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Yu Q, Zhang Y, Tian Y, Peng A, Cui X, Ding B, Yang L, Liu Y, Ju Y, Gao C. Exosomal Circ_FMN2 Derived from the Serum of Colorectal Cancer Patients Promotes Cancer Progression by miR-338-3p/MSI1 Axis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:7322-7337. [PMID: 36995659 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract with high incidence and mortality. Exosomal circular RNA (circRNA) has been shown to be associated with the malignant progression of cancers, including CRC. Circ_0005100 (named as circ_FMN2) has been shown to promote CRC cell proliferation and migration. However, whether exosomal circ_FMN2 participated in CRC progression remains unclear. METHODS Exosomes were isolated from the serum of CRC patients and then identified using transmission electron microscope. Western blot assay was used to test the protein levels of exosome markers, proliferation-related marker, metastasis-related markers and musashi-1 (MSI1). The expression levels of circ_FMN2, microRNA (miR)-338-3p and MSI1 were detected by qPCR. Flow cytometry, colony formation assay, MTT assay, and transwell assay were employed to measure cell cycle, apoptosis, colony formation ability, viability, migration and invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed to assess the interaction between miR-338-3p and circ_FMN2 or MSI1. BALB/c nude mice was used to conduct animal experiments. RESULTS Circ_FMN2 was overexpressed in the exosomes of CRC patient's serums and CRC cells. Overexpressed exosomal circ_FMN2 could promote CRC cell proliferation, metastasis, and suppress apoptosis. Circ_FMN2 acted as miR-338-3p sponge. MiR-338-3p overexpression reversed the promotion effect of circ_FMN2 on CRC progression. MSI1 was found to be a target of miR-338-3p, and its overexpression revoked the inhibitory effect of miR-338-3p on CRC progression. Furthermore, exosomal circ_FMN2 overexpression also could facilitate CRC tumor growth in vivo. CONCLUSION Exosomal circ_FMN2 accelerated CRC progression through miR-338-3p/MSI1 axis, revealing that exosomal circ_FMN2 might be a target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyao Yu
- Department of Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yanming Tian
- Department of Physiology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ale Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiujing Cui
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Boyue Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yabin Liu
- Department of Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yingchao Ju
- Department of experimental animal center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Chao Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No. 12, Jian Kang Road, Shijiazhuang, 050011, Hebei Province, China.
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Lachinani L, Forouzanfar M, Dormiani K, Soltani BM, Dolatshahi K, Hakimian SM, Dokanehiifard S, Nasr-Esfahani MH. The oncogene Musashi1 encodes novel miRNAs in breast cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13710. [PMID: 37607966 PMCID: PMC10444885 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40666-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding protein Musashi1 (MSI1) shows an increased expression level in several cancers and has been introduced as a prognostic marker in some malignancies. It is expected that if any miRNA is encoded by this gene, it might have a role in cancer development or could be considered as a prognostic biomarker. Accordingly, in this study, we aimed to find novel miRNA(s) inside the intronic regions of the MSI1 gene. Here, we report two novel miRNAs within intron 4 of MSI1 gene, named MSM2 and MSM3, which were selected among several miRNA precursors predicted by bioinformatic studies. For experimental analysis, corresponding precursor miRNAs were transfected into HEK293T cells and exogenous expression of the mature miRNAs were detected. Two mature miRNAs, MSM3-3p and MSM3-5p were generated by MSM3 precursor and one, MSM2-5p was derived from MSM2. Besides, endogenous expression of MSM2-5p and MSM3-3p was detected in MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cell lines. Expression of both mature miRNAs was also detected in clinical samples of breast cancer. Additionally, the interaction between the MSM3-3p and 3'UTR region of PDE11A was confirmed by dual luciferase assay. Overall, our data demonstrated that MSI1 gene encodes two novel miRNAs in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Lachinani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Forouzanfar
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kianoush Dormiani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Bahram Mohammad Soltani
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Dolatshahi
- Department of Medicine, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammadreza Hakimian
- Ordibehesht Breast Clinic, Isfahan, Iran
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sadat Dokanehiifard
