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Kwasnik M, Rola J, Rozek W. Tick-Borne Encephalitis-Review of the Current Status. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6603. [PMID: 37892741 PMCID: PMC10607749 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is the arboviral etiological agent of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), considered to be one of the most important tick-borne viral diseases in Europe and Asia. In recent years, an increase in the incidence of TBE as well as an increasing geographical range of the disease have been noted. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic and the imposition of restrictions that it necessitated, the incidence of TBE is rising in more than half of the European countries analyzed in recent studies. The virus is transmitted between ticks, animals, and humans. It seems that ticks and small mammals play a role in maintaining TBEV in nature. The disease can also affect dogs, horses, cattle, and small ruminants. Humans are incidental hosts, infected through the bite of an infected tick or by the alimentary route, through the consumption of unpasteurized milk or milk products from TBEV-infected animals. TBEV infections in humans may be asymptomatic, but the symptoms can range from mild flu-like to severe neurological. In Europe, cases of TBE are reported every year. While there is currently no effective treatment for TBE, immunization and protection against tick bites are critical in preventing this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Kwasnik
- Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland; (J.R.); (W.R.)
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2
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Stone ET, Pinto AK. T Cells in Tick-Borne Flavivirus Encephalitis: A Review of Current Paradigms in Protection and Disease Pathology. Viruses 2023; 15:958. [PMID: 37112938 PMCID: PMC10146733 DOI: 10.3390/v15040958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The family Flaviviridae is comprised of a diverse group of arthropod-borne viruses that are the etiological agents of globally relevant diseases in humans. Among these, infection with several of these flaviviruses-including West Nile virus (WNV), Zika virus (ZIKV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Powassan virus (POWV)-can result in neuroinvasive disease presenting as meningitis or encephalitis. Factors contributing to the development and resolution of tick-borne flavivirus (TBEV, POWV) infection and neuropathology remain unclear, though many recently undertaken studies have described the virus-host interactions underlying encephalitic disease. With access to neural tissues despite the selectively permeable blood-brain barrier, T cells have emerged as one notable contributor to neuroinflammation. The goal of this review is to summarize the recent advances in tick-borne flavivirus immunology-particularly with respect to T cells-as it pertains to the development of encephalitis. We found that although T cell responses are rarely evaluated in a clinical setting, they are integral in conjunction with antibody responses to restricting the entry of TBFV into the CNS. The extent and means by which they can drive immune pathology, however, merits further study. Understanding the role of the T cell compartment in tick-borne flavivirus encephalitis is instrumental for improving vaccine safety and efficacy, and has implications for treatments and interventions for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amelia K. Pinto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
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3
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Malonis RJ, Georgiev GI, Haslwanter D, VanBlargan LA, Fallon G, Vergnolle O, Cahill SM, Harris R, Cowburn D, Chandran K, Diamond MS, Lai JR. A Powassan virus domain III nanoparticle immunogen elicits neutralizing and protective antibodies in mice. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010573. [PMID: 35679349 PMCID: PMC9216602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Powassan virus (POWV) is an emerging tick borne flavivirus (TBFV) that causes severe neuroinvasive disease. Currently, there are no approved treatments or vaccines to combat POWV infection. Here, we generated and characterized a nanoparticle immunogen displaying domain III (EDIII) of the POWV E glycoprotein. Immunization with POWV EDIII presented on nanoparticles resulted in significantly higher serum neutralizing titers against POWV than immunization with monomeric POWV EDIII. Furthermore, passive transfer of EDIII-reactive sera protected against POWV challenge in vivo. We isolated and characterized a panel of EDIII-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and identified several that potently inhibit POWV infection and engage distinct epitopes within the lateral ridge and C-C' loop of the EDIII. By creating a subunit-based nanoparticle immunogen with vaccine potential that elicits antibodies with protective activity against POWV infection, our findings enhance our understanding of the molecular determinants of antibody-mediated neutralization of TBFVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J. Malonis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - George I. Georgiev
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Denise Haslwanter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Laura A. VanBlargan
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Georgia Fallon
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Olivia Vergnolle
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Sean M. Cahill
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Richard Harris
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - David Cowburn
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
| | - Michael S. Diamond
- Department of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jonathan R. Lai
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States of America
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4
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Stone ET, Hassert M, Geerling E, Wagner C, Brien JD, Ebel GD, Hirsch AJ, German C, Smith JL, Pinto AK. Balanced T and B cell responses are required for immune protection against Powassan virus in virus-like particle vaccination. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110388. [PMID: 35172138 PMCID: PMC8919300 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne pathogen for which humans are an incidental host. POWV infection can be fatal or result in long-term neurological sequelae; however, there are no approved vaccinations for POWV. Integral to efficacious vaccine development is the identification of correlates of protection, which we accomplished in this study by utilizing a murine model of POWV infection. Using POWV lethal and sub-lethal challenge models, we show that (1) robust B and T cell responses are necessary for immune protection, (2) POWV lethality can be attributed to both viral- and host-mediated drivers of disease, and (3) knowledge of the immune correlates of protection against POWV can be applied in a virus-like particle (VLP)-based vaccination approach that provides protection from lethal POWV challenge. Identification of these immune protection factors is significant as it will aid in the rational design of POWV vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Taylor Stone
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Mariah Hassert
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Elizabeth Geerling
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Colleen Wagner
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - James D Brien
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Gregory D Ebel
- Center for Vector-borne Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Alec J Hirsch
- The Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Cody German
- The Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Jessica L Smith
- The Vaccine & Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA; Division of Pathobiology & Immunology, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Amelia K Pinto
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.
