1
|
Kegelmeyer D, Minarsch RS, Marita K, Hoffmeister A, Schnaterbeck G, Wohl TR, Gokun Y, Kloos A. Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs (STEPS): Assessing Stair Function in Older Adults. J Geriatr Phys Ther 2024:00139143-990000000-00049. [PMID: 38744442 DOI: 10.1519/jpt.0000000000000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Stair negotiation is crucial for functional independence and is a leading cause of fall-related injuries in older adults. The Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs (STEPS) is a quick and easily administered outcome measure for assessing stair negotiation. This study investigated the reliability and concurrent content validity of the STEPS test to determine its usefulness in older adults. METHODS Eighty-two community-dwelling older adults (mean age 81.2 years, 51 females) were assessed on the STEPS test, Timed Up and Go (TUG), 5-times sit to stand (5XSTS), stair self-efficacy (SSE) questionnaire, and time to ascend and descend stairs. Participants repeated the STEPS test 7 to 14 days later for intrarater reliability by the same rater. Spearman rank and intraclass correlations were used to determine the association of measures and intrarater reliability. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The mean STEPS score was 15.6 (SD = 3.7) out of 20. The STEPS total score demonstrated excellent intra- and interrater reliability. It had moderate to good and significant correlations with TUG, 5XSTS, SSE, and time to ascend and descend measures. Faster performance on the 5XSTS, TUG, and time to ascend and descend correlated with better performance on the STEPS test, indicating validity for assessing balance and mobility during stair negotiation in older adults. Lower SSE correlated with lower observer ratings of performance on stairs (STEPS scores), indicating agreement between participant reports of self-efficacy and observer ratings of performance. Step Test Evaluation of Performance on Stairs items that demonstrated the most frequent loss of points were balance (use of handrail), step continuity, foot placement, and self-propulsion (ascent only). CONCLUSIONS Assessment of older adults' safety and performance on stairs is vital given the increased difficulty of stair navigation and the high risk for injurious falls in this population. This study demonstrates that the STEPS test is a reliable and valid outcome measure for assessing stair performance in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deb Kegelmeyer
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Raquel S Minarsch
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physical Therapy Division, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Katherine Marita
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Audrey Hoffmeister
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Timothy R Wohl
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Yevgeniya Gokun
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anne Kloos
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Deng R, Li B, Qin M, Yu X, Sun J, Jiao F, Huang Y. The characteristics and risk factors of fatal falls among adults aged 60 and above in Southwest China. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7020. [PMID: 38528015 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54265-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Falls constitute a leading cause of unintentional injury deaths among older adults. This study aimed to examine the comprehensive characteristics of fatal falls among older individuals in Yunnan Province, China, to highlight the challenges faced in elderly care. A total of 22,798 accidental fall-related deaths were extracted from China's National Disease Surveillance Points System aged 60 and above between 2015 and 2019. Quantitative and textual data were analyzed to assess the incidence rates of initiating factors, locations, symptoms, and overall survival (OS) outcomes after falling. Hypertension emerged as the most significant intrinsic factor, especially among individuals aged between 70 and 79, female older adults, and urban residents (P < 0.001). Home was identified as the most common location where fatal falls occurred (61.19%). The head was the most commonly injured body region (58.75%). The median of OS for all fatal falls was 2 days (0.13, 30), of which deaths occurred within 24 h [9287 (49.36%)]. There were instances where timely discovery after falling did not occur in 625 cases; their median of OS was significantly shorter compared to those discovered promptly after falling (P < 0.001). Targeted interventions focusing on fall prevention and post-fall care are equally crucial for the well-being of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Deng
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Benyan Li
- Department of Health Insurance, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650106, China
| | - Mingfang Qin
- Yunnan Institute of Endemic Diseases Control & Prevention, Dali, 671000, China
| | - Xinyi Yu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Junli Sun
- Department of Acute Infectious Diseases and Immunization Program, Mengzi Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Mengzi, 661100, China
| | - Feng Jiao
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Yuan Huang
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Başıbüyük GÖ, Güler ZÖ, Kılıç B, Yaylagül NK, Ay F, Bekdaş O, Özgür Ö, Gültekin T. Designing ergonomic toilets and bathrooms for older adults: A study on anthropometric dimensions and recommendations. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 55:263-269. [PMID: 38091712 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2023.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
AIMS This study aimed to evaluate the ergonomic design of toilets and bathroom equipment for older adults using anthropometric measurements. DESIGN This was a descriptive cross-sectional study. METHODS Data were collected from 2,721 people aged ≥ 65 years in Turkey. Fourteen anthropometric measurements were evaluated. Body dimension characteristics were described using minimum, maximum, and arithmetic means and standard deviations and the 5th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 95th percentiles. RESULTS The measurements showed that companies generally do not design bathroom toilet equipment that is suitable for older adults. CONCLUSION This study provides advice to designers and manufacturers on how to adapt their products to the bathroom according to users' body characteristics in order to increase person-environment fit for older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zümre Özdemir Güler
- Department of Economics, Söke Faculty of Management, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Türkiye
| | - Barış Kılıç
- Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye.
