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Hu P, Peng H, Man X, Xing Z, Wang C, Yu C, Xing J, Yan X, Zhang H, Zeng M, Bao L, Zou J, Zhu P, Xu Y. Transcriptomic analysis and oxidative stress induced by sodium dichloroisocyanurate in the intestine of Phascolosoma esculenta. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 278:109857. [PMID: 38354993 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2024.109857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC, C3Cl2N3NaO3) is a solid chlorine-containing product that is widely used as a disinfectant in living environments, which has potential toxic effects on human and rats. Phascolosoma esculenta is a species native to the southeast coast of China and can be used as an indicator organism. In the present study, 150 P. esculenta were used to determine the LC50 of NaDCC for P. esculenta, then 100 P. esculenta were used to analysis the change of histopathology, oxidative stress and transcriptome after NaDCC exposure. The results showed that the LC50 of NaDCC for 48 h was 50 mg/L. NaDCC stress induced pathological events in P. esculenta, including blisters, intestinal structural damage and epithelial cell ruptured or even loss. The highest and lowest intestinal activity of superoxide dismutase in individual survivors was detected at 12 h and 72 h, respectively. Malondialdehyde levels in the intestine declined gradually from 3 h and increased at 9 h, and peaked at 12 h. Total antioxidant capacity declined at 3 h and dropped below the levels of control group after 9 h. Transcriptome sequencing analysis yielded a total of 48.65 Gb of clean data. A total of 34,759 new genes were found including 957 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The DEGs were significantly enriched in ferroptosis, response to chemicals, response to stress, immune system, ion transport, cell death, oxidation-reduction, cellular homeostasis, protein ubiquitination, and protein neddylation. Additionally, the levels of detoxification enzymes, such as glutathione-S-transferase, cytochrome P450, ABC, UDP-glycosyltransferase and SLC transporters of endogenous and exogenous solutes were significantly changed. Overall, the results provide reference for reasonable use of disinfectants during farming, and also provide insight into the mechanisms related to NaDCC toxicity in P. esculenta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifen Hu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Huijing Peng
- Guangxi institute of oceanology Co., Ltd., Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Xiao Man
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Zenghou Xing
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Chongyang Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Congyan Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Jiamin Xing
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Xueyu Yan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China
| | - Mengqing Zeng
- Guangxi institute of oceanology Co., Ltd., Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Lei Bao
- Guangxi institute of oceanology Co., Ltd., Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Jie Zou
- Guangxi institute of oceanology Co., Ltd., Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi 530007, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China.
| | - Youhou Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou, Guangxi 535011, China.
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