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Ma QH. Lignin Biosynthesis and Its Diversified Roles in Disease Resistance. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:295. [PMID: 38540353 PMCID: PMC10969841 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Lignin is complex, three-dimensional biopolymer existing in plant cell wall. Lignin biosynthesis is increasingly highlighted because it is closely related to the wide applications in agriculture and industry productions, including in pulping process, forage digestibility, bio-fuel, and carbon sequestration. The functions of lignin in planta have also attracted more attentions recently, particularly in plant defense response against different pathogens. In this brief review, the progress in lignin biosynthesis is discussed, and the lignin's roles in disease resistance are thoroughly elucidated. This issue will help in developing broad-spectrum resistant crops in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
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2
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Ma N, Sun P, Li ZY, Zhang FJ, Wang XF, You CX, Zhang CL, Zhang Z. Plant disease resistance outputs regulated by AP2/ERF transcription factor family. STRESS BIOLOGY 2024; 4:2. [PMID: 38163824 PMCID: PMC10758382 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-023-00140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plants have evolved a complex and elaborate signaling network to respond appropriately to the pathogen invasion by regulating expression of defensive genes through certain transcription factors. The APETALA2/ethylene response factor (AP2/ERF) family members have been determined as key regulators in growth, development, and stress responses in plants. Moreover, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated the critical roles of AP2/ERFs in plant disease resistance. In this review, we describe recent advances for the function of AP2/ERFs in defense responses against microbial pathogens. We summarize that AP2/ERFs are involved in plant disease resistance by acting downstream of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, and regulating expression of genes associated with hormonal signaling pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and formation of physical barriers in an MAPK-dependent or -independent manner. The present review provides a multidimensional perspective on the functions of AP2/ERFs in plant disease resistance, which will facilitate the understanding and future investigation on the roles of AP2/ERFs in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Ma
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Li
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Fu-Jun Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832003, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Wang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Xiang You
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China
| | - Chun-Ling Zhang
- College of Agricultural Science and Technology, Shandong Agriculture and Engineering University, Jinan, 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhenlu Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Apple Technology Innovation Center of Shandong Province, National Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271000, Shandong, China.
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3
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Yu Y, He J, Liu L, Zhao H, Zhang M, Hong J, Meng X, Fan H. Characterization of caffeoyl shikimate esterase gene family identifies CsCSE5 as a positive regulator of Podosphaera xanthii and Corynespora cassiicola pathogen resistance in cucumber. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:1937-1950. [PMID: 37823975 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03074-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE CsCSE genes might be involved in the tolerance of cucumber to pathogens. Silencing of the CsCSE5 gene resulted in attenuated resistance of cucumber to Podosphaera xanthii and Corynespora cassiicola. Caffeoyl shikimate esterase (CSE), a key enzyme in the lignin biosynthetic pathway, has recently been characterized to play a key role in defense against pathogenic infection in plants. However, a systematic analysis of the CSE gene family in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) has not yet been conducted. Here, we identified eight CsCSE genes from the cucumber genome via bioinformatic analyses, and these genes were unevenly distributed on chromosomes 1, 3, 4, and 5. Results from multiple sequence alignment indicated that the CsCSE proteins had domains required for CSE activity. Phylogenetic analysis of gene structure and protein motifs revealed the conservation and diversity of the CsCSE gene family. Collinearity analysis showed that CsCSE genes had high homology with CSE genes in wax gourd (Benincasa hispida). Cis-acting element analysis of the promoters suggested that CsCSE genes might play important roles in growth, development, and stress tolerance. Expression pattern analysis indicated that CsCSE5 might be involved in regulating the resistance of cucumber to pathogens. Functional verification data confirmed that CsCSE5 positively regulates the resistance of cucumber to powdery mildew pathogen Podosphaera xanthii and target leaf spot pathogen Corynespora cassiicola. The results of our study provide information that will aid the genetic improvement of resistant cucumber varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Jiajing He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Linghao Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinghang Hong
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangnan Meng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
| | - Haiyan Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning, China.