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5
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Larionova MD, Markova SV, Tikunova NV, Vysotski ES. The Smallest Isoform of Metridia longa Luciferase as a Fusion Partner for Hybrid Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4971. [PMID: 32674504 PMCID: PMC7403996 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescent proteins are widely used as reporter molecules in various in vitro and in vivo assays. The smallest isoform of Metridia luciferase (MLuc7) is a highly active, naturally secreted enzyme which, along with other luciferase isoforms, is responsible for the bright bioluminescence of marine copepod Metridia longa. In this study, we report the construction of two variants of a hybrid protein consisting of MLuc7 and 14D5a single-chain antibody to the surface glycoprotein E of tick-borne encephalitis virus as a model fusion partner. We demonstrate that, whereas fusion of a single-chain antibody to either N- or C-terminus of MLuc7 does not affect its bioluminescence properties, the binding site on the single-chain antibody influences its binding capacity. The affinity of 14D5a-MLuc7 hybrid protein (KD = 36.2 nM) where the C-terminus of the single-chain antibody was fused to the N-terminus of MLuc7, appeared to be 2.5-fold higher than that of the reverse, MLuc7-14D5a (KD = 87.6 nM). The detection limit of 14D5a-MLuc7 hybrid protein was estimated to be 45 pg of the recombinant glycoprotein E. Although the smallest isoform of M. longa luciferase was tested as a fusion partner only with a single-chain antibody, it is reasonable to suppose that MLuc7 can also be successfully used as a partner for genetic fusion with other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina D. Larionova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.D.L.); (S.V.M.)
| | - Svetlana V. Markova
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.D.L.); (S.V.M.)
- School of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 660041 Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Nina V. Tikunova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Eugene S. Vysotski
- Photobiology Laboratory, Institute of Biophysics SB RAS, Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center SB RAS”, 660036 Krasnoyarsk, Russia; (M.D.L.); (S.V.M.)
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6
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Velay A, Paz M, Cesbron M, Gantner P, Solis M, Soulier E, Argemi X, Martinot M, Hansmann Y, Fafi-Kremer S. Tick-borne encephalitis virus: molecular determinants of neuropathogenesis of an emerging pathogen. Crit Rev Microbiol 2019; 45:472-493. [PMID: 31267816 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2019.1629872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a zoonotic agent causing severe encephalitis. The transmission cycle involves the virus, the Ixodes tick vector, and a vertebrate reservoir, such as small mammals (rodents, or shrews). Humans are accidentally involved in this transmission cycle. Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) has been a growing public health problem in Europe and Asia over the past 30 years. The mechanisms involved in the development of TBE are very complex and likely multifactorial, involving both host and viral factors. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current literature on TBE neuropathogenesis in the human host and to demonstrate the emergence of common themes in the molecular pathogenesis of TBE in humans. We discuss and review data on experimental study models and on both viral (molecular genetics of TBEV) and host (immune response, and genetic background) factors involved in TBE neuropathogenesis in the context of human infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Velay
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France.,INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109 , Strasbourg , France
| | - Magali Paz
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Marlène Cesbron
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Pierre Gantner
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France.,INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109 , Strasbourg , France
| | - Morgane Solis
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France.,INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109 , Strasbourg , France
| | | | - Xavier Argemi
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Martin Martinot
- Service de Médecine Interne et de Rhumatologie, Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar , Colmar , France
| | - Yves Hansmann
- Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France
| | - Samira Fafi-Kremer
- Virology Laboratory, University Hospital of Strasbourg , Strasbourg , France.,INSERM, IRM UMR_S 1109 , Strasbourg , France
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7
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Maikova GB, Chernokhaeva LL, Rogova YV, Kozlovskaya LI, Kholodilov IS, Romanenko VV, Esyunina MS, Ankudinova AA, Kilyachina AS, Vorovitch MF, Karganova GG. Ability of inactivated vaccines based on far‐eastern tick‐borne encephalitis virus strains to induce humoral immune response in originally seropositive and seronegative recipients. J Med Virol 2018; 91:190-200. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Galina B. Maikova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
| | - Liubov L. Chernokhaeva
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
| | - Yulia V. Rogova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
| | - Liubov I. Kozlovskaya
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
- Institute for Translational Medecine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow Russia
| | - Ivan S. Kholodilov
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
| | - Victor V. Romanenko
