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Chen P, Lin X, Zhang C, Xie Y, Guo Z, Ren F. Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected periodontitis promotes renal interstitial fibrosis in rats through the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 and β-catenin signaling pathways. Gene 2024; 927:148729. [PMID: 38936784 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Periodontitis is associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum (F.n) infection. Although the colonization of renal tissue by F.n is well documented, its specific role in kidney disease has yet to be determined. This study aimed to investigate the potential association between F.n-induced periodontitis and renal interstitial fibrosis. METHODS The rat gingival sulcus was injected with F.n suspension, while the control group (NC) was injected with PBS. The levels of total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), creatinine, and urea nitrogen (BUN) in rat serum and/or urine were quantified using the appropriate kits. Renal interstitial fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were evaluated in rats using Masson staining, Periodic Schiff-Methenamine (PASM) staining, and immunohistochemical staining. The levels of fibrosis- and EMT-related proteins and the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 and β-catenin signaling pathways were determined using Western blot analysis. F.n in the kidney tissues was quantitatively determined using bacterial 16S rRNA technology. RESULTS Serum levels of TP, ALB, creatinine, and BUN were not significantly decreased in F.n-infected rats with periodontitis. The levels of creatinine and ALB in the urine were not statistically different between two groups. Masson and PASM staining showed that F.n-induced periodontitis could promote renal interstitial fibrosis in rats. The levels of collagen I, fibronectin (FN), vimentin, and α-SMA were upregulated in the kidney tissues of rats with F.n-induced periodontitis and in F.n-treated HK-2 cells. However, E-cadherin levels were reduced. F.n promoted renal interstitial and HK-2 cell fibrosis in rats by modulating the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 and β-catenin signaling pathways. F.n colonization increased renal interstitial fibrosis in rats. CONCLUSION F.n-induced periodontitis promoted EMT by activating the TGF-β/SMAD2/3 and β-catenin signaling pathways, thus promoting renal interstitial fibrosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Chen
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Xi Lin
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Caimei Zhang
- Second Department of endodontics, Haizhu Square Branch of Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Yu Xie
- Department of prosthodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China
| | - Zehong Guo
- Department of Periodontology and Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280, China.
| | - Fei Ren
- VIP clinic, Panfu Branch of Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510180, China.
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Ghosh A, Jaaback K, Boulton A, Wong-Brown M, Raymond S, Dutta P, Bowden NA, Ghosh A. Fusobacterium nucleatum: An Overview of Evidence, Demi-Decadal Trends, and Its Role in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Various Gynecological Diseases, including Cancers. Cells 2024; 13:717. [PMID: 38667331 PMCID: PMC11049087 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gynecological and obstetric infectious diseases are crucial to women's health. There is growing evidence that links the presence of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum), an anaerobic oral commensal and potential periodontal pathogen, to the development and progression of various human diseases, including cancers. While the role of this opportunistic oral pathogen has been extensively studied in colorectal cancer in recent years, research on its epidemiological evidence and mechanistic link to gynecological diseases (GDs) is still ongoing. Thus, the present review, which is the first of its kind, aims to undertake a comprehensive and critical reappraisal of F. nucleatum, including the genetics and mechanistic role in promoting adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and various GDs, including cancers. Additionally, this review discusses new conceptual advances that link the immunomodulatory role of F. nucleatum to the development and progression of breast, ovarian, endometrial, and cervical carcinomas through the activation of various direct and indirect signaling pathways. However, further studies are needed to explore and elucidate the highly dynamic process of host-F. nucleatum interactions and discover new pathways, which will pave the way for the development of better preventive and therapeutic strategies against this pathobiont.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunita Ghosh
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia;
| | - Ken Jaaback
- Hunter New England Centre for Gynecological Cancer, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia;
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Angela Boulton
- Newcastle Private Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (A.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Michelle Wong-Brown
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia;
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Steve Raymond
- Newcastle Private Hospital, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia; (A.B.); (S.R.)