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He S, Wang X, Du Z, Liang P, Zhong Y, Wang L, Zhang YY, Shen Y. Physiological and transcriptomic responses to cold waves of the most cold-tolerant mangrove, Kandelia obovata. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1069055. [PMID: 36844068 PMCID: PMC9950753 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1069055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove forests inhabit tropical or subtropical intertidal zones and have remarkable abilities in coastline protection. Kandelia obovata is considered the most cold-tolerant mangrove species and has been widely transplanted to the north subtropical zone of China for ecological restoration. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms of K. obovata under colder climate was still unclear. Here, we manipulated the typical climate of cold waves in the north subtropical zone with cycles of cold/recovery and analyzed the physiological and transcriptomic responses of seedlings. We found that both physiological traits and gene expression profiles differed between the first and later cold waves, indicating K. obovata seedlings were acclimated by the first cold experience and prepared for latter cold waves. 1,135 cold acclimation-related genes (CARGs) were revealed, related to calcium signaling, cell wall modification, and post-translational modifications of ubiquitination pathways. We identified the roles of CBFs and CBF-independent transcription factors (ZATs and CZF1s) in regulating the expression of CARGs, suggesting both CBF-dependent and CBF- independent pathways functioned in the cold acclimation of K. obovata. Finally, we proposed a molecular mechanism of K. obovata cold acclimation with several key CARGs and transcriptional factors involved. Our experiments reveal strategies of K. obovata coping with cold environments and provide prospects for mangrove rehabilitation and management.
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Chen B, Dang X, Bai W, Liu M, Li Y, Zhu L, Yang Y, Yu P, Ren H, Huang D, Pan X, Wang H, Qin Y, Feng S, Wang Q, Lin D. The IPGA1-ANGUSTIFOLIA module regulates microtubule organisation and pavement cell shape in Arabidopsis. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 236:1310-1325. [PMID: 35975703 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant cells continuously experience mechanical stress resulting from the cell wall that bears internal turgor pressure. Cortical microtubules align with the predicted maximal tensile stress direction to guide cellulose biosynthesis and therefore results in cell wall reinforcement. We have previously identified Increased Petal Growth Anisotropy (IPGA1) as a putative microtubule-associated protein in Arabidopsis, but the function of IPGA1 remains unclear. Here, using the Arabidopsis cotyledon pavement cell as a model, we demonstrated that IPGA1 forms protein granules and interacts with ANGUSTIFOLIA (AN) to cooperatively regulate microtubule organisation in response to stress. Application of mechanical perturbations, such as cell ablation, led to microtubule reorganisation into aligned arrays in wild-type cells. This microtubule response to stress was enhanced in the IPGA1 loss-of-function mutant. Mechanical perturbations promoted the formation of IPGA1 granules on microtubules. We further showed that IPGA1 physically interacted with AN both in vitro and on microtubules. The ipga1 mutant alleles exhibited reduced interdigitated growth of pavement cells, with smooth shape. IPGA1 and AN had a genetic interaction in regulating pavement cell shape. Furthermore, IPGA1 genetically and physically interacted with the microtubule-severing enzyme KATANIN. We propose that the IPGA1-AN module regulates microtubule organisation and pavement cell shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binqing Chen
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xie Dang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Wenting Bai
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Min Liu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ying Li
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lilan Zhu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanqiu Yang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- Agricultural Ecology Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China
| | - Peihang Yu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Huibo Ren
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Dingquan Huang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xue Pan
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA
| | - Haifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Yuan Qin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shiliang Feng
- Smart Materials and Advanced Structure Laboratory, School of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Deshu Lin
- Basic Forestry and Proteomic Research Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
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Ninkuu V, Yan J, Zhang L, Fu Z, Yang T, Li S, Li B, Duan J, Ren J, Li G, Yang X, Zeng H. Hrip1 mediates rice cell wall fortification and phytoalexins elicitation to confer immunity against Magnaporthe oryzae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:980821. [PMID: 36212323 PMCID: PMC9546723 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.980821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnaporthe oryzae is a potent fungus that adversely affects rice yield. Combinatorial techniques of prevention, toxic chemicals, and fungicide are used to remedy rice blast infection. We reported the role of Hrip1 in cell death elicitation and expression of systematic acquired resistance that could potentially stifle M. oryzae infection. In this study, transcriptome and metabolomic techniques were used to investigate the mechanism by which Hrip1 reprogramed the transcriptome of rice seedlings to confer immunity against M. oryzae. Our results showed that Hrip1 induces cell wall thickening and phytoalexin elicitation to confer immunity against M. oryzae infection. Hrip1 activates key lignin biosynthetic genes and