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Richardson SC, Williams JA, Vance MM, Phipps-Bennett M, Stevenson AP, Herbert R. Informing Equitable Prevention Practices: A Statewide Disaggregated Analysis of Suicide for Ethnoracially Minoritized Adolescents. PREVENTION SCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR PREVENTION RESEARCH 2024; 25:532-544. [PMID: 38429617 PMCID: PMC11093829 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-024-01654-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The increase in adolescent suicide rates in the United States is a pervasive public health issue, and ethnoracial youth with diverse identities are disproportionately impacted, yet less studied. National planning efforts reinforce state-level approaches to suicide prevention through an equitable lens to prevent adolescent suicide. This study examined disaggregated state-level data over time to determine changes to suicide outcomes based on race/ethnicity, sex, sexual orientation, and the intersection of these identities and determined which sub-groups had higher odds of suicide outcomes. Data from the 1991-2019 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Youth Risk Behavioral Surveillance System were analyzed for 17,419 ethnoracially minoritized high school adolescents in North Carolina. Descriptive analyses and multinominal logistic regression models were employed. Findings indicated that subgroups within categories of ethnoracial populations, specifically Black female adolescents unsure of their sexual orientation, reported higher rates of suicide attempts. Additionally, Multiracial adolescents reported higher means for suicide consideration and attempts over time. Recommendations for investigating state-level suicide data by focusing on diverse intersecting identities to illuminate areas for potential prevention efforts and support health equity are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonyia C Richardson
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA.
| | | | | | - Margaret Phipps-Bennett
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223, USA
| | | | - Rehaana Herbert
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
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2
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Wang X, Zhao C, Feng H, Li G, He L, Yang L, Liang Y, Tan X, Xu Y, Cui R, Sun Y, Guo S, Zhao G, Zhang J, Ai S. Associations of Insomnia With Insulin Resistance Traits: A Cross-sectional and Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2023; 108:e574-e582. [PMID: 36794917 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Insomnia is associated with insulin resistance (IR) in observational studies; however, whether insomnia is causally associated with IR remains unestablished. OBJECTIVE This study aims to estimate the causal associations of insomnia with IR and its related traits. METHODS In primary analyses, multivariable regression (MVR) and 1-sample Mendelian randomization (1SMR) analyses were performed to estimate the associations of insomnia with IR (triglyceride-glucose index and triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [TG/HDL-C] ratio) and its related traits (glucose level, TG, and HDL-C) in the UK Biobank. Thereafter, 2-sample MR (2SMR) analyses were used to validate the findings from primary analyses. Finally, the potential mediating effects of IR on the pathway of insomnia giving rise to type 2 diabetes (T2D) were examined using a 2-step MR design. RESULTS Across the MVR, 1SMR, and their sensitivity analyses, we found consistent evidence suggesting that more frequent insomnia symptoms were significantly associated with higher values of triglyceride-glucose index (MVR, β = 0.024, P < 2.00E-16; 1SMR, β = 0.343, P < 2.00E-16), TG/HDL-C ratio (MVR, β = 0.016, P = 1.75E-13; 1SMR, β = 0.445, P < 2.00E-16), and TG level (MVR, β = 0.019 log mg/dL, P < 2.00E-16, 1SMR: β = 0.289 log mg/dL, P < 2.00E-16) after Bonferroni adjustment. Similar evidence was obtained by using 2SMR, and mediation analysis suggested that about one-quarter (25.21%) of the association between insomnia symptoms and T2D was mediated by IR. CONCLUSIONS This study provides robust evidence supporting that more frequent insomnia symptoms are associated with IR and its related traits across different angles. These findings indicate that insomnia symptoms can be served as a promising target to improve IR and prevent subsequent T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Chenhao Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Hongliang Feng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Guohua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Neuroscience (Sleep Science, BMC), Uppsala University, Uppsala SE-75105, Sweden
| | - Yanmin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Ruixiang Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Yujing Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Guoan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510370, China
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Sizhi Ai
- Department of Cardiology, Life Science Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui 453100, China
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510370, China
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Spry EA, Olsson CA, Aarsman SR, Mohamad Husin H, Macdonald JA, Dashti SG, Moreno-Betancur M, Letcher P, Biden EJ, Thomson KC, McAnally H, Greenwood CJ, Middleton M, Hutchinson DM, Carlin JB, Patton GC. Parental personality and early life ecology: a prospective cohort study from preconception to postpartum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3332. [PMID: 36849463 PMCID: PMC9971123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29139-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Personality reliably predicts life outcomes ranging from social and material resources to mental health and interpersonal capacities. However, little is known about the potential intergenerational impact of parent personality prior to offspring conception on family resources and child development across the first thousand days of life. We analysed data from the Victorian Intergenerational Health Cohort Study (665 parents, 1030 infants; est. 1992), a two-generation study with prospective assessment of preconception background factors in parental adolescence, preconception personality traits in young adulthood (agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotional stability, extraversion, and openness), and multiple parental resources and infant characteristics in pregnancy and after the birth of their child. After adjusting for pre-exposure confounders, both maternal and paternal preconception personality traits were associated with numerous parental resources and attributes in pregnancy and postpartum, as well as with infant biobehavioural characteristics. Effect sizes ranged from small to moderate when considering parent personality traits as continuous exposures, and from small to large when considering personality traits as binary exposures. Young adult personality, well before offspring conception, is associated with the perinatal household social and financial context, parental mental health, parenting style and self-efficacy, and temperamental characteristics of offspring. These are pivotal aspects of early life development that ultimately predict a child's long-term health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Spry
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125 Australia
| | - Craig A. Olsson
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Stephanie R. Aarsman
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hanafi Mohamad Husin
- grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jacqui A. Macdonald
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S. Ghazaleh Dashti
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Margarita Moreno-Betancur
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Primrose Letcher