| | | | - Faruk Ay
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Literature, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Ozan Bekdaş
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Literature, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Türkiye
| | - Özlem Özgür
- Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Timur Gültekin
- Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Language, History and Geography, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mohr S, Müller C, Hildebrand F, Laubach M. [Fall prevention in old people through occupational therapy home assessment, consultation and modification: a process outline]. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 56:408-414. [PMID: 36070010 PMCID: PMC10406676 DOI: 10.1007/s00391-022-02103-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Falls occur frequently in old people and are associated with relevant short-term and long-term trauma sequelae. Particularly in the light of demographic change, preventive measures such as falls prevention are increasingly gaining in importance. Occupational therapy home assessments enable the evaluation of external and behavioral risk factors for falls in the context of environmental prevention. Environmental prevention is an effective measure in preventing morbidity and mortality related to falls in old people and the increase in healthcare costs associated with falls. Occupational therapy home assessments effectively reduce fall risk and fall rate among older people at risk of falling and can be implemented in the context of existing regulatory frameworks. The aim of this overview is to illustrate the optimal process of home assessment and adaptation for patients at risk of falling by general practitioners, orthopedic surgeons and occupational therapists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mohr
- Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, Niederlande
- Ergo Unterwegs GbR, Bruchsal, Deutschland
| | - Christian Müller
- SHG-Bildung, Fachschule für Ergotherapie, Saarbrücken, Deutschland
| | - Frank Hildebrand
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland
| | - Markus Laubach
- Klinik für Orthopädie, Unfall- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Neuman RM, Fey NP. There are unique kinematics during locomotor transitions between level ground and stair ambulation that persist with increasing stair grade. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8576. [PMID: 37237006 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34857-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Human ambulation is typically characterized during steady-state isolated tasks (e.g., walking, running, stair ambulation). However, general human locomotion comprises continuous adaptation to the varied terrains encountered during activities of daily life. To fill an important gap in knowledge that may lead to improved therapeutic and device interventions for mobility-impaired individuals, it is vital to identify how the mechanics of individuals change as they transition between different ambulatory tasks, and as they encounter terrains of differing severity. In this work, we study lower-limb joint kinematics during the transitions between level walking and stair ascent and descent over a range of stair inclination angles. Using statistical parametric mapping, we identify where and when the kinematics of transitions are unique from the adjacent steady-state tasks. Results show unique transition kinematics primarily in the swing phase, which are sensitive to stair inclination. We also train Gaussian process regression models for each joint to predict joint angles given the gait phase, stair inclination, and ambulation context (transition type, ascent/descent), demonstrating a mathematical modeling approach that successfully incorporates terrain transitions and severity. The results of this work further our understanding of transitory human biomechanics and motivate the incorporation of transition-specific control models into mobility-assistive technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross M Neuman
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keeton St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
| | - Nicholas P Fey
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, 204 E Dean Keeton St, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Galof K. Ageing in place - exploring the safety of the environment of Slovenian older adults. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121221150959. [PMID: 36741937 PMCID: PMC9893396 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221150959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The importance of subjective and objective living environment was investigated. Methods A new questionnaire was developed, validated and distributed to community-dwelling adults in various Slovenian counties. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and t-tests in SPSS Statistics 24. Older adults (N = 358), 33% men and 67% women, mean age 74.3 years, participated in the cross-sectional study. Results Statistically significant differences (at 5% significance level) in subjective opinions of older adults regarding views on appropriate design of the living environment between the group with and without risk factors exist only for the statement that a thermostat to regulate room temperature should be placed in a visible and accessible location (p = 0.014). Conclusion The living environment has some risk factors, but they are not statistically significant between groups. The results may prompt occupational therapists to develop innovative strategies to facilitate occupational participation of users, increase participation in preventive services and obtain policy support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarina Galof
- Katarina Galof, Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Melchiorre MG, D’Amen B, Quattrini S, Lamura G, Socci M. Health Emergencies, Falls, and Use of Communication Technologies by Older People with Functional and Social Frailty: Ageing in Place in Deprived Areas of Italy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14775. [PMID: 36429499 PMCID: PMC9691100 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192214775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Frail older people ageing alone in place need help to perform daily living activities, especially when functional limitations are increasing and formal/informal supports are lacking. This context represents a risk of experiencing health emergencies, in particular falls. It is thus important to understand how seniors manage these potential difficulties and who helps them. The present study aimed to explore these dimensions in Italy, where 120 qualitative interviews were carried out in 2019 within the "Inclusive ageing in place" (IN-AGE) research project, involving frail older people living alone at home. A content analysis was conducted. Results showed that seniors need to manage health emergencies regarding heart and breathing problems but mainly episodes of falls are reported, with consequent fractures and fear of falling again. In several cases, the use of a mobile phone was crucial in order to seek for help, and the first to intervene were children, in addition to some neighbors. Some seniors also referred their ability to call independently the General Practitioner (GP) or the emergency room, in order to not disturb family members. These findings highlight new useful insights for policy makers, regarding health emergencies prevention and management measures to put in place, especially concerning falls, and the support provided by communication technologies.