myeloblastosis transcription factors that act as molecular switches for lignin production. Lignin content was increased by 68.46% and more after 48 h onwards in Hrip1-treated seedlings compared to the control treatment. Further analysis of cell wall morphology using the transmission electron microscopy technique revealed over 100% cell wall robustness. Hrip1 also induced the expression of 24 diterpene synthases. These include class I and II terpene synthases, cytochrome P450 subfamilies (OsCYP76M and OsCYP71Z), and momilactones synthases. The relationship between the expression of these genes and metabolic elicitation was analyzed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Enhanced amounts of momilactones A and B, oryzalactone, and phytocassane A and G were detected in the Hrip1-treated leaves. We also identified seven benzoxazinoid genes (BX1-BX7) that could improve rice immunity. Our findings show that Hrip1 confers dual immunity by leveraging lignin and phytoalexins for physical and chemical resistance. This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms underlying Hrip1-treated plant immunity.
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7
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Yu Y, Yu Y, Cui N, Ma L, Tao R, Ma Z, Meng X, Fan H. Lignin biosynthesis regulated by CsCSE1 is required for Cucumis sativus defence to Podosphaera xanthii. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 186:88-98. [PMID: 35830761 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a complex phenolic compound that can enhance the stiffness, hydrophobicity, and antioxidant capacity of the cell wall; it thus provides a critical barrier against pathogen and insect invaders. Caffeoyl shikimate esterase (CSE) is a key novel enzyme involved in lignin biosynthesis that is associated with genetic improvements in lignocellulosic biomass; however, no research thus far have revealed the role of CSE in resistance to pathogenic stress. CsCSE1 (Cucsa.134370) has previously been shown to highly associated with the response of cucumber to attack by Podosphaera xanthii through RNA sequencing. Here, we detected the exactly role of CsCSE1 in the defence of cucumber to P. xanthii infection. Homologous sequence alignment revealed that CsCSE1 contains two highly conserved lyase domains (GXSXG), suggesting that CsCSE1 possesses CSE activity. Subcellular localization analysis manifested that CsCSE1 was localized to the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Functional analysis demonstrated that the transient silencing of CsCSE1 in cucumber dramatically attenuated resistance to P. xanthii, whereas overexpression of CsCSE1 in cucumber markedly increased resistance to P. xanthii. Further investigation of the abundance of lignin in transient transgenic plants revealed that CsCSE1 might actively mediate the disease resistance of cucumber by promoting lignin biosynthesis. CsCSE1 also affects the expression of its downstream lignin biosynthesis-related genes, like CsLAC, CsCOMT, CsCCR, and CsCAD. The results of this study provide targets for the genetic breeding of tolerant cucumber cultivars as well as new insights that could aid the control of plant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Na Cui
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Lifeng Ma
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Ran Tao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhangtong Ma
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiangnan Meng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Haiyan Fan
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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8
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Rudnicka M, Noszczyńska M, Malicka M, Kasperkiewicz K, Pawlik M, Piotrowska-Seget Z. Outer Membrane Vesicles as Mediators of Plant-Bacterial Interactions. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:902181. [PMID: 35722319 PMCID: PMC9198584 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.902181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have co-evolved with diverse microorganisms that have developed different mechanisms of direct and indirect interactions with their host. Recently, greater attention has been paid to a direct “message” delivery pathway from bacteria to plants, mediated by the outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). OMVs produced by Gram-negative bacteria play significant roles in multiple interactions with other bacteria within the same community, the environment, and colonized hosts. The combined forces of innovative technologies and experience in the area of plant–bacterial interactions have put pressure on a detailed examination of the OMVs composition, the routes of their delivery to plant cells, and their significance in pathogenesis, protection, and plant growth promotion. This review synthesizes the available knowledge on OMVs in the context of possible mechanisms of interactions between OMVs, bacteria, and plant cells. OMVs are considered to be potential stimulators of the plant immune system, holding potential for application in plant bioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Rudnicka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Noszczyńska
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Malicka
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kasperkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Pawlik
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zofia Piotrowska-Seget