- Hygienic and Epidemiological Center of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing in Sverdlovsk RegionEkaterinburg Russia
| | - Mariya S. Esyunina
- Office of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing in Sverdlovsk RegionEkaterinburg Russia
| | - Anna A. Ankudinova
- Ekaterinburg Scientific Research Institute of Virus Infections, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellbeingEkaterinburg Russia
| | - Anna S. Kilyachina
- Ekaterinburg Scientific Research Institute of Virus Infections, Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellbeingEkaterinburg Russia
| | - Mikhail F. Vorovitch
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
- Institute for Translational Medecine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow Russia
| | - Galina G. Karganova
- Chumakov Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, FSBSI “Chumakov FSC IBP RAS,”Moscow Russia
- Institute for Translational Medecine and Biotechnology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical UniversityMoscow Russia
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8
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Immunogenicity and Protective Activity of a Chimeric Protein Based on the Domain III of the Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus E Protein and the OmpF Porin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis Incorporated into the TI-Complex. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102988. [PMID: 30274357 PMCID: PMC6213927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a widespread, dangerous infection. Unfortunately, all attempts to create safe anti-TBE subunit vaccines are still unsuccessful due to their low immunogenicity. The goal of the present work was to investigate the immunogenicity of a recombinant chimeric protein created by the fusion of the EIII protein, comprising domain III and a stem region of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) E protein, and the OmpF porin of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (OmpF-EIII). Adjuvanted antigen delivery systems, the tubular immunostimulating complexes (TI-complexes) based on the monogalactosyldiacylglycerol from different marine macrophytes, were used to enhance the immunogenicity of OmpF-EIII. Also, the chimeric protein incorporated into the most effective TI-complex was used to study its protective activity. The content of anti-OmpF-EIII antibodies was estimated in mice blood serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). To study protective activity, previously immunized mice were infected with TBEV strain Dal’negorsk (GenBank ID: FJ402886). The animal survival was monitored daily for 21 days. OmpF-EIII incorporated into the TI-complexes induced about a 30–60- and 5–10-fold increase in the production of anti-OmpF-EIII and anti-EIII antibodies, respectively, in comparison with the effect of an individual OmpF-EIII. The most effective vaccine construction provided 60% protection. Despite the dramatic effect on the specific antibody titer, the studied TI-complex did not provide a statistically significant increase in the protection of OmpF-EIII protein. However, our results provide the basis of the future search for approaches to design and optimize the anti-TBEV vaccine based on the OmpF-EIII protein.
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9
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Golotin V, Sanina N, Davydova L, Chopenko N, Mazeika A, Roig M, Shnyrov V, Uversky VN, Kostetsky E. Recombinant Fusion Protein Joining E Protein Domain III of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus and HSP70 of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis as an Antigen for the TI-Complexes. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E82. [PMID: 30149603 PMCID: PMC6164642 DOI: 10.3390/biom8030082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Domain III (DIII) of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) protein E contains epitopes, which induce antibodies capable of neutralizing the virus. To enhance the immunogenicity of this protein, which has a low molecular weight, the aim of the present work was to express, isolate, and characterize a chimeric protein based on the fusion of the bacterial chaperone HSP70 of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and EIII (DIII + stem) as a prospective antigen for an adjuvanted delivery system, the tubular immunostimulating complex (TI-complex). The chimeric construction was obtained using pET-40b(+) vector by ligating the respective genes. The resulting plasmid was transformed into DE3 cells for the heterologous expression of the chimeric protein, which was purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). ELISA, differential scanning calorimetry, intrinsic fluorescence, and computational analysis were applied for the characterization of the immunogenicity and conformation of the chimeric protein. Mice immunization showed that the chimeric protein induced twice the number of anti-EIII antibodies in comparison with EIII alone. In turn, the incorporation of the HSP70/EIII chimeric protein in the TI-complex resulted in a twofold increase in its immunogenicity. The formation of this vaccine construction was accompanied by significant conformational changes in the chimeric protein. Using HSP70 in the content of the chimeric protein represents an efficient means for presenting the main antigenic domain of the TBEV envelope protein to the immune system, whereas the incorporation of this chimeric protein into the TI-complex further contributes to the development of a stronger immune response against the TBEV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Golotin
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanov St., 8, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
- Laboratory of Marine Natural Compounds Chemistry, G.B. Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, FEB RAS, Prospect 100 let Vladivostoku, 159, Vladivostok 690022, Russia.