Collapse
|
8
|
Frechette ML, Abou L, Rice LA, Sosnoff JJ. Relationship Between Lower Limb Function and Fall Prevalence in Ambulatory Adults With Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review. Top Spinal Cord Inj Rehabil 2022; 28:153-175. [PMID: 35521058 PMCID: PMC9009199 DOI: 10.46292/sci21-00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Falls are common, detrimental events among ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Following SCI, changes to lower limb function are probable and likely to impact an individual's fall risk, yet no comprehensive review has been completed on the topic. Objectives This study systematically reviewed data on the relationship between lower limb function and fall prevalence in ambulatory individuals with SCI. Methods A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CINAHL. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts/titles and then full articles. Study details, participants' characteristics, lower limb function assessed, and fall-related data were extracted from the studies. A qualitative analysis of the relationship between lower limb function and fall prevalence was performed. The risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale. Results The search yielded 1553 articles. Eight prospective, two retrospective, and three cross-sectional studies met the eligibility criteria. These studies ranged from low to high risk of bias. Overall, the qualitative analysis provided little evidence to support the relationship between lower limb function recorded by clinical measures and fall prevalence. Conclusion This review highlights the inconsistent relationship between lower limb function and falls prevalence in ambulatory adults with SCI. Greater uniformity in methodology and consistent categorization of fallers and nonfallers among researchers is necessary to move the field forward. Investigating additional factors such as behavior traits, assistive device use, and environmental risk factors may be appropriate in understanding fall prevalence in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mikaela L. Frechette
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Libak Abou
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Laura A. Rice
- Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Center on Health, Aging, and Disability, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Jacob J. Sosnoff
- Department of Physical Therapy, Rehabilitation Science and Athletic Training, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ariyawansa RG, Perera MANR, Priyanka HES. Suitable Home Environment for Elderly People in Colombo, Sri Lanka. JOURNAL OF AGING AND ENVIRONMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2021.2001708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. G. Ariyawansa
- Department of Estate Management and Valuation, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Aldailami D, Banta JE, McCleary KJ, Mataya R, Ramadan MM, Chinnock R, Suprono MS. Predictors of fall-related injuries due to common consumer products among elderly adult emergency department visits in the United States during 2007-2017. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2021; 29:186-192. [PMID: 34823446 DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2021.1975769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Falls are the leading cause of injuries and death among the elderly in the United States (U.S.). This study examined unintentional fall related-injuries and potential associations between various consumer products. Data was analyzed from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) of hospital emergency department (ED) visits for unintentional injuries among the elderly between 2007 and 2017. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between consumer products and fall-related injury ED visits. A total of 537,703 injury-related ED visits were analyzed. Two-thirds of visits were fall-related. Of those, 33% were among those 85 years and older, 62.5% occurred at home, 37.6% had head trauma, and 28.7% resulted in hospitalization. Flooring materials accounted for 29.1% of injuries. Ladders were significantly associated with fall-related injuries (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 5.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.72-6.36), followed by flooring materials (AOR 3.09, 95% CI 2.60-3.67), and porches and balconies (AOR 2.61, 95% CI 2.30-2.96). Several common consumer products are associated with fall-related injuries among the elderly. Increased awareness and education are critical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danyah Aldailami
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jim E Banta
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Karl J McCleary
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ronald Mataya
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Majed M Ramadan
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Richard Chinnock
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Montry S Suprono
- School of Public Health, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA.,School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Komisar V, Robinovitch SN. The Role of Fall Biomechanics in the Cause and Prevention of Bone Fractures in Older Adults. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2021; 19:381-390. [PMID: 34105101 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-021-00685-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adults over age 65 experience the highest rates of bone fracture, and 90% of fractures in older adults are caused by falls from standing height or lower. Advances in fracture prevention rely on our ability to prevent falls, reduce the severity of falls, and enhance the resistance of bone to trauma. To help guide these efforts, we need improved understanding on the types of falls that cause fractures. RECENT FINDINGS In this review, we describe recent evidence on how the mechanics of falls in older adults influence the risk for fractures to the hip, wrist, vertebrae, and humerus. We discuss how fracture risk depends on fall height, fall direction, and landing configuration. We also review the benefits of exercise, wearable protective gear, and environmental modifications in preventing fractures in older adults. Our findings highlight promising new directions in fracture prevention, and the need for collaboration between the bone and falls research communities to implement proven strategies and generate new solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vicki Komisar
- School of Engineering, The University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| | - Stephen Neil Robinovitch
- Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
- School of Engineering Science, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jiang Y, Xia Q, Zhou P, Jiang S, Diwan VK, Xu B. Environmental hazards increase the fall risk among residents of long-term care facilities: a prospective study in Shanghai, China. Age Ageing 2021; 50:875-881. [PMID: 33150929 DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afaa218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls are one of the most common safety concerns in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the associations between the environmental hazards and the fall risk in LTCF residents. DESIGN Prospective study with 12-month follow-up. SETTING Twenty-five LTCFs in a central district of Shanghai. SUBJECTS A total of 739 older people participated and 605 were followed up for 1 year. METHODS Environmental hazards were measured using a 75-item Environment Assessment Checklist, and the associations between environmental hazards and falls were analysed using univariate and multilevel logistic regressions. RESULTS The incidence of falls was 0.291 per person with 11 items/LTCF of hazards on average. The most common hazard items were inadequate/inappropriate handrails (96% LTCFs; odds ratio (OR) for falls: 1.88 [95% confidence interval: 1.13-3.13]), unsafe floors (92% LTCFs; 2.50 [1.11-5.61]) and poor lighting (84% LTCFs; 2.01 [1.10-3.66]). Environmental hazards were most frequently distributed in bedrooms (96% LTCFs), shared toilets/showers (80% LTCFs) and individual toilets/showers (68%LTCFs) and accounted for 20% of the differences in falls occurrence among the LTCFs. After adjusting for individual intrinsic and fall-related behavioural factors, it is found that having more than eight environmental hazard items increased the fall risk among older residents (adjusted OR = 4.01 [1.37-11.73]). Environmental hazards and toilet visits at night showed significant associations with falls (adjusted OR = 5.97 [1.10-32.29]). CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of environmental hazards associated with falls highlights the urgency of improving environmental safety in LTCFs and the need of environmental safety policies, resource allocation and interventions in falls prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Qinghua Xia
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Jiang
- Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Changning District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China
| | - Vinod K Diwan
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Smart homes for the older population: particularly important during the COVID-19 outbreak. Reumatologia 2021; 59:41-46. [PMID: 33707795 PMCID: PMC7944953 DOI: 10.5114/reum.2021.103939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis, one of the leading causes of disability in older adults, significantly reduces the quality of life and leads to loss of independence. Dynamic development of “smart” solutions based on artificial intelligence more and more commonly applied in older people’s houses may be an answer to the above issues. The aim of this study is to present selected “smart home” solutions for the diagnosis and prevention of falls in the older population through a literature review. The conducted meta-analysis based on a review of the scientific literature available in English and Polish in the Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and GBL databases was undertaken from 01.01.2015 to 01.10.2020 with the string search method using key words. According to the authors of this study, the development of new technology based on artificial intelligence allows older people to live independently, which contributes to a higher level of life satisfaction and quality.
Collapse
|
14
|
Ahmad Ainuddin H, Romli MH, Hamid TA, Salim MSF, Mackenzie L. Stroke Rehabilitation for Falls and Risk of Falls in Southeast Asia: A Scoping Review With Stakeholders' Consultation. Front Public Health 2021; 9:611793. [PMID: 33748063 PMCID: PMC7965966 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.611793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Research on rehabilitation for falls after stroke is warranted. However, published evidence on fall interventions with stroke survivors is limited and these are mainly international studies that may be less relevant for Southeast Asia. Objective: This review aims to systematically identify literature related to stroke rehabilitation for falls and risk of falls in Southeast Asia. Methods: A scoping review with stakeholders' consultation was implemented. An electronic search was conducted up to December 2020 on 4 databases (Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, ASEAN Citation Index). Only original studies conducted in Southeast Asia were selected. Results: The initial search yielded 3,112 articles, however, only 26 were selected in the final analysis. Most of the articles focused on physical rehabilitation and implemented conventional therapies. While the literature may reflect practice in Southeast Asia, stakeholders perceived that the literature was inadequate to show true practice, was not informative and missed several aspects such as functional, cognitive, and psychological interventions in managing falls. Individual-centric interventions dominated the review while community-based and environmental-focused studies were limited. Majority of the articles were written by physiotherapists while others were from physicians, occupational therapists, and an engineer but few from other healthcare practitioners (i.e., speech therapists, psychologists) or disciplines interested in falls. Conclusions: Falls prevention among stroke survivors has received a lack of attention and is perceived as an indirect goal in stroke rehabilitation in Southeast Asia. More innovative research adopted from falls research with older people is needed to advance falls prevention and intervention practice with stroke survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Husna Ahmad Ainuddin
- Center of Occupational Therapy Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Hibatullah Romli
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Tengku Aizan Hamid
- Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Mazatulfazura S. F. Salim
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Lynette Mackenzie