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Malivert A, Erguvan Ö, Chevallier A, Dehem A, Friaud R, Liu M, Martin M, Peyraud T, Hamant O, Verger S. FERONIA and microtubules independently contribute to mechanical integrity in the Arabidopsis shoot. PLoS Biol 2021; 19:e3001454. [PMID: 34767544 PMCID: PMC8612563 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To survive, cells must constantly resist mechanical stress. In plants, this involves the reinforcement of cell walls, notably through microtubule-dependent cellulose deposition. How wall sensing might contribute to this response is unknown. Here, we tested whether the microtubule response to stress acts downstream of known wall sensors. Using a multistep screen with 11 mutant lines, we identify FERONIA (FER) as the primary candidate for the cell’s response to stress in the shoot. However, this does not imply that FER acts upstream of the microtubule response to stress. In fact, when performing mechanical perturbations, we instead show that the expected microtubule response to stress does not require FER. We reveal that the feronia phenotype can be partially rescued by reducing tensile stress levels. Conversely, in the absence of both microtubules and FER, cells appear to swell and burst. Altogether, this shows that the microtubule response to stress acts as an independent pathway to resist stress, in parallel to FER. We propose that both pathways are required to maintain the mechanical integrity of plant cells. In all living organisms, cells must resist mechanical stress to survive. This study of the model plant Arabidopsis reveals that the candidate cell wall mechanoreceptor FERONIA and microtubules independently contribute to this mechanical feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Malivert
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Özer Erguvan
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Chevallier
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Antoine Dehem
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Rodrigue Friaud
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Mengying Liu
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Marjolaine Martin
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Théophile Peyraud
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
| | - Olivier Hamant
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (OH); (SV)
| | - Stéphane Verger
- Laboratoire de Reproduction et Développement des Plantes, Université de Lyon, UCB Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, INRAE, CNRS, Lyon, France
- * E-mail: (OH); (SV)
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10
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Behnami S, Bonetta D. With an Ear Up against the Wall: An Update on Mechanoperception in Arabidopsis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1587. [PMID: 34451632 PMCID: PMC8398075 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cells interpret mechanical signals and adjust their physiology or development appropriately. In plants, the interface with the outside world is the cell wall, a structure that forms a continuum with the plasma membrane and the cytoskeleton. Mechanical stress from cell wall damage or deformation is interpreted to elicit compensatory responses, hormone signalling, or immune responses. Our understanding of how this is achieved is still evolving; however, we can refer to examples from animals and yeast where more of the details have been worked out. Here, we provide an update on this changing story with a focus on candidate mechanosensitive channels and plasma membrane-localized receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dario Bonetta
- Faculty of Science, Ontario Tech University, 2000 Simcoe St N, Oshawa, ON L1G 0C5, Canada;
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11
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Arabidopsis cell wall composition determines disease resistance specificity and fitness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2010243118. [PMID: 33509925 PMCID: PMC7865177 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2010243118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant cells are surrounded by an extracellular matrix known as the cell wall. We have analyzed the contribution of the Arabidopsis cell wall to disease resistance to pathogens with different parasitic styles. Here, we demonstrate that plant cell walls are determinants of immune responses since modification of their composition in a set of Arabidopsis cell wall mutants has an impact on their disease resistance and fitness phenotypes. In these genotypes, we identified specific correlations between the amounts of specific wall carbohydrate epitopes and disease resistance/fitness phenotypes through mathematical analyses. These data support the relevant and specific function of plant cell wall composition in plant immune responses and provide the basis for using wall traits in crop breeding programs. Plant cell walls are complex structures subject to dynamic remodeling in response to developmental and environmental cues and play essential functions in disease resistance responses. We tested the specific contribution of plant cell walls to immunity by determining the susceptibility of a set of Arabidopsis cell wall mutants (cwm) to pathogens with different parasitic styles: a vascular bacterium, a necrotrophic fungus, and a biotrophic oomycete. Remarkably, most cwm mutants tested (29/34; 85.3%) showed alterations in their resistance responses to at least one of these pathogens in comparison to wild-type plants, illustrating the relevance of wall composition in determining disease-resistance phenotypes. We found that the enhanced resistance of cwm plants to the necrotrophic and vascular pathogens negatively impacted cwm fitness traits, such as biomass and seed yield. Enhanced resistance of cwm plants is not only mediated by canonical immune pathways, like those modulated by phytohormones or microbe-associated molecular patterns, which are not deregulated in the cwm tested. Pectin-enriched wall fractions isolated from cwm plants triggered immune responses in wild-type plants, suggesting that wall-mediated defensive pathways might contribute to cwm resistance. Cell walls of cwm plants show a high diversity of composition alterations as revealed by glycome profiling that detect specific wall carbohydrate moieties. Mathematical analysis of glycome profiling data identified correlations between the amounts of specific wall carbohydrate moieties and disease resistance phenotypes of cwm plants. These data support the relevant and specific function of plant wall composition in plant immune response modulation and in balancing disease resistance/development trade-offs.
