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Abdelmaksoud-Dammak R, Ammous-Boukhris N, BenAyed-Guerfali D, Gdoura Y, Boujelben I, Guidara S, Charfi S, Boudabbous W, Ammar S, Rhaiem W, Boudawara MZ, Kamoun H, Sallemi-Boudawara T, Mhiri R, Mokdad-Gargouri R. Strategies for diagnosis and management of CMMRD in low-resource countries: report of a Tunisian family. Fam Cancer 2024:10.1007/s10689-024-00386-z. [PMID: 38687438 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-024-00386-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome, caused by biallelic pathogenic germline variants in the mismatch repair genes. Diagnosis and management of this syndrome is challenging, especially in low-resource settings. This study describes a patient diagnosed with colorectal cancer and grade 3 astrocytoma at the age of 11 and 12 respectively. Immunohistochemistry analysis showed a loss of MSH2 and MSH6 protein expression in CRC tissues of the patient. We identified by Targeted Exome Sequencing a homozygous pathogenic germline variant in exon 9 of the MSH6 gene (c.3991 C > T; p.Ala1268Glyfs*6). Genetic investigation of the family showed that the father was heterozygous for the identified pathogenic variant while the brother was wild type for this variant. Our study highlights the importance of a correct and timely diagnosis of CMMRD which can have implications for treatment. It also underlines the imperative need to enhance awareness, diagnostic standards, and surveillance that are crucial for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Abdelmaksoud-Dammak
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax BPK 1177, Sfax, 3018, Tunisia
| | - Nihel Ammous-Boukhris
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax BPK 1177, Sfax, 3018, Tunisia
| | - Dorra BenAyed-Guerfali
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax BPK 1177, Sfax, 3018, Tunisia
| | - Yassine Gdoura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Imen Boujelben
- Department of Human Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Souhir Guidara
- Department of Human Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Slim Charfi
- Department of Anatomopathology, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Boudabbous
- Department of Neurosurgery, Habib Bourguiba Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Saloua Ammar
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Wiem Rhaiem
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Hassen Kamoun
- Department of Human Genetics, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | | | - Riadh Mhiri
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hedi Chaker Hospital, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Raja Mokdad-Gargouri
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Laboratory of Molecular Biotechnology of Eukaryotes, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, University of Sfax BPK 1177, Sfax, 3018, Tunisia.
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Samborska M, Galli D, Achkar R, Thambyrajah S, Derwich K. Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome as a Cause of Numerous Malignancies in a Teenage Patient-A Case Report. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2023; 45:e917-e920. [PMID: 37526375 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome is a genetic disorder resulting from a biallelic mutation in one of the following genes: MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2. Individuals with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency are highly predisposed to develop both hematological and solid cancers in childhood, particularly lymphoma, brain tumors, and gastrointestinal neoplasms. We report a case of a boy diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the age of 3. In 2013, at the age of 6, head magnetic resonance imaging revealed hamartoma and astrocytoma lesions in the central nervous system. Two years after treatment completion, a diagnosis of precursor T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, accompanied by the vena cava syndrome, was established and treated accordingly. During treatment, a genetic test using Sanger sequencing was performed-a biallelic mutation in the MSH6 gene was detected. The study revealed that the mutation 17-bp c.2277-2293del. was inherited from the patient's mother. The second mutation, 5-bp c.1135_1139delAGAGA, developed inpatient de novo. At the age of 14, the diagnosis of isolated bone marrow relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia B-cell type was established. Due to the almost exceeded total dose of anthracyclines, the patient's treatment included blinatumomab, and subsequently, he was qualified for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. The patient remains in complete remission for 11 months after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation under the care of the transplant center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Samborska
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciencces, Poznan, Poland
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Tanimura K, Yamasaki K, Matsubara K, Noguchi M, Kikuchi N, Nitani C, Okada K, Fujisaki H, Okuno T, Inoue T, Nebiki H, Akagi K, Tomita N, Hara J. Could the immune checkpoint inhibitor against colorectal cancer in constitutional mismatch repair deficiency syndrome prevent new cancer formation? Pediatr Blood Cancer 2022; 69:e29312. [PMID: 34453473 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.29312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Tanimura
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kai Yamasaki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kohei Matsubara
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mayuko Noguchi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsumi Kikuchi
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chika Nitani
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiko Okada
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujisaki
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Okuno
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nebiki
- Department of Gastroenterology, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Akagi
- Division of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naohiro Tomita
- Cancer Treatment Center, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junichi Hara
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
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A de novo pathogenic variant in the MSH6 gene in a 52 years-old woman. Fam Cancer 2021; 21:319-324. [PMID: 34519923 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-021-00274-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lynch syndrome (LS) is a condition which predisposes individuals primarily to early-onset colorectal and endometrial cancer. LS is characterized by a germline pathogenic variant in one of the MMR (MisMatch Repair) gene, inducing a phenotype of microsatellite instability in the tumor, which may be associated with a loss of expression of MMR proteins detected by standard immunohistochemistry on tumor tissue. Most of the time, LS is inherited from a parent in whom the condition may not be known due to incomplete penetrance, but de novo pathogenic variant is a rare occurrence. Here, we describe the case of a 52-year-old woman with no family history of LS, referred to the genetics department for colorectal cancer at the age of 50. Genetic analysis revealed a de novo germline pathogenic variant in the MSH6 gene. To date, this case is only the second report of a de novo pathogenic variant in the MSH6 gene in Lynch syndrome. De novo mutations have been extensively studied over the past years, but little is known about their origin and mechanism of occurrence in MMR genes. However, knowledge of mutation status allows better cancer risk management for the patient and an appropriate genetic testing and counseling for her family.
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