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Risk Prediction of Ureaplasma urealyticum Affecting Sperm Quality Based on Mathematical Model and Cross-Sectional Study. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:2498306. [PMID: 35664640 PMCID: PMC9159871 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2498306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. To explore the risk of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) affecting sperm quality. Methods. Prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. In total, 340 semen samples were collected. According to whether they were infected with UU, the samples were divided into the UU-positive group (observation group) and UU-negative group (control group). The patients with UU-positive were followed up to obtain treatment and collected the semen again after treatment. The semen characteristics and sperm parameters were detected and compared, and the relationship of UU and the sperm quality was analyzed by mathematical models. Results. There were 104 UU-positive semen samples in all, with an overall infection rate of 30.6%, which was highest in 31 to 40-year-old men, and over 40-year-old men were the lowest. The pH, PR, VCL, VSL, and STR in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all
), while SV, NP, and WOB were significantly higher (all
). After treatment, the pH, VSL, LIN, WOB, and STR in the observation group were significantly higher than before (all
), while SV and VCL were significantly lower (all
). UU infection was closely correlated with pH, PR, NP, VCL, VSL, WOB, and STR. During the treatment, pH, PR, VSL, WOB, and STR increased, but NP and VCL decreased. 7 major factors that would affect SQ were extracted, of which VAP, LIN, and UU were the first three main factors. The risk of SQ declining after UU infection increased nearly twice with the change of PR and VCL and increased 0.08 times with STR. Conclusion. UU may approximately double the risk of altering the sperm’s curvilinear movement rate and straightness to affect the sperm quality.
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Lee SS, Cheng KF, Wong NS, Kwan CK, Lau OC, Cheng HF, Ngan W, Ma SP, Kam KM, Ho KM, Chung PH, Chan DPC. The emergence of antibiotic resistant Mycoplasma genitalium as the cause of non-gonococcal urethritis in male sexually transmitted infection clinic patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2021; 59:106510. [PMID: 34971729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2021.106510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) is the cause of an emerging sexually-acquired infection with high propensity for antimicrobial resistance development. In a prevalence study conducted at the public sexually transmitted infection (STI) service in Hong Kong, the first void urine (FVU) samples of 38 (8%) out of 493 male non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) patients were tested positive by RT-PCR. Patients with MG were younger in age (31 vs 33, OR=0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.996; P=0.03), more likely to present with urethral discharge (12% vs 6%, OR=2.16, 95% CI 1.10-4.23; P=0.02) and had longer symptom duration of over 2 weeks (14% vs 6%, OR=2.34, 95% CI 1.10-4.97; P=0.03). The prevalence of MG was lower in patients co-infected with Chlamydia trachomatis than as isolated infection (4% vs 10%, OR=0.38, 95% CI 0.17-0.84; P=0.02). Men who have sex with men (MSM) did not give a higher prevalence of MG. Antimicrobial resistance-conferring mutation was present in 24 (63%) patients with MG - 23S rRNA 18 (47%) and parC 19 (53%). Similar to neigbouring Asia Pacific countries, concurrent resistance mutation against both macrolide and fluoroquinolone was demonstrated in 14 (37%). Histories of azithromycin and moxifloxacin use were significantly associated with MG diagnosis. Characteristically, NGU in Hong Kong featured the co-existence of mono-resistance against macrolide or fluoroquinolone, and the presence of dual class resistance. The geographic variability of antimicrobial resistance against MG is attributed to not just the different transmission networks formed in separate population groups but the antimicrobial prescriptions in the treatment of urethritis in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui Shan Lee
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kim Fung Cheng
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ngai Sze Wong
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China; Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Keung Kwan
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - On Cheung Lau
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hok Fai Cheng
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - William Ngan
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu Pang Ma
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kai Man Kam
- Precious Blood Hospital (Caritas), Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - King Man Ho
- Social Hygiene Service, Centre for Health Protection, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Government, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Hong Chung
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Denise Pui Chung Chan
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
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