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A biological agent modulates the physiology of barley infected with Drechslera teres. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8330. [PMID: 33859319 PMCID: PMC8050242 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87853-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recognized as the causal agent of net blotch, Drechslera teres is responsible for major losses of barley crop yield. The consequences of this leaf disease are due to the impact of the infection on the photosynthetic performance of barley leaves. To limit the symptoms of this ascomycete, the use of beneficial bacteria known as "Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria" constitutes an innovative and environmentally friendly strategy. A bacterium named as strain B25 belonging to the genus Burkholderia showed a strong antifungal activity against D. teres. The bacterium was able to limit the development of the fungus by 95% in detached leaves of bacterized plants compared to the non-bacterized control. In this study, in-depth analyses of the photosynthetic performance of young barley leaves infected with D. teres and/or in the presence of the strain B25 were carried out both in and close to the necrotic area. In addition, gas exchange measurements were performed only near the necrotic area. Our results showed that the presence of the beneficial bacterium reduced the negative impact of the fungus on the photosynthetic performance and modified only the net carbon assimilation rate close to the necrotic area. Indeed, the presence of the strain B25 decreased the quantum yield of regulated non-photochemical energy loss in PSII noted as Y(NPQ) and allowed to maintain the values stable of maximum quantum yield of PSII photochemistry known as Fv/Fm and close to those of the control in the presence of D. teres. To the best of our knowledge, these data constitute the first study focusing on the impact of net blotch fungus and a beneficial bacterium on photosynthesis and respiratory parameters in barley leaves.
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Molina A, Miedes E, Bacete L, Rodríguez T, Mélida H, Denancé N, Sánchez-Vallet A, Rivière MP, López G, Freydier A, Barlet X, Pattathil S, Hahn M, Goffner D. Arabidopsis cell wall composition determines disease resistance specificity and fitness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2010243118. [PMID: 33509925 DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.21.105650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cell walls are complex structures subject to dynamic remodeling in response to developmental and environmental cues and play essential functions in disease resistance responses. We tested the specific contribution of plant cell walls to immunity by determining the susceptibility of a set of Arabidopsis cell wall mutants (cwm) to pathogens with different parasitic styles: a vascular bacterium, a necrotrophic fungus, and a biotrophic oomycete. Remarkably, most cwm mutants tested (29/34; 85.3%) showed alterations in their resistance responses to at least one of these pathogens in comparison to wild-type plants, illustrating the relevance of wall composition in determining disease-resistance phenotypes. We found that the enhanced resistance of cwm plants to the necrotrophic and vascular pathogens negatively impacted cwm fitness traits, such as biomass and seed yield. Enhanced resistance of cwm plants is not only mediated by canonical immune pathways, like those modulated by phytohormones or microbe-associated molecular patterns, which are not deregulated in the cwm tested. Pectin-enriched wall fractions isolated from cwm plants triggered immune responses in wild-type plants, suggesting that wall-mediated defensive pathways might contribute to cwm resistance. Cell walls of cwm plants show a high diversity of composition alterations as revealed by glycome profiling that detect specific wall carbohydrate moieties. Mathematical analysis of glycome profiling data identified correlations between the amounts of specific wall carbohydrate moieties and disease resistance phenotypes of cwm plants. These data support the relevant and specific function of plant wall composition in plant immune response modulation and in balancing disease resistance/development trade-offs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Molina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain;
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Miedes
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Bacete
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tinguaro Rodríguez
- Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Faculty of Mathematics, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Interdisciplinary Mathematics Institute, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Hugo Mélida
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Denancé
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Andrea Sánchez-Vallet
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marie-Pierre Rivière
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gemma López
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Amandine Freydier
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Barlet
