investigate the diagnostic value of plasma SIRT1 levels and whole-brain gray matter (GM) volume in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with cognitive impairment. METHODS Automated enzymatic analysis was performed to measure plasma SIRT1 levels in 80 healthy controls and 77 PD patients. Motor symptoms and nonmotor symptoms in PD patients were assessed using the corresponding scales. A Siemens MAGNETOM Prisma 3 T MRI scanner was used to acquire images in 35 of 77 PD patients. RESULTS Plasma SIRT1 levels in PD patients were lower than those in healthy controls. Plasma SIRT1 levels were negatively correlated with the age, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS-III) scores, anxiety, depression, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), quality of life, and especially cognitive impairment. Thus, it showed that plasma SIRT1 levels were relevant to visuospatial/executive function, memory, and language. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis confirmed that plasma SIRT1 levels had good diagnostic accuracy for PD with anxiety and EDS. Furthermore, plasma SIRT1 levels had a significant positive correlation with GM volume in the whole brain, and ROC analysis confirmed that plasma SIRT1 levels and the total GM volume had good diagnostic accuracy for PD with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that plasma SIRT1 levels were correlated with the nonmotor symptoms of anxiety, depression, EDS, and especially cognitive impairment as well as the total GM volume. Furthermore, the combination of plasma SIRT1 levels and the total GM volume had good diagnostic accuracy for PD with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dawei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Ma
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jinhua Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongyan Fan
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Keke Liang
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxue Shi
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zonghan She
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuelin Qi
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Neurology, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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3
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Kazmi S, Farajdokht F, Meynaghizadeh-Zargar R, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Pasokh A, Farzipour M, Farazi N, Hamblin MR, Mahmoudi J. Transcranial photobiomodulation mitigates learning and memory impairments induced by hindlimb unloading in a mouse model of microgravity exposure by suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation signaling pathways. Brain Res 2023; 1821:148583. [PMID: 37717889 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged microgravity exposure causes cognitive impairment. Evidence shows that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the causation. Here, we explore the effectiveness of transcranial near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) on cognitive deficits in a mouse model of simulated microgravity. 24 adult male C57BL/6 mice were assigned into three groups (8 in each); control, hindlimb unloading (HU), and HU + PBM groups. After surgery to fit the suspension fixing, the animals were housed either in HU cages or in their normal cage for 14 days. The mice in the HU + PBM group received PBM (810 nm laser, 10 Hz, 8 J/cm2) once per day for 14 days. Spatial learning and memory were assessed in the Lashley III maze and hippocampus tissue samples were collected to assess oxidative stress markers and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). Behavioral testing showed that the PBM-treated animals had a shorter latency time to find the target and fewer errors than the HU group. PBM decreased hippocampal lipid peroxidation while increasing antioxidant defense systems (glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and total antioxidant capacity) compared to HU mice. PBM increased protein expression of Sirt1, Nrf2, and BDNF while decreasing NF-κB compared to HU mice. Our findings suggested that the protective effect of PBM against HU-induced cognitive impairment involved the activation of the Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway, up-regulation of BDNF, and reduction of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sareh Kazmi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Farajdokht
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Pasokh
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mohammad Farzipour
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Narmin Farazi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa; Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Mahmoudi
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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4
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Jung HY, Kwon HJ, Hahn KR, Kim W, Yoo DY, Yoon YS, Kim DW, Hwang IK. Tat-heat shock protein 10 ameliorates age-related phenotypes by facilitating neuronal plasticity and reducing age-related genes in the hippocampus. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:12723-12737. [PMID: 38011257 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of heat shock protein 10 (HSP10) protein on memory function, hippocampal neurogenesis, and other related genes/proteins in adult and aged mice. To translocate the HSP10 protein into the hippocampus, the Tat-HSP10 fusion protein was synthesized, and Tat-HSP10, not HSP10, was successfully delivered into the hippocampus based on immunohistochemistry and western blotting. Tat-HSP10 (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg) or HSP10 (control protein, 2.0 mg/kg) was administered daily to 3- and 21-month-old mice for 3 months, and observed the senescence maker P16 was significantly increased in aged mice and the treatment with Tat-HSP10 significantly decreased P16 expression in the hippocampus of aged mice. In novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests, aged mice demonstrated decreases in exploratory preferences, exploration time, distance moved, number of object contacts, and escape latency compared to adult mice. Treatment with Tat-HSP10 significantly improved exploratory preferences, the number of object contacts, and the time spent swimming in the target quadrant in aged mice but not adults. Administration of Tat-HSP10 increased the number of proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts in the dentate gyrus of adult and aged mice compared to controls, as determined by immunohistochemical staining for Ki67 and doublecortin, respectively. Additionally, Tat-HSP10 treatment significantly mitigated the reduction in sirtuin 1 mRNA level, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1, and postsynaptic density 95 protein levels in the hippocampus of aged mice. In contrast, Tat-HSP10 treatment significantly increased sirtuin 3 protein levels in both adult and aged mouse hippocampus. These suggest that Tat-HSP10 can potentially reduce hippocampus-related aging phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Young Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Institute of Veterinary Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, and Research Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, South Korea
