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Chai L, Li H, Zhao X, Cui C, Zheng B, Zhang K, Jiang J, Zhang J, Jiang L. Analysis of Altered Flowering Related Genes in a Multi-Silique Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) Line zws-ms Based on Combination of Genome, Transcriptome and Proteome Data. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2429. [PMID: 37446989 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Based on previous researches, we further investigated the multi-silique trait in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) line zws-ms. In this study, we used a relatively comprehensive list of flowering related genes in rapeseed and compared them between zws-ms and its near-isogenic line (NIL) zws-217. Genes were studied on genome, transcriptome and proteome levels and then we focused on genes with non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) or frame-shift insertion-deletion (InDel), finding some genes on the list which changes their sequences. Then, combined with their annotation and the information of their orthologs, certain genes such as BnaA09g05900D, ortholog of AGAMOUS-LIKE 42 (AGL42), which encodes an MADS-box protein, were assumed as probably responsible for the multi-silique trait. Also, we analyzed the Differentially Accumulated Proteins (DAPs) between zws-ms and zws-217, revealing some genes involved in homologous recombination and mismatch repair pathways. Since the development of flowers/siliques is crucial to crops and it influences the yield of rapeseed, this study paved a way to deeply understand the mechanism of the multi-pistil flower formation, which may facilitate researches on rapeseed production in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chai
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
- Environment-Friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Haojie Li
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
- Environment-Friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Xiaoguang Zhao
- Hybrid Rapeseed Research Center of Shaanxi Province, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Benchuan Zheng
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Ka Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
- Environment-Friendly Crop Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Liangcai Jiang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China
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Shi X, Cui F, Han X, He Y, Zhao L, Zhang N, Zhang H, Zhu H, Liu Z, Ma B, Zheng S, Zhang W, Liu J, Fan X, Si Y, Tian S, Niu J, Wu H, Liu X, Chen Z, Meng D, Wang X, Song L, Sun L, Han J, Zhao H, Ji J, Wang Z, He X, Li R, Chi X, Liang C, Niu B, Xiao J, Li J, Ling HQ. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic analyses uncover the molecular basis of high nitrogen-use efficiency in the wheat cultivar Kenong 9204. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1440-1456. [PMID: 35864747 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Studying the regulatory mechanisms that drive nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) in crops is important for sustainable agriculture and environmental protection. In this study, we generated a high-quality genome assembly for the high-NUE wheat cultivar Kenong 9204 and systematically analyzed genes related to nitrogen uptake and metabolism. By comparative analyses, we found that the high-affinity nitrate transporter gene family had expanded in Triticeae. Further studies showed that subsequent functional differentiation endowed the expanded family members with saline inducibility, providing a genetic basis for improving the adaptability of wheat to nitrogen deficiency in various habitats. To explore the genetic and molecular mechanisms of high NUE, we compared genomic and transcriptomic data from the high-NUE cultivar Kenong 9204 (KN9204) and the low-NUE cultivar Jing 411 and quantified their nitrogen accumulation under high- and low-nitrogen conditions. Compared with Jing 411, KN9204 absorbed significantly more nitrogen at the reproductive stage after shooting and accumulated it in the shoots and seeds. Transcriptome data analysis revealed that nitrogen deficiency clearly suppressed the expression of genes related to cell division in the young spike of Jing 411, whereas this suppression of gene expression was much lower in KN9204. In addition, KN9204 maintained relatively high expression of NPF genes for a longer time than Jing 411 during seed maturity. Physiological and transcriptome data revealed that KN9204 was more tolerant of nitrogen deficiency than Jing 411, especially at the reproductive stage. The high NUE of KN9204 is an integrated effect controlled at different levels. Taken together, our data provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of NUE and important gene resources for improving wheat cultivars with a higher NUE trait.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Fa Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Module-Based Breeding of High Yield and Abiotic Resistant Plants in Universities of Shandong, College of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xinyin Han
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilin He
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haidong Zhu
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhexin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Bin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shusong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Yaoqi Si
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuiquan Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianqing Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huilan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Deyuan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Liqiang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Lijing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Jie Han
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China
| | - Xiaoyu He
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruilin Li
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xuebin Chi
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chengzhi Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Beifang Niu
- Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Junming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050022, China.
| | - Hong-Qing Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Innovation Academy for Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory of Hainan Province, Sanya 572019, China.