- Laboratory of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
| | - Sivakumar Pattathil
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-4712
| | - Michael Hahn
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-4712
| | - Deborah Goffner
- Laboratoire de Recherche en Sciences Végétales, Université Toulouse III-Paul Sabatier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan Cedex, France
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Gigli-Bisceglia N, Engelsdorf T, Hamann T. Plant cell wall integrity maintenance in model plants and crop species-relevant cell wall components and underlying guiding principles. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2049-2077. [PMID: 31781810 PMCID: PMC7256069 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The walls surrounding the cells of all land-based plants provide mechanical support essential for growth and development as well as protection from adverse environmental conditions like biotic and abiotic stress. Composition and structure of plant cell walls can differ markedly between cell types, developmental stages and species. This implies that wall composition and structure are actively modified during biological processes and in response to specific functional requirements. Despite extensive research in the area, our understanding of the regulatory processes controlling active and adaptive modifications of cell wall composition and structure is still limited. One of these regulatory processes is the cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism, which monitors and maintains the functional integrity of the plant cell wall during development and interaction with environment. It is an important element in plant pathogen interaction and cell wall plasticity, which seems at least partially responsible for the limited success that targeted manipulation of cell wall metabolism has achieved so far. Here, we provide an overview of the cell wall polysaccharides forming the bulk of plant cell walls in both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants and the effects their impairment can have. We summarize our current knowledge regarding the cell wall integrity maintenance mechanism and discuss that it could be responsible for several of the mutant phenotypes observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Gigli-Bisceglia
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708 PB, The Netherlands
| | - Timo Engelsdorf
- Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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Engelsdorf T, Kjaer L, Gigli-Bisceglia N, Vaahtera L, Bauer S, Miedes E, Wormit A, James L, Chairam I, Molina A, Hamann T. Correction to: Functional characterization of genes mediating cell wall metabolism and responses to plant cell wall integrity impairment. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:385. [PMID: 31488059 PMCID: PMC6727420 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1995-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported that the two curves in the sub-diagram WSR4 in Fig. 2a should be the other way round.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Engelsdorf
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Present Address: Division of Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, Philipps University of Marburg, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Lars Kjaer
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, SW72AZ, UK
- Present Address: Sjælland erhvervsakademi, Breddahlsgade 1b, 4200, Slagelse, Zealand, Denmark
| | - Nora Gigli-Bisceglia
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
- Present Address: Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, 6708PB, The Netherlands
| | - Lauri Vaahtera
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stefan Bauer
- Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California, 120A Energy Biosciences Building, 2151 Berkeley Way, MC 5230, Berkeley, CA, 94720-5230, USA
- Present Address: Zymergen, Inc, 5980 Horton St, Suite 105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Eva Miedes
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo- UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alexandra Wormit
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, SW72AZ, UK
- Present Address: RWTH Aachen, Institute for Biology I, Worringerweg 3, 52056, Aachen, Germany
| | - Lucinda James
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, SW72AZ, UK
- Present Address: ADAS, Battlegate Road, Boxworth, Cambridge, CB23 4NN, UK
| | - Issariya Chairam
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, SW72AZ, UK
- Present Address: ADAS, Battlegate Road, Boxworth, Cambridge, CB23 4NN, UK
- Present Address: Department of Nuclear Safety and Security, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna International Centre, PO Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Antonio Molina
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Campus de Montegancedo- UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thorsten Hamann
- Institute for Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 5 Høgskoleringen, 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
- Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, London, SW72AZ, UK.
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