| | - Partha Dutta
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA;
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - Nikola A. Bowden
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia;
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Arnab Ghosh
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia;
- Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW 2305, Australia;
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Liu C, Yang Z, Tang X, Zhao F, He M, Liu C, Zhou D, Wang L, Gu B, Yuan Y, Chen X. Colonization of Fusobacterium nucleatum is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients with venous thromboembolism: a retrospective cohort study. Thromb J 2023; 21:2. [PMID: 36600287 PMCID: PMC9811730 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-022-00447-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) often colonizes cancerous gastric tissues and is characterized by the promotion of platelet aggregation and the development of visceral thrombosis. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) leads to a significant increase in the mortality of gastric cancer (GC) patients. However, the relationship between the colonization of F. nucleatum and the prognosis of GC patients is still unknown. AIM The aim of this study was to explore whether the colonization of F. nucleatum is related to the prognosis of GC patients complicated with VTE and to explore other potential risk factors. METHODS From 2017-2021, the data of 304 patients with new VTEs during the treatment of GC at the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected. Fluorescence in situ hybridization of F. nucleatum was performed on pathological sections of cancer tissues from the patients. Survival analysis methods, including the Kaplan‒Meier method and Cox proportional hazard model, were performed. RESULTS F. nucleatum colonization was significantly associated with splanchnic vein thrombosis, higher platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lower absolute lymphocyte count. In the multivariable Cox model, F. nucleatum colonization was found to be an independent risk factor for the prognosis of GC, with an adjusted HR of 1.77 (95% CI, 1.17 to 2.69 [P = 0.007]). In addition, patients with high PLR (HR: 2.65, P = 0.004) or VTE occurring during four cycles of chemotherapy (HR: 2.32, P = 0.012) exhibited shorter survival. Conversely, those experiencing VTE later (HR per month from diagnosis of GC: 0.95, P = 0.006) or using IVC filters (HR: 0.27, P = 0.011) had longer survival. CONCLUSION Colonization of F. nucleatum in GC tissues was associated with lower absolute lymphocyte count and higher PLR in GC patients with VTE. F. nucleatum colonization also appeared to be associated with the development of VTE in specific sites, in particular the splanchnic vein. Colonization of F. nucleatum may potentially represent an independent predictor of poor prognosis in GC patients. Additional research is necessary to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280 China ,grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Zhou Yang
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515 China
| | - Xiance Tang
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Medical Records, Office for DRGs, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Mengke He
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Changpeng Liu
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Medical Records, Office for DRGs, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Dongmin Zhou
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Bo Gu
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Ultrasound Therapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Yiqiang Yuan
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510280 China ,grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The 7th People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Henan Cardiovascular Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University/The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, No.17 Jingnanwu Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016 China ,grid.459614.bDepartment of Cardiovascular Medicine, Henan Provincial Chest Hospital, No.1 Weiwu Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- grid.414008.90000 0004 1799 4638Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, No.127 Dongming Road, Zhengzhou, Henan 450008 China
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Virulence Factors of the Periodontal Pathogens: Tools to Evade the Host Immune Response and Promote Carcinogenesis. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11010115. [PMID: 36677408 PMCID: PMC9860638 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is the most common chronic, inflammatory oral disease that affects more than half of the population in the United States. The disease leads to destruction of the tooth-supporting tissue called periodontium, which ultimately results in tooth loss if uncured. The interaction between the periodontal microbiota and the host immune cells result in the induction of a non-protective host immune response that triggers host tissue destruction. Certain pathogens have been implicated periodontal disease formation that is triggered by a plethora of virulence factors. There is a collective evidence on the impact of periodontal disease progression on systemic health. Of particular interest, the role of the virulence factors of the periodontal pathogens in facilitating the evasion of the host immune cells and promotion of carcinogenesis has been the focus of many researchers. The aim of this review is to examine the influence of the periodontal pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (A. actinomycetemcomitans), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) in the modulation of the intracellular signaling pathways of the host cells in order to evade the host immune response and interfere with normal host cell death and the role of their virulence factors in this regard.
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