| | - Nina Sanina
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanov St., 8, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
| | - Ludmila Davydova
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanov St., 8, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
| | - Natalia Chopenko
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanov St., 8, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
| | - Andrey Mazeika
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanov St., 8, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
| | - Manuel Roig
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza de los Caìdos s/n, 37008 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Valery Shnyrov
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Universidad de Salamanca, Plaza Doctores de la Reina s/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Vladimir N Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and USF Health Byrd Alzheimer's Research Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd. MDC07, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
- Laboratory of New methods in Biology, Institute for Biological Instrumentation, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia.
| | - Eduard Kostetsky
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Far Eastern Federal University, Sukhanov St., 8, Vladivostok 690091, Russia.
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10
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Baykov IK, Emelyanova LA, Sokolova LM, Karelina EM, Matveev AL, Babkin IV, Khlusevich YА, Podgornyy VF, Tikunova NV. ANALYSIS OF DOMAIN SPECIFICITY OF THE PROTECTIVE CHIMERIC ANTIBODY ch14D5a AGAINST GLYCOPROTEIN E OF TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2018. [DOI: 10.18699/vj18.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A drug for the prevention and therapy of tick-borne encephalitis virus is being developed on the basis of the protective chimeric antibody ch14D5a. At the same time, the epitope recognized by this antibody on the surface of glycoprotein E has not been localized yet. The aim of this work was to identify the domain of glycoprotein E, to which the protective antibody ch14D5a binds. As a result, four recombinant variants of glycoprotein E were generated using the bacterial expression system: (1) the rE protein containing the domains D1, D2, and D3 of glycoprotein E; (2) the rED1+2 protein containing domains D1 and D2; (3) the rED3_301 protein, which is domain D3 of glycoprotein E, and (4) the rED3_294 protein comprising domain D3 and a hinge region connecting domains D1 and D3. The rED3_294 and rED3_301 proteins were obtained in soluble monomeric form. The rE and rED1+2 proteins were extracted from the inclusion bodies of Escherichia coli. Using Western blot analysis and surface plasmon resonance analysis, it was demonstrated that the protective chimeric antibody ch14D5a and its Fab fragment bound specifically to domain D3 of glycoprotein E. Since the antibodies recognizing epitopes on the surface of domain D3 do not tend to cause antibody-dependent enhancement of the infection as compared to antibodies directed to domains D1 and D2, the data obtained confirm the promise of using the antibody ch14D5a in the development of a therapeutic preparation against the tick-borne encephalitis virus.