| | - Kyu Ri Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Woosuk Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Veterinary Science Research Institute, Konkuk University, Seoul 05030, South Korea
| | - Dae Young Yoo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, South Korea
| | - Yeo Sung Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - In Koo Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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5
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Jia XY, Jiang DL, Jia XT, Fu LY, Tian H, Liu KL, Qi J, Kang YM, Yu XJ. Capsaicin improves hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy via SIRT1/NF-κB/MAPKs pathway in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 118:154951. [PMID: 37453193 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension has seriously affected a large part of the adult and elderly population. The complications caused by hypertension are important risk factors for cardiovascular disease accidents. Capsaicin, a pungent component of chili pepper has been revealed to improve hypertension. However, its potential mechanism in improving hypertension remains to be explored. PURPOSE In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether capsaicin could attenuate the SIRT1/NF-κB/MAPKs pathway in the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus (PVN). METHODS We used spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) as animal model rats. Micro osmotic pump was used to give capsaicin through PVN for 28 days, starting from age12-week-old. RESULTS The results showed that capsaicin significantly reduced blood pressure from the 16th day of infusion onward. At the end of the experimental period, we measured cardiac hypertrophy index and the heart rate (HR), and the results showed that the cardiac hypertrophy and heart rate of rats was significantly improved upon capsaicin chronic infusion. Norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine (EPI) in plasma of SHRs treated with capsaicin were also decreased. Additionally, capsaicin increased the protein expression and number of positive cells of SIRT1 and the 67-kDa isoform of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD67), decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), number of positive cells of NOX2, those of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) and p-IKKβ, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the gene expression levels of NOX4 and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Capsaicin also decreased the relative protein expressions of protein in MAPKs pathway. CONCLUSION Current data indicated that capsaicin within the PVN improves hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy via SIRT1/NF-κB/MAPKs pathway in the PVN of SHRs, supporting its potential as candidate drug for preventing and improving hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Yue Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China; Department of Physiology, Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, China
| | - Da-Li Jiang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Tao Jia
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Li-Yan Fu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Jie Qi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Yu-Ming Kang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center of Vaccine, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Education Ministry of China, Xi'an 710061, China.
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6
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Qiu X, Lu P, Zeng X, Jin S, Chen X. Study on the Mechanism for SIRT1 during the Process of Exercise Improving Depression. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050719. [PMID: 37239191 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism behind the onset of depression has been the focus of current research in the neuroscience field. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is a key player in regulating energy metabolism, and it can regulate depression by mediating the inflammatory response (e.g., nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β)), gene expression in the nucleus accumben (NAc) and CA1 region of the hippocampus (e.g., nescient helix-loop-helix2 (NHLH2), monoamine oxidase (MAO-A), and 5-Hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA)), and neuronal regeneration in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. Exercise is an important means to improve energy metabolism and depression, but it remains to be established how SIRT1 acts during exercise and improves depression. By induction and analysis, SIRT1 can be activated by exercise and then improve the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by upregulating brain-derived neurotrophic factors (BDNF), inhibit the inflammatory response (suppression of the NF-κB and TNF-α/indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)/5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) pathways), and promote neurogenesis (activation of the insulin-like growth factor1 (IGF-1) and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) pathways, etc.), thereby improving depression. The present review gives a summary and an outlook based on this finding and makes an analysis, which will provide a new rationale and insight for the mechanism by which exercise improves depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qiu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Pengcheng Lu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xinyu Zeng
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Shengjie Jin
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
| | - Xianghe Chen
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China
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7
