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Hashigami A, Tamura R, Takezaki C, Asano T, Yoshinaka T, Hirano K, Takemura A, Yamashita H, Nose A, Kozaki D. Multifunctional-separation-mode ion chromatography method for determining major metabolites during multiple parallel fermentation of rice wine. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:4045-4053. [PMID: 38804516 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00591k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Facile and effective analysis methods are desirable for elucidating the behaviours of metabolites during fermentation reactions. Herein, a multifunctional-separation-mode ion chromatography (MFS-IC) method was developed for the simultaneous monitoring of major metabolites during multiple parallel fermentation, including those related to central carbon metabolism (saccharification, glycolysis, alcoholic fermentation, and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle). The use of two types of sulfo-modified size-exclusion columns and phthalic acid as the eluent allowed the separation of oligosaccharides (disaccharides, trisaccharides, and tetrasaccharides), glucose, pyruvate, and major organic acids during the TCA cycle (cis-aconitate, citrate, iso-citrate, malate, fumarate, and succinate but not α-ketoglutarate) from other non-target analytes. The MFS-IC method was successfully applied to monitoring the major metabolites in the rice wine brewing process. This approach can contribute to an improved understanding of metabolite behaviour during fermentation without requiring the use of expensive advanced instrumentation methods such as liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Hashigami
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi City, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
| | - Ryousei Tamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi City, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
| | - Chihiro Takezaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi City, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
| | - Tohru Asano
- Department of Brewing, Tsukasa Botan Brewing Company, Limited, 1299 Ko, Sakawa-cho, Takaoka-gun, Kochi 789-1201, Japan
| | - Taichi Yoshinaka
- Department of Brewing, Tsukasa Botan Brewing Company, Limited, 1299 Ko, Sakawa-cho, Takaoka-gun, Kochi 789-1201, Japan
| | - Kentarou Hirano
- Department of Brewing, Tsukasa Botan Brewing Company, Limited, 1299 Ko, Sakawa-cho, Takaoka-gun, Kochi 789-1201, Japan
| | - Akihiko Takemura
- Department of Brewing, Tsukasa Botan Brewing Company, Limited, 1299 Ko, Sakawa-cho, Takaoka-gun, Kochi 789-1201, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yamashita
- Higuchi Matsunosuke Shoten Company, Limited, 1-14-2, Harimacho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka-fu 545-0022, Japan
| | - Akira Nose
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Human Ecology, Yasuda Women's University, 6-13-1, Yasuhigashi, Hiroshima Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kozaki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Kochi University, 2-5-1 Akebono-cho, Kochi City, Kochi 780-8520, Japan.
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Sun S, Liu X, Zhao D, Zheng L, Han X, Tian Y, Feng S. Discovery of the Active Compounds of the Ethyl Acetate Extract Site of Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Blume for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury. Molecules 2024; 29:770. [PMID: 38398522 PMCID: PMC10891587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the pharmacodynamic constituents of Ardisiae Japonicae Herba (AJH) for the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI). To fully analyze the chemical contents of various extraction solvents (petroleum ether site (PE), ethyl acetate site (EA), n-butanol site (NB), and water site (WS)) of AJH, the UPLC-Orbitrap Fusion-MS technique was employed. Subsequently, the anti-inflammatory properties of the four extracted components of AJH were assessed using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MH-S cellular inflammation model. The parts that exhibited anti-inflammatory activity were identified. Additionally, a technique was developed to measure the levels of specific chemical constituents in the anti-inflammatory components of AJH. The correlation between the "anti-inflammatory activity" and the constituents was analyzed, enabling the identification of a group of pharmacodynamic components with anti-inflammatory properties. ALI model rats were created using the tracheal drip LPS technique. The pharmacodynamic indices were evaluated for the anti-inflammatory active portions of AJH. The research revealed that the PE, EA, NB, and WS extracts of AJH included 215, 289, 128, and 69 unique chemical components, respectively. Additionally, 528 chemical components were discovered after removing duplicate values from the data. The EA exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the cellular assay. A further analysis was conducted to determine the correlation between anti-inflammatory activity and components. Seventeen components, such as caryophyllene oxide, bergenin, and gallic acid, were identified as potential pharmacodynamic components with anti-inflammatory activity. The pharmacodynamic findings demonstrated that the intermediate and high doses of the EA extract from AJH exhibited a more pronounced effect in enhancing lung function, blood counts, and lung histology in a way that depended on the dosage. To summarize, when considering the findings from the previous study on the chemical properties of AJH, it was determined that the EA contained a group of 13 constituents that primarily contributed to its pharmacodynamic effects against ALI. The constituents include bergenin, quercetin, epigallocatechingallate, and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuding Sun
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xuefang Liu
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Di Zhao
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lishi Zheng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Han
- College of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Yange Tian
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Suxiang Feng
- Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450003, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases Co-Constructed by Henan Province & Education Ministry of China, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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