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Joshi R, Joseph A, Mihandoust S, Hoskins L, O'Hara S, Dye CJ, Chalil Madathil K. Understanding key home and community environment challenges encountered by older adults undergoing total knee or hip arthroplasty. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 61:1071-1084. [PMID: 33605410 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnab025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Older adults undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) experience significant challenges while navigating their homes post-surgery and are at higher risk for falls and injuries. This study explored specific home and community physical environment challenges faced by community-dwelling older adults while performing daily activities and actions taken to modify their homes before surgery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using a qualitative descriptive methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 older adult-care partner dyads pre- and post-surgery to identify key built environment barriers and facilitators in addition to home modifications made pre-and post-surgery. RESULTS Challenges anticipated by participants to perform daily activities pre-surgery varied from those experienced post-surgery. Lack of support along stairs or in bathrooms, flooring material, and transitions were significant concerns raised by participants pre-surgery. Size and layout of home and ergonomics of resting furniture were recognized as issues post-surgery. Modifications ranged from easy fixes like rearranging furniture, removing clutter, installing grab bars to high-cost structural changes like remodeling critical spaces like bathrooms. Although participants agreed on the importance of conducting proactive home assessments and modifications before surgery, perceived costs, and lack of knowledge or services limit older adults from implementing some changes. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS Home modifications must be considered proactively before an event such as a THA or TKA. These should be done within the context of the specific needs, abilities, financial capabilities, and social and physical home environments of the individual and the residential caregivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutali Joshi
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Anjali Joseph
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Sahar Mihandoust
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Lisa Hoskins
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Susan O'Hara
- School of Nursing, Architecture; College of Behavioral, Social and Health Sciences, CUSHR, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Cheryl J Dye
- CU Institute for Engaged Aging, Department of Public Health Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Kapil Chalil Madathil
- Departments of Industrial and Civil Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ziebart C, Bobos P, Furtado R, MacDermid JC, Bryant D, Szekeres M, Suh N. The Efficacy of Fall Hazards Identification on Fall Outcomes: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis. Arch Rehabil Res Clin Transl 2021; 2:100065. [PMID: 33543091 PMCID: PMC7853376 DOI: 10.1016/j.arrct.2020.100065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the efficacy of fall hazards identification programs when compared to no intervention or other fall prevention programs on number of falls, falls incidence, and identifying fall hazards in community-dwelling adults. Data Sources CINAHL, PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and PsychINFO were used to identify articles. Study Selection Studies were selected to compare fall hazards identification programs to a control group. Studies were eligible if they were randomized controlled trials and enrolled adults older than 50 years with the incidence rate of falls as an outcome. Data Extraction Study or authors, year, sample characteristics, intervention or comparison groups, number of falls, and number of hazards identified in the intervention and control groups, and follow-up were extracted. The risk of bias assessment was performed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Quality was evaluated with Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach per outcome. Data Synthesis A total of 8 studies (N=8) and 5177 participants were included. There was a high risk of bias across the studies mostly due to improper blinding of personnel of the outcome assessor. Pooled estimate effects from 5 studies assessing the incidence rate of falls from 3019 individuals indicated no difference between fall hazards identification programs and control (incidence rate ratio=0.98; 95% confidence interval, 0.87-1.10). Conclusions The current study suggests that there may be a benefit for fall hazards programs in reducing incident falls. However, because of a moderate GRADE rating, more large-scale studies with a higher number of falls events and more consistent control groups are required to determine the true effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ziebart
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Pavlos Bobos
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Care Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Rochelle Furtado
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joy C MacDermid
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada.,Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Dianne Bryant
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mike Szekeres
- Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nina Suh
- Roth McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph's Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Stacey D, Ludwig C, Archambault P, Babulic K, Edwards N, Lavoie J, Sinha S, O’Connor AM. Feasibility of Rapidly Developing and Widely Disseminating Patient Decision Aids to Respond to Urgent Decisional Needs due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Med Decis Making 2021; 41:233-239. [PMID: 33300438 PMCID: PMC7879222 DOI: 10.1177/0272989x20979693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To meet urgent decisional needs of retirement/nursing home residents and their families, our interdisciplinary stakeholder team rapidly developed and disseminated patient decision aids (PtDAs) regarding leaving one's residence during the COVID-19 pandemic. The development steps were as follows: identify urgent decisional needs, develop PtDAs using the Ottawa Decision Support Framework template and minimal International PtDA Standards, obtain stakeholder feedback, broadly disseminate, and incorporate user feedback. Within 2 wk, we developed 2 PtDAs for retirement and nursing home living environments that were informed by decisional needs (identified from public responses to related media reports), current pandemic regulations/guidance, and recent systematic reviews. Within 3 wk of their dissemination (websites, international PtDA inventory, Twitter, Facebook, media interviews), the PtDAs were downloaded 10,000 times, and user feedback was positive. Our expert team showed feasible rapid development and wide dissemination of PtDAs to respond to urgent decisional needs. Development efficiencies included access to a well-tested theory-based PtDA template, recent evidence syntheses, and values-based public responses to media reports. Future research includes methods for rapidly collecting user feedback, facilitating implementation, and measuring use and outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Stacey