- Department of Human Genetics, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Biomedical Research Building, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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Lv S, Wang J, Li L. Extracellular vesicular lncRNA FAL1 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion by inducing macrophage M2 polarization. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:669-682. [PMID: 37147492 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-022-00922-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Current evidence finds that circulating exosomal lncRNA focally amplified lncRNA on chromosome 1 (FAL1) promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanism of serum extracellular vesicular FAL1 in HCC progression remains elusive. Here, we extracted extracellular vesicles (EVs) from serum samples of HCC patients and healthy volunteers, and found that FAL1 was highly enriched in the serum EVs of HCC patients. Then, macrophages were treated with EVs alone or together with small interfering RNA against FAL1 (si-FAL1). The data indicated that FAL1-enriched EVs induced macrophage M2 polarization, while silencing FAL1 in macrophages antagonized the role of EVs. Moreover, HepG2 cells were co-cultured with the conditioned macrophages, and co-culturing with EVs-incubated macrophages promoted HepG2 cell proliferation, invasion, cell cycle progression, and colony formation, and inhibited cell apoptosis and sorafenib sensitivity, while interfering FAL1 in macrophages reversed these effects. Consistently, ectopic expression of FAL1 in macrophages also induced macrophage M2 polarization, and co-culture of FAL1-overexpressing macrophages with HepG2 cells facilitated the malignant progression of HepG2 cells. Furthermore, co-culturing HepG2 cells with EVs-incubated macrophages activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and treatment with a Wnt/β-catenin pathway inhibitor IWP-2 partially neutralized the effect of EVs-incubated macrophages on HepG2 cell malignant behaviors. Additionally, FAL1 enriched EVs-incubated macrophages markedly increased mouse xenograft tumor growth. In conclusion, extracellular vesicular lncRNA FAL1 promotes macrophage M2 polarization and further activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in HCC cells, thus promoting HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samei Lv
- Department of Elderly Digestive, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, 710068, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinhai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
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RNA-binding proteins: Underestimated contributors in tumorigenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:431-444. [PMID: 35124196 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
mRNA export, translation, splicing, cleavage or capping determine mRNA stability, which represents one of the primary aspects regulating gene expression and function. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) bind to their target mRNAs to regulate multiple cell functions by increasing or reducing their stability. In recent decades, studies of the role of RBPs in tumorigenesis have revealed an increasing number of proteins impacting the prognosis, diagnosis and cancer treatment. Several RBPs have been identified based on their interactions with oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes in human cancers, which are involved in apoptosis, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), DNA repair, autophagy, cell proliferation, immune response, metabolism, and the regulation of noncoding RNAs. In this review, we propose a model showing how RBP mutations influence tumorigenesis, and we update the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanism by which RBPs regulate cancer. Special attention is being devoted to RBPs that represent prognostic and diagnostic factors in cancer patients.
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Abstract
Liver metastasis, originating either from a primary liver or other cancer types, represent a large cancer-related burden. Therefore, studies that add to better understanding of its molecular basis are needed. Herein, the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in liver metastasis is outlined. Its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), motility, migration, metastasis formation, and other steps of the metastatic cascade are presented. Additionally, the roles of the Wnt signaling pathway in the liver metastasis formation of colorectal, breast, gastric, lung, melanoma, pancreatic, and prostate cancer are explored. The special emphasis is given to the role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the communication between the many of the components of the primary and secondary cancer microenvironment that contribute to the metastatic outgrowth in the liver. The data presented herein are a review of the most recent publications and advances in the field that add to the idea that the Wnt pathway is among the drivers of liver metastasis and that its targeting could potentially relieve liver metastasis–related complications.