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11
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Lashkevich VA, Karganova GG. ON MODERN APPROACHES TO CREATION OF A SINGLE-CYCLE VACCINE AGAINST TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS. Vopr Virusol 2018; 63:101-105. [PMID: 36494935 DOI: 10.18821/0507-4088-2018-63-3-101-105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Russia, about 2000 people get tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) every year. Almost none of them are vaccinated. For the prevention of TBE, inactivated vaccines (IVTBE) are used. IVTBE are safe and protect from TBE not less than 95% of vaccinated. The disadvantages of IVTBE are the need for numerous intramuscular injections by medical personnel, the high cost of vaccination and the vaccination refusals. A new vaccine against TBE should not be inferior to IVTBE in its safety and efficacy, should cause long-term immunity after a single application, and, preferably, be effective after oral administration. Currently, genetic engineering methods for producing replication-defective (single-cycle) flaviviruses that can serve as the basis for creating new types of safe vaccines similar in many characteristics to classic live vaccines based on attenuated strains of viruses have been proposed. The possibility of infecting humans with TBE by the use of milk of naturally infected animals, as well as the experience of using experimental live TBE vaccines, are prerequisites for the creation of a safe oral single-dose TBE vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Lashkevich
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune and Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences
| | - G G Karganova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune and Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences
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Structures and Functions of the Envelope Glycoprotein in Flavivirus Infections. Viruses 2017; 9:v9110338. [PMID: 29137162 PMCID: PMC5707545 DOI: 10.3390/v9110338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 10/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Flaviviruses are enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses that widely infect many animal species. The envelope protein, a structural protein of flavivirus, plays an important role in host cell viral infections. It is composed of three separate structural envelope domains I, II, and III (EDI, EDII, and EDIII). EDI is a structurally central domain of the envelope protein which stabilizes the overall orientation of the protein, and the glycosylation sites in EDI are related to virus production, pH sensitivity, and neuroinvasiveness. EDII plays an important role in membrane fusion because of the immunodominance of the fusion loop epitope and the envelope dimer epitope. Additionally, EDIII is the major target of neutralization antibodies. The envelope protein is an important target for research to develop vaccine candidates and antiviral therapeutics. This review summarizes the structures and functions of ED I/II/III, and provides practical applications for the three domains, with the ultimate goal of implementing strategies to utilize the envelope protein against flavivirus infections, thus achieving better diagnostics and developing potential flavivirus therapeutics and vaccines.
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Reynolds ES, Hart CE, Hermance ME, Brining DL, Thangamani S. An Overview of Animal Models for Arthropod-Borne Viruses. Comp Med 2017; 67:232-241. [PMID: 28662752 PMCID: PMC5482515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 02/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) have continued to emerge in recent years, posing a significant health threat to millions of people worldwide. The majority of arboviruses that are pathogenic to humans are transmitted by mosquitoes and ticks, but other types of arthropod vectors can also be involved in the transmission of these viruses. To alleviate the health burdens associated with arbovirus infections, it is necessary to focus today's research on disease control and therapeutic strategies. Animal models for arboviruses are valuable experimental tools that can shed light on the pathophysiology of infection and will enable the evaluation of future treatments and vaccine candidates. Ideally an animal model will closely mimic the disease manifestations observed in humans. In this review, we outline the currently available animal models for several viruses vectored by mosquitoes, ticks, and midges, for which there are no standardly available vaccines or therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin S Reynolds
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Charles E Hart
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Meghan E Hermance
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Douglas L Brining
- Animal Resources Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Saravanan Thangamani
- Department of Pathology, Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, Center for Tropical Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;,
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Tkachuk AP, Gushchin VA, Potapov VD, Demidenko AV, Lunin VG, Gintsburg AL. Multi-subunit BCG booster vaccine GamTBvac: Assessment of immunogenicity and protective efficacy in murine and guinea pig TB models. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176784. [PMID: 28453555 PMCID: PMC5409163 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
New innovative vaccines are highly needed to combat the global threat posed by tuberculosis. Efficient components-antigens and adjuvants-are crucial for development of modern recombinant TB vaccines. This study describes a new vaccine (GamTBvac) consisting of two mycobacterial antigen fusions (Ag85A and ESAT6-CFP10)-with dextran-binding domain immobilized on dextran and mixed with an adjuvant consisting of DEAE-dextran core, and with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (TLR9 agonists). GamTBvac and its components were assessed for immunogenicity and protective efficacy in GamTBvac-prime/boost and BCG-prime/ GamTBvac-boost in murine and guinea pig TB models. Results show that in both infectious models, GamTBvac has a strong immunogenicity and significant protective effect against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv under aerosol and intravenous challenges. GamTBvac showed a particularly strong protective effect as a BCG booster vaccine.
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MESH Headings
- Adjuvants, Immunologic
- Administration, Intravenous
- Aerosols
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial/blood
- BCG Vaccine/immunology
- Cell Proliferation/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Female
- Guinea Pigs
- Immunization
- Immunization, Secondary
- Immunogenicity, Vaccine
- Lung/immunology
- Lymph Nodes/immunology
- Male
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology
- Spleen/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- Tuberculosis/immunology
- Tuberculosis/prevention & control
- Tuberculosis Vaccines/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- A. P. Tkachuk
- Translational Biomedicine Laboratory, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. A. Gushchin
- Translational Biomedicine Laboratory, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. D. Potapov
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Russia
| | - A. V. Demidenko
- Laboratory of bioactive nanostructures, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. G. Lunin
- Laboratory of bioactive nanostructures, N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A. L. Gintsburg
- N.F. Gamaleya Federal Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
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