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Wu JW, Zhao ZY, Hu RC, Huang YF. Genome-wide identification, stress- and hormone-responsive expression characteristics, and regulatory pattern analysis of Scutellaria baicalensis SbSPLs. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:20. [PMID: 38363403 PMCID: PMC10873456 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01410-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKEs (SPLs) encode plant-specific transcription factors that regulate plant growth and development, stress response, and metabolite accumulation. However, there is limited information on Scutellaria baicalensis SPLs. In this study, 14 SbSPLs were identified and divided into 8 groups based on phylogenetic relationships. SbSPLs in the same group had similar structures. Abscisic acid-responsive (ABRE) and MYB binding site (MBS) cis-acting elements were found in the promoters of 8 and 6 SbSPLs. Segmental duplications and transposable duplications were the main causes of SbSPL expansion. Expression analysis based on transcriptional profiling showed that SbSPL1, SbSPL10, and SbSPL13 were highly expressed in roots, stems, and flowers, respectively. Expression analysis based on quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR) showed that most SbSPLs responded to low temperature, drought, abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA), among which the expression levels of SbSPL7/9/10/12 were significantly upregulated in response to abiotic stress. These results indicate that SbSPLs are involved in the growth, development and stress response of S. baicalensis. In addition, 8 Sba-miR156/157 s were identified, and SbSPL1-5 was a potential target of Sba-miR156/157 s. The results of target gene prediction and coexpression analysis together indicated that SbSPLs may be involved in the regulation of L-phenylalanine (L-Phe), lignin and jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis. In summary, the identification and characterization of the SbSPL gene family lays the foundation for functional research and provides a reference for improved breeding of S. baicalensis stress resistance and quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wen Wu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zi-Yi Zhao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Ren-Chuan Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China
| | - Yun-Feng Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality Standards, Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, Nanning, 530022, China.
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Jiang GG, Wan QQ, Zou W, Hu GT, Yang LY, Zhu L, Ning HJ. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the evolution and expression pattern of the SBP gene family in two Chimonanthus species. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9107-9119. [PMID: 37749345 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08799-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chimonanthus praecox and Chimonanthus salicifolius are closely related species that diverged approximately six million years ago. While both C. praecox and C. salicifolius could withstand brief periods of low temperatures of - 15 °C. Their flowering times are different, C. praecox blooms in early spring, whereas C. salicifolius blooms in autumn. The SBP-box (SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein) is a plant-specific gene family that plays a crucial vital role in regulating plant flowering. Although extensively studied in various plants, the SBP gene family remains uncharacterized in Calycanthaceae. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted genome-wide identification of SBP genes in both C. praecox and C. salicifolius and comprehensively characterized the chromosomal localization, gene structure, conserved motifs, and domains of the identified SBP genes. In total, 15 and 18 SBP genes were identified in C. praecox and C. salicifolius, respectively. According to phylogenetic analysis, the SBP genes from Arabidopsis, C. praecox, and C. salicifolius were clustered into eight groups. Analysis of the gene structure and conserved protein motifs showed that SBP proteins of the same subfamily have similar motif structures. The expression patterns of SBP genes were analyzed using transcriptome data. The results revealed that more than half of the genes exhibited lower expression levels in leaves than in flowers, suggesting their potential involvement in the flower development process and may be linked to the winter and autumn flowering of C. praecox and C. salicifolius. CONCLUSION Thirty-three SBPs were identified in C. praecox and C. salicifolius. The evolutionary characteristics and expression patterns were examined in this study. These results provide valuable information to elucidate the evolutionary relationships of the SBP family and help determine the functional characteristics of the SBP genes in subsequent studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge-Ge Jiang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wan
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Wei Zou
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Gui-Ting Hu
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311100, China
| | - Li-Yuan Yang
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China.
| | - Li Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Economic Forest Germplasm Improvement and Resources Comprehensive Utilization, College of Biology and Agricultural Resources, Huanggang Normal University, Huanggang, 438000, China.
| | - Hui-Juan Ning
- School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311100, China.