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Chai L, Zhang J, Li H, Cui C, Jiang J, Zheng B, Wu L, Jiang L. Investigation of Thermomorphogenesis-Related Genes for a Multi-Silique Trait in Brassica napus by Comparative Transcriptome Analysis. Front Genet 2021; 12:678804. [PMID: 34367242 PMCID: PMC8343136 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.678804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In higher plants, the structure of a flower is precisely controlled by a series of genes. An aberrance flower results in abnormal fruit morphology. Previously, we reported multi-silique rapeseed (Brassica napus) line zws-ms. We identified two associated regions and investigated differentially expressed genes (DEGs); thus, some candidate genes underlying the multi-silique phenotype in warm area Xindu were selected. However, this phenotype was switched off by lower temperature, and the responsive genes, known as thermomorphogenesis-related genes, remained elusive. So, based on that, in this study, we further investigated the transcriptome data from buds of zws-ms and its near-isogenic line zws-217 grown in colder area Ma’erkang, where both lines showed normal siliques only, and the DEGs between them analyzed. We compared the 129 DEGs from Xindu to the 117 ones from Ma’erkang and found that 33 of them represented the same or similar expression trends, whereas the other 96 DEGs showed different expression trends, which were defined as environment-specific. Furthermore, we combined this with the gene annotations and ortholog information and then selected BnaA09g45320D (chaperonin gene CPN10-homologous) and BnaC08g41780D [Seryl-tRNA synthetase gene OVULE ABORTION 7 (OVA7)-homologous] the possible thermomorphogenesis-related genes, which probably switched off the multi-silique under lower temperature. This study paves a way to a new perspective into flower/fruit development in Brassica plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chai
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Haojie Li
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Benchuan Zheng
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Lintao Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang, China
| | - Liangcai Jiang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, China
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Chai L, Zhang J, Li H, Zheng B, Jiang J, Cui C, Jiang L. Investigation for a multi-silique trait in Brassica napus by alternative splicing analysis. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10135. [PMID: 33083151 PMCID: PMC7548069 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Flower and fruit development are vital stages of the angiosperm lifecycle. We previously investigated the multi-silique trait in the rapeseed (Brassica napus) line zws-ms on a genomic and transcriptomic level, leading to the identification of two genomic regions and several candidate genes associated with this trait. However, some events on the transcriptome level, like alternative splicing, were poorly understood. Methods Plants from zws-ms and its near-isogenic line (NIL) zws-217 were both grown in Xindu with normal conditions and a colder area Ma'erkang. Buds from the two lines were sampled and RNA was isolated to perform the transcriptomic sequencing. The numbers and types of alternative splicing (AS) events from the two lines were counted and classified. Genes with AS events and expressed differentially between the two lines, as well as genes with AS events which occurred in only one line were emphasized. Their annotations were further studied. Results From the plants in Xindu District, an average of 205,496 AS events, which could be sorted into five AS types, were identified. zws-ms and zws-217 shared highly similar ratios of each AS type: The alternative 5' and 3' splice site types were the most common, while the exon skipping type was observed least often. Eleven differentially expressed AS genes were identified, of which four were upregulated and seven were downregulated in zws-ms. Their annotations implied that five of these genes were directly associated with the multi-silique trait. While samples from colder area Ma'erkang generated generally reduced number of each type of AS events except for Intron Retention; but the number of differentially expressed AS genes increased significantly. Further analysis found that among the 11 differentially expressed AS genes from Xindu, three of them maintained the same expression models, while the other eight genes did not show significant difference between the two lines in expression level. Additionally, the 205 line-specific expressed AS genes were analyzed, of which 187 could be annotated, and two were considered to be important. Discussion This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism of the agronomically important multi-silique trait in rapeseed on the transcriptome level and screens out some environment-responding candidate genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chai
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jinfang Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haojie Li
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Benchuan Zheng
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Liangcai Jiang
- Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Li Z, Ma S, Liu D, Zhang L, Du X, Xia Y, Song Q, Li Y, Zhang Y, Li Z, Yang Z, Niu N, Wang J, Song Y, Zhang G. Morphological and proteomic analysis of young spikes reveals new insights into the formation of multiple-pistil wheat. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 296:110503. [PMID: 32540019 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new multiple-pistil wheat mutant germplasm with more than one pistil in a floret was obtained from natural mutagenesis. This mutant can develop 2-3 grains in a glume after pollination and has a significant grain number advantage compared with normal wheat. However, the basis of the formation of multiple-pistil wheat has thus far not been well established. In this study, we first performed a continuous phenotypic observation of the floral meristem (FM) in multiple-pistil wheat. The results indicated that the secondary pistils are derived from extra stem cells that fail to terminate normally between the carpel primordium and the lodicule primordium. To further probe the potential molecular basis for the formation of secondary pistils, comparative proteomic analyses were conducted. A total of 334 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ), among which 131 proteins were highly abundant and 203 proteins were less abundant in the young spikes of multiple-pistil wheat. The DAPs, located primarily in the cell, were involved in the translation and the metabolisms of carbohydrate, nucleotide, and amino acid. Differential expression analysis showed that TaHUA2, TaRF2a, TaCHR12 and TaHEN2 may play vital roles in the regulation of wheat flower organ number. In general, the DAPs support the phenotypic analysis results at the molecular level. In combination, these results reveal new insights into the formation of multiple-pistil wheat and provide possible targets for further research on the regulation of floral organ number in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Shoucai Ma
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Lili Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Xijun Du
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Qilu Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yamin Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Ziliang Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Zhiquan Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Na Niu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Junwei Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Yulong Song
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China
| | - Gaisheng Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology & Breeding Center, Yangling Branch of State Wheat Improvement Centre, Wheat Breeding Engineering Research Center, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis of Shaanxi Province, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, PR China.
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