- University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Claire Ludwig
- />University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- />Champlain LHIN, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Archambault
- Centre de recherche du Centre intégré de santé et de services de santé de Chaudiére-Appalaches and Université Laval
| | | | | | - Josée Lavoie
- Royal Ottawa Mental Health Centre, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Romli MH, Mackenzie L, Lovarini M, Clemson L, Tan MP. Home Hazards With Fear of Falling: Findings From the Baseline Study of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR). Front Public Health 2021; 8:612599. [PMID: 33511098 PMCID: PMC7835712 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.612599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Fear of falling (FoF) is a common issue among older people, impacting on psychological health, functional performance and mortality. Many factors associated with fear of falling have been investigated but little is known about the role of home hazards. Home hazards can be due to unsafe environmental and functional features. This study is aims to evaluate the association between home hazards with fear of falling among community-dwelling individuals aged 55 years and over. Methods: Baseline data with 1,489 older individuals from the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research (MELoR) study were analyzed. Home visits for interview and observations in the home were conducted with the participants. FoF was established with a single-item question and home hazards with the Home Falls and Accidents Screening Tool (HOME FAST). Results: The majority (76.4%) of older participants experienced FoF. The history of falls was not associated with FoF (p = 0.868), but FoF was associated with participants limiting their daily activities (p < 0.001). Home hazards were less likely (p = 0.023) and functional issues were more likely (p < 0.001) to be associated with a high degree of FoF. However, both home hazards domains were not associated with activity restriction due to FoF. Conclusions: Education about home hazards from the perspective of person-environment interaction may encourage home hazards management and reduce FoF which should be evaluated in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hibatullah Romli
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Malaysian Research Institute on Ageing (MyAgeingTM), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Lynette Mackenzie
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Meryl Lovarini
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lindy Clemson
- Discipline of Occupational Therapy, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Maw Pin Tan
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.,Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Healthcare and Medical Sciences, Sunway University, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ziebart C, MacDermid J, Bobos P, Furtado R, MacDermid-Watts S, Bryant D, Szekeres M, Suh N. Fall Hazard Identification: A Scoping Review. PHYSICAL & OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN GERIATRICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/02703181.2020.1806424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Ziebart
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joy MacDermid
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Pavlos Bobos
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Rochelle Furtado
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Sara MacDermid-Watts
- Roth
- McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph’s Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Dianne Bryant
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Collaborative Program in Musculoskeletal Health Research, Bone and Joint Institute, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Mike Szekeres
- Roth
- McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph’s Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - Nina Suh
- Roth
- McFarlane Hand and Upper Limb Centre, St. Joseph’s Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mihandoust S, Joshi R, Joseph A, Madathil KC, Dye CJ, Machry H, Wilson J. Identifying Key Components of Paper-Based and Technology-Based Home Assessment Tools Using a Narrative Literature Review. JOURNAL OF AGING AND ENVIRONMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1856754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Mihandoust
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Rutali Joshi
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Anjali Joseph
- Center for Health Facility Design and Testing, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Kapil Chalil Madathil
- Departments of Industrial and Civil Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Cheryl J. Dye
- Department of Public Health Sciences, CU Institute for Engaged Aging, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, USA
| | - Herminia Machry
- Georgia Institute of Technology, SimTigrate Design Lab, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Julia Wilson