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration On Germplasm Innovation and Utilization for Southern Garden Plants, Zhejiang Agriculture & Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Zhou B, Gao X, Zhao F. Integration of mRNA and miRNA Analysis Reveals the Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Salt Stress Response in Hemerocallis fulva. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087290. [PMID: 37108448 PMCID: PMC10139057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to non-coding small RNAs which have been shown to take a regulatory function at the posttranscriptional level in plant growth development and response to abiotic stress. Hemerocallis fulva is an herbaceous perennial plant with fleshy roots, wide distribution, and strong adaptability. However, salt stress is one of the most serious abiotic stresses to limit the growth and production of Hemerocallis fulva. To identify the miRNAs and their targets involved in the salt stress resistance, the salt-tolerant H. fulva with and without NaCl treatment were used as materials, and the expression differences of miRNAs-mRNAs related to salt-tolerance were explored and the cleavage sites between miRNAs and targets were also identified by using degradome sequencing technology. In this study, twenty and three significantly differential expression miRNAs (p-value < 0.05) were identified in the roots and leaves of H. fulva separately. Additionally, 12,691 and 1538 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were also obtained, respectively, in roots and leaves. Moreover, 222 target genes of 61 family miRNAs were validated by degradome sequencing. Among the DE miRNAs, 29 pairs of miRNA targets displayed negatively correlated expression profiles. The qRT-PCR results also showed that the trends of miRNA and DEG expression were consistent with those of RNA-seq. A gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of these targets revealed that the calcium ion pathway, oxidative defense response, microtubule cytoskeleton organization, and DNA binding transcription factor responded to NaCl stress. Five miRNAs, miR156, miR160, miR393, miR166, and miR396, and several hub genes, squamosa promoter-binding-like protein (SPL), auxin response factor 12 (ARF), transport inhibitor response 1-like protein (TIR1), calmodulin-like proteins (CML), and growth-regulating factor 4 (GRF4), might play central roles in the regulation of NaCl-responsive genes. These results indicate that non-coding small RNAs and their target genes that are related to phytohormone signaling, Ca2+ signaling, and oxidative defense signaling pathways are involved in H. fulva's response to NaCl stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Vegetation Ecology Restoration, Northeast Forestry University, Ministry of Education, Harbin 150040, China
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics & Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Fei Zhao
- Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Su J, Song S, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Dong T, Ge X, Duan H. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of DREB family genes in cotton. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:169. [PMID: 36997878 PMCID: PMC10061749 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04180-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dehydration responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors are widely present in plants, and involve in signalling transduction, plant growth and development, and stress response. DREB genes have been characterized in multiple species. However, only a few DREB genes have been studied in cotton, one of the most important fibre crops. Herein, the genome‑wide identification, phylogeny, and expression analysis of DREB family genes are performed in diploid and tetraploid cotton species. RESULTS In total, 193, 183, 80, and 79 putative genes containing the AP2 domain were identified using bioinformatics approaches in G. barbadense, G. hirsutum, G. arboretum, and G. raimondii, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that based on the categorization of Arabidopsis DREB genes, 535 DREB genes were divided into six subgroups (A1-A6) by using MEGA 7.0. The identified DREB genes were distributed unevenly across 13/26 chromosomes of A and/or D genomes. Synteny and collinearity analysis confirmed that during the evolution, the whole genome duplications, segmental duplications, and/or tandem duplications occurred in cotton DREB genes, and then DREB gene family was further expanded. Further, the evolutionary trees with conserved motifs, cis-acting elements, and gene structure of cotton DREB gene family were predicted, and these results suggested that DREB genes might be involved in the hormone and abiotic stresses responses. The subcellular localization showed that in four cotton species, DREB proteins were predominantly located in the nucleus. Further, the analysis of DREB gene expression was carried out by real-time quantitative PCR, confirming that the identified DREB genes of cotton were involved in response to early salinity and osmotic stress. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our results presented a comprehensive and systematic understanding in the evolution of cotton DREB genes, and demonstrated the potential roles of DREB family genes in stress and hormone response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuchang Su
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Shanglin Song
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yiting Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Yunpeng Zeng
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Tianyu Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, China.
| | - Hongying Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China.
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Genome-Wide Identification and Phylogenetic and Expression Analyses of the PLATZ Gene Family in Medicago sativa L. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032388. [PMID: 36768707 PMCID: PMC9916490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The PLATZ family is a novel class of plant-specific zinc finger transcription factors with important roles in plant growth and development and abiotic stress responses. PLATZ members have been identified in many plants, including Oryza sativa, Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, Fagopyrum tataricum, and Arabidopsis thaliana; however, due to the complexity of the alfalfa reference genome, the members of the PLATZ gene family in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) have not been systematically identified and analyzed. In this study, 55 Medicago sativa PLATZ genes (MsPLATZs) were identified in the alfalfa "Xinjiangdaye" reference genome. Basic bioinformatic analysis was performed, including the characterization of sequence lengths, protein molecular weights, genomic positions, and conserved motifs. Expression analysis reveals that 7 MsPLATZs are tissue-specifically expressed, and 10 MsPLATZs are expressed in all examined tissues. The transcriptomic expression of these genes is obvious, indicating that these MsPLATZs have different functions in the growth and development of alfalfa. Based on transcriptome data analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we identified 22, 22, and 21 MsPLATZ genes that responded to salt, cold, and drought stress, respectively, with 20 MsPLATZs responding to all three stresses. This study lays a foundation for further exploring the functions of MsPLATZs, and provides ideas for the improvement of alfalfa varieties and germplasm innovation.
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The NtSPL Gene Family in Nicotiana tabacum: Genome-Wide Investigation and Expression Analysis in Response to Cadmium Stress. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14010183. [PMID: 36672923 PMCID: PMC9859093 DOI: 10.3390/genes14010183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The SQUAMOSA promoter binding protein-like (SPL)SPL family genes play an important role in regulating plant growth and development, synthesis of secondary metabolites, and resistance to stress. Understanding of the role of the SPL family in tobacco is still limited. In this study, 42 NtSPL genes were identified from the genome of the tobacco variety TN90. According to the results of the conserved motif and phylogenetic tree, the NtSPL genes were divided into eight subgroups, and the genes in the same subgroup showed similar gene structures and conserved domains. The cis-acting element analysis of the NtSPL promoters showed that the NtSPL genes were regulated by plant hormones and stresses. Twenty-eight of the 42 NtSPL genes can be targeted by miR156. Transcriptome data and qPCR results indicated that the expression pattern of miR156-targeted NtSPL genes was usually tissue specific. The expression level of miR156 in tobacco was induced by Cd stress, and the expression pattern of NtSPL4a showed a significant negative correlation with that of miR156. These results suggest that miR156-NtSPL4a may mediate the tobacco response to Cd stress. This study lays a foundation for further research on the function of the NtSPL gene and provides new insights into the involvement of NtSPL genes in the plant response to heavy metal stress.
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