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ebony J. Biden
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kimberly C. Thomson
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.17091.3e0000 0001 2288 9830Human Early Learning Partnership, School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada ,grid.498772.7Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Helena McAnally
- grid.29980.3a0000 0004 1936 7830Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J. Greenwood
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa Middleton
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Delyse M. Hutchinson
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1005.40000 0004 4902 0432National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John B. Carlin
- grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - George C. Patton
- grid.1058.c0000 0000 9442 535XCentre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia ,grid.1008.90000 0001 2179 088XDepartment of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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Chinoy ED, Carey FR, Kolaja CA, Jacobson IG, Cooper AD, Markwald RR. The bi-directional relationship between post-traumatic stress disorder and obstructive sleep apnea and/or insomnia in a large U.S. military cohort. Sleep Health 2022; 8:606-614. [PMID: 36163136 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Determine if a bi-directional relationship exists between the development of sleep disorders (obstructive sleep apnea [OSA] and/or insomnia) and existing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and vice versa; and examine military-related factors associated with these potential relationships. DESIGN Longitudinal analyses of a prospective representative U.S. military cohort. PARTICIPANTS Millennium Cohort Study responders in 2011-2013 (Time 1 [T1]) and 2014-2016 (Time 2 [T2]) without insomnia or OSA at T1 (N = 65,915) or without PTSD at T1 (N = 71,256). MEASUREMENTS Provider-diagnosed OSA, self-reported items for insomnia, provider-diagnosed PTSD, and current PTSD symptoms were assessed at T1 and T2. Adjusted multivariable models identified military-related factors associated with new-onset PTSD in those with OSA and/or insomnia, and vice versa. RESULTS Self-reported history of provider-diagnosed PTSD without current symptoms at T1 was associated with new-onset OSA only and comorbid OSA/insomnia at T2, while current PTSD symptoms and/or diagnosis was associated with new-onset insomnia only. OSA/insomnia at T1 was consistently associated with newly reported PTSD symptoms or diagnosis except that insomnia only was not associated with newly reported provider-diagnosed PTSD. Military-related risk factors significantly associated with the bi-directional relationship for new-onset PTSD or OSA/insomnia included prior deployment with higher combat exposure and recent separation from the military; being an officer was protective for both outcomes. CONCLUSIONS In this large military cohort, findings suggest that PTSD and OSA and/or insomnia are bi-directionally predictive for their development, which was sometimes revealed by health care utilization. Relevant military-related risk factors should be considered in efforts to prevent or treat PTSD and/or sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan D Chinoy
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA; Leidos, Inc., San Diego, California, USA
| | - Felicia R Carey
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, California, USA; Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Claire A Kolaja
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, California, USA; Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Isabel G Jacobson
- Leidos, Inc., San Diego, California, USA; Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Adam D Cooper
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA; Deployment Health Research Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA; Innovative Employee Solutions, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Rachel R Markwald
- Sleep, Tactical Efficiency, and Endurance Laboratory, Warfighter Performance Department, Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA.
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5
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Belding JN, Castañeda SF, Jacobson IG, LeardMann CA, Porter B, Powell TM, Kolaja CA, Seelig AD, Matsuno RK, Carey FR, Rivera AC, Trone DW, Sheppard B, Walstrom J, Boyko EJ, Rull RP, For The Millennium Cohort Study Team. The Millennium Cohort Study: The First 20 Years of Research Dedicated to Understanding the Long-Term Health of US Service Members and Veterans. Ann Epidemiol 2021; 67:61-72. [PMID: 34906635 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The Millennium Cohort Study, the US Department of Defense's largest and longest running study, was conceived in 1999 to investigate the effects of military service on service member health and well-being by prospectively following active duty, Reserve, and National Guard personnel from all branches during and following military service. In commemoration of the Study's 20th anniversary, this paper provides a summary of its methods, key findings, and future directions. Recruitment and enrollment of the first 5 panels occurred between 2001 and 2021. After completing a baseline survey, participants are requested to complete follow-up surveys every 3 to 5 years. Study research projects are categorized into 3 core portfolio areas (psychological health, physical health, and health-related behaviors) and several cross-cutting areas and have culminated in more than 120 publications to date. For example, some key Study findings include that specific military service-related factors (e.g., experiencing combat, serving in certain occupational subgroups) were associated with adverse health-related outcomes and that unhealthy behaviors and mental health issues may increase following the transition from military service to veteran status. The Study will continue to foster stakeholder relationships such that research findings inform and guide policy initiatives and health promotion efforts.
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Key Words
- Abbreviations
- Army STARRS, Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers
- DoD, Department of Defense
- Millennium Cohort Study, military, veterans, deployment, risk factors, protective factors, physical health, mental health, health-related behaviors, longitudinal cohort
- OEF, Operation Enduring Freedom
- OIF, Operation Iraqi Freedom
- OND, Operation New Dawn
- PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder
- VA, Department of Veterans Affairs
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Belding
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Sheila F Castañeda
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Isabel G Jacobson
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Cynthia A LeardMann
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Ben Porter
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA; Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi, USA
| | - Teresa M Powell
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Claire A Kolaja
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Amber D Seelig
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rayna K Matsuno
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Felicia R Carey
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Anna C Rivera
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Daniel W Trone
- Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Beverly Sheppard
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Jennifer Walstrom
- Leidos, San Diego, California, USA; Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Edward J Boyko
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rudolph P Rull
- Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, California, USA.
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