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Wu QJ, Zhang TN, Chen HH, Yu XF, Lv JL, Liu YY, Liu YS, Zheng G, Zhao JQ, Wei YF, Guo JY, Liu FH, Chang Q, Zhang YX, Liu CG, Zhao YH. The sirtuin family in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:402. [PMID: 36581622 PMCID: PMC9797940 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRTs) are nicotine adenine dinucleotide(+)-dependent histone deacetylases regulating critical signaling pathways in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and are involved in numerous biological processes. Currently, seven mammalian homologs of yeast Sir2 named SIRT1 to SIRT7 have been identified. Increasing evidence has suggested the vital roles of seven members of the SIRT family in health and disease conditions. Notably, this protein family plays a variety of important roles in cellular biology such as inflammation, metabolism, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, etc., thus, it is considered a potential therapeutic target for different kinds of pathologies including cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, and other conditions. Moreover, identification of SIRT modulators and exploring the functions of these different modulators have prompted increased efforts to discover new small molecules, which can modify SIRT activity. Furthermore, several randomized controlled trials have indicated that different interventions might affect the expression of SIRT protein in human samples, and supplementation of SIRT modulators might have diverse impact on physiological function in different participants. In this review, we introduce the history and structure of the SIRT protein family, discuss the molecular mechanisms and biological functions of seven members of the SIRT protein family, elaborate on the regulatory roles of SIRTs in human disease, summarize SIRT inhibitors and activators, and review related clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Jun Wu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Oncology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xue-Fei Yu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jia-Le Lv
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Yang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ya-Shu Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jun-Qi Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Fan Wei
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jing-Yi Guo
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Chang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Zhang
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai-Gang Liu
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Cancer, Breast Cancer Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Hong Zhao
- grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Liaoning Key Laboratory of Precision Medical Research on Major Chronic Disease, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China ,grid.412467.20000 0004 1806 3501Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Zheng Y, Lang S, Liang J, Jiang Y, Zhao B, Chen H, Huang D, Li Q, Liu H, Chen S, Yilifate A, Xu F, Ou H, Lin Q. Effects of motor-cognitive interaction based on dual-task gait analysis recognition in middle age to aging people with normal cognition and mild cognitive impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:969822. [PMID: 36268186 PMCID: PMC9577255 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.969822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered a transitional stage between cognitive normality and dementia among the elderly, and its associated risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) is 10-15 times higher than that of the general population. MCI is an important threshold for the prevention and control of AD, and intervention in the MCI stage may be the most effective strategy to delay the occurrence of AD. Materials and methods In this study, 68 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were divided into an MCI group (38 subjects) and normal elderly (NE) group (30 subjects). Both groups underwent clinical function assessments (cognitive function, walking function, and activities of daily living) and dual-task three-dimensional gait analysis (walking motor task and walking calculation task). Spatial-temporal parameters were obtained and reduced by principal component analysis, and the key biomechanical indexes were selected. The dual-task cost (DTC) was calculated for intra-group (task factor) and inter-group (group factor) comparisons. Results The results of the principal component analysis showed that the cadence parameter had the highest weight in all three walking tasks. In addition, there were significant differences in the cadence both walking motor task (WMT) vs. walking task (WT) and walking calculation task (WCT) vs. WT in the MCI group. The cadence in the NE group only showed a significant difference between WMT and WT. The only differences between the MCI group and NE group was DTC cadence in WCT, and no differences were found for cadence in any of the three walking tasks. Conclusion The results show that dual tasks based on cognitive-motor gait analysis of DTCcadence in MCI have potential value for application in early identification and provide theoretical support to improve the clinical diagnosis of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijuan Lang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongchun Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biyi Zhao
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxin Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongqing Huang
- Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qinyi Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Zhanjiang Central Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Huijin Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shudi Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anniwaer Yilifate
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fangqiu Xu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haining Ou
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fifth Clinical College, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Maroofi A, Moro T, Agrimi J, Safari F. Cognitive decline in heart failure: Biomolecular mechanisms and benefits of exercise. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166511. [PMID: 35932891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
By definition, heart failure (HF) is a human pathological condition affecting the structure and function of all organs in the body, and the brain is not an exception to that. Failure of the heart to pump enough blood centrally and peripherally is at the foundation of HF patients' inability to attend even the most ordinary daily activities and progressive deterioration of their cognitive capacity. What is more, between heart and brain exists a bidirectional relationship that goes well beyond hemodynamics and concerns bioelectric and endocrine signaling. This increasingly consolidated evidence makes the scenario even more complex. Studies have mainly chased how HF impairs cognition without focusing much on preventive measures, notably cardio-cerebral health proxies. Here, we aim to provide a brief account of known and hypothetical factors that may explain how exercise can help obviate cognitive dysfunction associated with HF in its different forms. As we shall see, there is a stringent need for a deeper grasp of such mechanisms. Indeed, gaining this new knowledge will automatically shed new light on the inner workings of HF itself, thus resulting in more effective prevention and treatment of this escalating syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulbaset Maroofi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education & Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy
| | - Jacopo Agrimi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
| | - Fatemeh Safari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
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