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Bley N, Hmedat A, Müller S, Rolnik R, Rausch A, Lederer M, Hüttelmaier S. Musashi-1-A Stemness RBP for Cancer Therapy? BIOLOGY 2021; 10:407. [PMID: 34062997 PMCID: PMC8148009 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) promotes stemness during development and cancer. By controlling target mRNA turnover and translation, MSI1 is implicated in the regulation of cancer hallmarks such as cell cycle or Notch signaling. Thereby, the protein enhanced cancer growth and therapy resistance to standard regimes. Due to its specific expression pattern and diverse functions, MSI1 represents an interesting target for cancer therapy in the future. In this review we summarize previous findings on MSI1's implications in developmental processes of other organisms. We revisit MSI1's expression in a set of solid cancers, describe mechanistic details and implications in MSI1 associated cancer hallmark pathways and highlight current research in drug development identifying the first MSI1-directed inhibitors with anti-tumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Bley
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
- Core Facility Imaging, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Ali Hmedat
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Simon Müller
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Robin Rolnik
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Alexander Rausch
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
- Core Facility Imaging, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Marcell Lederer
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
| | - Stefan Hüttelmaier
- Department for Molecular Cell Biology, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Martin Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, Kurt–Mothes–Str. 3A, 06120 Halle, Germany; (A.H.); (S.M.); (R.R.); (A.R.); (M.L.); (S.H.)
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Chen Z, Xie H, Hu M, Huang T, Hu Y, Sang N, Zhao Y. Recent progress in treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:2993-3036. [PMID: 33042631 PMCID: PMC7539784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In the past decade, there have been improvements in non-drug therapies and drug therapies for HCC treatment. Non-drug therapies include hepatic resection, liver transplantation, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and ablation. The former two surgical treatments are beneficial for patients with early and mid-stage HCC. As the first choice for non-surgical treatment, different TACE methods has been developed and widely used in combination therapy. Ablation has become an important alternative therapy for the treatment of small HCC or cases of unresectable surgery. Meanwhile, the drugs including small molecule targeted drugs like sorafenib and lenvatinib, monoclonal antibodies such as nivolumab are mainly used for the systematic treatment of advanced HCC. Besides strategies described above are recommended as first-line therapies due to their significant increase in mean overall survival, there are also potential drugs in clinical trials or under preclinical development. In addition, a number of potential preclinical surgical or adjuvant therapies are being studied, such as oncolytic virus, mesenchymal stem cells, biological clock, gut microbiome composition and peptide vaccine, all of which have shown different degrees of inhibition on HCC. With some potential anti-HCC drugs being reported, many promising therapeutic targets in related taxonomic signaling pathways including cell cycle, epigenetics, tyrosine kinase and so on that affect the progression of HCC have also been found. Together, the rational application of existing therapies and drugs as well as the new strategies will bring a bright future for the global cure of HCC in the coming decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Hao Xie
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Mingming Hu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Tianyi Huang
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanan Hu
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Na Sang
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
- Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610041, China
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Forouzanfar M, Lachinani L, Dormiani K, Nasr-Esfahani MH, Gure AO, Ghaedi K. Intracellular functions of RNA-binding protein, Musashi1, in stem and cancer cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:193. [PMID: 32448364 PMCID: PMC7245930 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01703-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA-binding protein, musashi1 (MSI1), is a main protein in asymmetric cell division of the sensory organ precursor cells, whereas its expression is reported to be upregulated in cancers. This protein is a critical element in proliferation of stem and cancer stem cells, which acts through Wnt and Notch signaling pathways. Moreover, MSI1 modulates malignancy and chemoresistance of lung cancer cells via activating the Akt signaling. Due to the main role of MSI1 in metastasis and cancer development, MSI1 would be an appropriate candidate for cancer therapy. Downregulation of MSI1 inhibits proliferation of cancer stem cells and reduces the growth of solid tumors in several cancers. On the other hand, MSI1 expression is regulated by microRNAs in such a way that several different tumor suppressor miRNAs negatively regulate oncogenic MSI1 and inhibit migration and tumor metastasis. The aim of this review is summarizing the role of MSI1 in stem cell proliferation and cancer promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Forouzanfar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave., Azadi Square, Isfahan, P.O. Code 81746, Iran
| | - Liana Lachinani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, P.O. Code 816513-1378, Iran
| | - Kianoush Dormiani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, P.O. Code 816513-1378, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, P.O. Code 816513-1378, Iran. .,Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Ali Osmay Gure
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar Jerib Ave., Azadi Square, Isfahan, P.O. Code 81746, Iran. .,Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.
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