- Department of Industrial Design, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bustamante-Troncoso C, Herrera-López LM, Sánchez H, Pérez JC, Márquez-Doren F, Leiva S. [Effect of a multidimensional intervention for prevention of falls in the eldery]. Aten Primaria 2020; 52:722-730. [PMID: 31740074 PMCID: PMC8054286 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of a multidimensional intervention on the perception and management of risk factors and frequency of falls in independent elderly people living in the community. DESIGN Randomised clinical trial. SETTING Family health centre, primary care. PARTICIPANTS Independent elderly people living in the community. INTERVENTION For intervention group (IG) a multidimensional intervention, consisting of home visits and telephone follow-up was carried out for 5 months (n=77), and those assigned to the control group (CG, n=77) received usual care in the family health centre. MAIN MEASUREMENTS Perception of risk of falls, number of risk factors and number of falls in the study period. RESULTS In both groups there were increases in the perception of risk factors for falling associated with walking (IG: P<.001 and CG: P<.001). Belonging to the IG was significantly associated with a decrease in the risk factors associated with surfaces (r=0.25) and shoes (r=0.24), as well as an increase in the perception of risk of falls associated with walking (r=0.21) and the presence of objects or furniture (r=0.36). In the IG, 5 participants (7.9%) suffered at least one fall in the 5-month period and 18 (27.7%) patients in the CG (P=.004). CONCLUSIONS The multidimensional intervention was effective in reducing the frequency of falls and in the management of extrinsic risk factors associated with surfaces, lighting, and support devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hugo Sánchez
- Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Sur, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - J Carola Pérez
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | | | - Sara Leiva
- Centro de Salud Familiar Félix de Amesti, Departamento de Salud Municipalidad de Macul, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Yokoi K, Miyai N, Utsumi M, Hattori S, Kurasawa S, Hayakawa H, Uematsu Y, Arita M. Relationship between Fall History and Self-Perceived Motor Fitness in Community-Dwelling People: A Cross-Sectional Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9113649. [PMID: 33202806 PMCID: PMC7697988 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9113649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
History of falling is an important fall risk factor. If a relationship between fall history and self-perceived motor fitness could be established, then treating it as a correctable risk of re-fall due to falls may be possible. We conducted a cross-sectional study of the relationship between fall history and self-perceived motor fitness in daily life among 670 community-dwelling people (mean age 62.0 ± 9.6 years, 277 men and 393 women) who had participated in health examinations. They completed a self-administered questionnaire that asked about their history of single or multiple falls and included a 14-item motor fitness scale. The responses were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed that in both younger and older (<65 years) subjects, a history of single or multiple falls was associated with a negative response to "being able to put on socks, pants or a skirt while standing without support". For subjects ≥65 years, an association was also observed with "shortness of breath when climbing stairs". Self-perceived motor fitness related to fall history can easily be noticed by an individual and may help them become aware of fall-related factors earlier in everyday life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsushi Yokoi
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 583-8555, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-729-50-2111
| | - Nobuyuki Miyai
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Miyoko Utsumi
- Wakayama Faculty Nursing, Tokyo Healthcare University, Wakayama 640-8269, Japan;
| | - Sonomi Hattori
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Shigeki Kurasawa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences, Kashiwara 582-0026, Japan;
| | - Hiroko Hayakawa
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Yuji Uematsu
- School of Health and Nursing Science, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama 641-0011, Japan; (N.M.); (S.H.); (H.H.); (Y.U.)
| | - Mikio Arita
- Sumiya Rehabilitation Hospital, Wakayama 640-8344, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Corradi G, Garcia-Garzon E, Barrada JR. The Development of a Public Bathroom Perception Scale. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217817. [PMID: 33114539 PMCID: PMC7662958 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Public bathrooms are sensible locations in which individuals confront an intimate environment outside the comfort of their own home. The assessment of public bathrooms is especially problematic for people whose illnesses make them more prone to needing this service. Unfortunately, there is a lack in the evaluation of the elements that are relevant to the user’s perspective. For that reason, we propose a new scale to assess these elements of evaluation of public bathrooms. We developed a scale of 14 items and three domains: privacy, ease of use and cleanliness. We tested the factor validity of this three-factor solution (n = 654) on a sample of healthy individuals and 155 respondents with a bowel illness or other affection that reported to be bathroom-dependent. We found that bathroom-dependent people value more privacy and cleanliness more than their healthy counterparts. We additionally found a gender effect on the scale: female participants scored higher in every domain. This study provides the first scale to assess value concerning public bathrooms and to highlight the relevance of different bathrooms’ aspects to users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guido Corradi
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad Salud, Universidad Camilo José Cela, 28692 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
| | - Eduardo Garcia-Garzon
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad Salud, Universidad Camilo José Cela, 28692 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Juan Ramón Barrada
- Departamento de Psicología y Sociología, Universidad de Zaragoza, 44003 Teruel, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Akande-Sholabi W, Ogundipe FS, Adebusoye LA. Medications and the risk of falls among older people in a geriatric centre in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. Int J Clin Pharm 2020; 43:236-245. [PMID: 32910373 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01140-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background Falls are a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization in older people. Many drugs have been shown to increase the risk of falls in this population. Few empirical data exist on the use of fall-risk-increasing drugs among older people of sub-Saharan Africa countries. Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of falls, and the association between FRIDs, drugs causing orthostatic hypotension and falls. Setting Geriatric center, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods A cross-sectional study of 400 older patients aged ≥ 60 years selected consecutively at the geriatric centre, between September and November 2019, were interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic information, medication utilization, and history of falls were obtained. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out using SPSS 23. Alpha was set at 0.05. Main outcome measure Prevalence and predictors of falls among ambulatory older patients. Results The mean age of the older patients was 72.4 ± 7.3 years and 255 (63.7%) were females. The total number of FRIDs and ODs used by older patients was 578 (35.2%). The prevalence of fall was 181 (45.3%) which was significantly higher among the females compared with the males (51.8% vs 33.8%) p = 0.01. Classes of medications such as anti-Parkinson's (p = 0.027), sedatives (p = 0.033), antipsychotics (p = 0.011) and anticholinergic (p = 0.027) were significantly associated with fall. Predictive factors for falls on logistic regression were female [OR = 2.375; 95% CI 0.274-3.704, p = 0.001] and use of antipsychotics [OR = 5.132; 95% CI 1.352-19.480, p = 0.016]. Conclusion The prevalence of falls was high and being a woman ≥ 60 years is a major risk factor for falling. Interventions to decrease falls in older patients by drug modification and deprescribing of FRIDs and ODs might reduce fall-related injuries. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach is essential for intervention to reduce the risk of falls and improve therapeutic outcomes among older patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wuraola Akande-Sholabi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Francis S Ogundipe
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Administration, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Lawrence A Adebusoye
- Chief Tony Anenih Geriatric Centre, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Stafford GE, Carter HC. Late-Life Accumulation, Proliferation, and Stagnation of Home Contents: An In-Depth Qualitative Study of Ten Aging in Place Dwellers. JOURNAL OF AGING AND ENVIRONMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26892618.2020.1815922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gloria E. Stafford
- School of Applied Human Sciences, University of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, Iowa, USA
| | - Heather Carlile Carter
- Department of Design, Housing and Merchandising, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Huang Y, Wu C, Peng H, Chen Q, Fan X, Xiao L, Song B, Wan L. The Correlation Between Fall Prevention Knowledge and Behavior in Stroke Outpatients. J Neurosci Nurs 2020; 52:61-65. [PMID: 32032275 DOI: 10.1097/jnn.0000000000000494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke outpatients have a high risk of falling. However, fall prevention measures in the community are insufficient to effectively reduce the fall rate among outpatients with stroke. We aimed to determine the correlation between fall prevention knowledge and behavior among outpatients with stroke and provide new strategies for community fall prevention. METHODS We recruited 124 patients with stroke who were followed up in the outpatient department of a tertiary hospital in Zhuhai, China. Patients were assessed using a general information questionnaire, a fall prevention knowledge questionnaire for patients with stroke, and the Stroke Fall Prevention Behavior Scale. IBM SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The median fall prevention knowledge was 82.76 (68.97, 93.10) points, out of 100. The mean (SD) score for fall prevention behavior was 2.90 (0.52; range, 1-4) points. Fall prevention knowledge scores were positively related to those fall prevention behavior (Spearman r = 0.454, P < .01). CONCLUSION Levels of fall prevention knowledge among outpatients with stroke were adequate, and this population had medium to high levels of fall prevention behavior. Better knowledge was accompanied with better prevention of falls. However, whether enriching the knowledge could lead to improvement of fall prevention is still undetermined.
Collapse
|
27
|
Rodrigues GD, Junior EDDA, Soares PPDS. Stay active, stay at home and stay safe: the risk of falls in older adults in the COVID-19 quarantine. GERIATRICS, GERONTOLOGY AND AGING 2020. [DOI: 10.5327/z2447-212320202000064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
28
|
Edwards N, Dulai J, Rahman A. A Scoping Review of Epidemiological, Ergonomic, and Longitudinal Cohort Studies Examining the Links between Stair and Bathroom Falls and the Built Environment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16091598. [PMID: 31067692 PMCID: PMC6540131 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Stair and bathroom falls contribute to injuries among older adults. This review examined which features of stairs and bathrooms have been assessed in epidemiological, ergonomic, and national aging studies on falls or their risk factors. Epidemiological and ergonomic studies were eligible if published from 2006-2017, written in English, included older persons, and reported built environment measures. The data extracted included the following: study population and design, outcome measures, and stair and bathroom features. National aging studies were eligible if English questionnaires were available, and if data were collected within the last 10 years. Sample characteristics; data collection methods; and data about falls, the environment, and assistive device use were extracted. There were 114 eligible articles assessed-38 epidemiologic and 76 ergonomic. Among epidemiological studies, 2 assessed stair falls only, 4 assessed bathroom falls only, and 32 assessed falls in both locations. Among ergonomic studies, 67 simulated stairs and 9 simulated bathrooms. Specific environmental features were described in 14 (36.8%) epidemiological studies and 73 (96%) ergonomic studies. Thirteen national aging studies were identified-four had stair data and six had bathroom data. Most epidemiologic and national aging studies did not include specific measures of stairs or bathrooms; the built environment descriptions in ergonomic studies were more detailed. More consistent and detailed environmental measures in epidemiologic and national aging studies would better inform fall prevention approaches targeting the built environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Edwards
- School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1S 5L5, Canada.
| | - Joshun Dulai
- School of Nursing, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1S 5L5, Canada.
| | - Alvi Rahman
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G4, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|