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Nicolle R, Siquier-Pernet K, Rio M, Guimier A, Ollivier E, Nitschke P, Bole-Feysot C, Romana S, Hastie A, Cantagrel V, Malan V. 16p13.11p11.2 triplication syndrome: a new recognizable genomic disorder characterized by optical genome mapping and whole genome sequencing. Eur J Hum Genet 2022; 30:712-720. [PMID: 35388186 PMCID: PMC9177583 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-022-01094-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly identical segmental duplications (SDs) account for over 5% of the human genome and are enriched in the short arm of the chromosome 16. These SDs are susceptibility factors for recurrent chromosomal rearrangements mediated by non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR). Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) has been widely used as the first-tier test for individuals with developmental disabilities and/or congenital anomalies and several genomic disorders involving the 16p-arm have been identified with this technique. However, the resolution of CMA and the limitations of short-reads whole genome sequencing (WGS) technology do not allow the full characterization of the most complex chromosomal rearrangements. Herein, we report on two unrelated patients with a de novo 16p13.11p11.2 triplication associated with a 16p11.2 duplication, detected by CMA. These patients share a similar phenotype including hypotonia, severe neurodevelopmental delay with profound speech impairment, hyperkinetic behavior, conductive hearing loss, and distinctive facial features. Short-reads WGS could not map precisely any of the rearrangement's breakpoints that lie within SDs. We used optical genome mapping (OGM) to determine the relative orientation of the triplicated and duplicated segments as well as the genomic positions of the breakpoints, allowing us to propose a mechanism involving recombination between allelic SDs and a NAHR event. In conclusion, we report a new clinically recognizable genomic disorder. In addition, the mechanism of these complex chromosomal rearrangements involving SDs could be unraveled by OGM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Nicolle
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Karine Siquier-Pernet
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Marlène Rio
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Anne Guimier
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuelle Ollivier
- Université de Paris, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Nitschke
- Université de Paris, Bioinformatics Core Facility, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Christine Bole-Feysot
- Université de Paris, Genomics Platform, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Serge Romana
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | | | - Vincent Cantagrel
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Malan
- Fédération de Génétique et Médecine Génomique, Service de Médecine Génomique des Maladies Rares, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
- Université de Paris, Developmental Brain Disorders Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, F-75015, Paris, France.
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2
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Yang J, Ouyang X, Fu H, Hou X, Liu Y, Xie Y, Yu H, Wang G. Advances in biomedical study of the myopia-related signaling pathways and mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 145:112472. [PMID: 34861634 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia has become one of the most critical health problems in the world with the increasing time spent indoors and increasing close work. Pathological myopia may have multiple complications, such as myopic macular degeneration, retinal detachment, cataracts, open-angle glaucoma, and severe cases that can cause blindness. Mounting evidence suggests that the cause of myopia can be attributed to the complex interaction of environmental exposure and genetic susceptibility. An increasing number of researchers have focused on the genetic pathogenesis of myopia in recent years. Scleral remodeling and excessive axial elongating induced retina thinning and even retinal detachment are myopia's most important pathological manifestations. The related signaling pathways are indispensable in myopia occurrence and development, such as dopamine, nitric oxide, TGF-β, HIF-1α, etc. We review the current major and recent progress of biomedicine on myopia-related signaling pathways and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xinli Ouyang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Hong Fu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Xinyu Hou
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, China
| | - Yongfang Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Haiqun Yu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, China.
| | - Guohui Wang
- School of Life Science and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Kato K, Hansen L, Clausen H. Polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase-Associated Phenotypes in Mammals. Molecules 2021; 26:5504. [PMID: 34576978 PMCID: PMC8472655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucin-type O-glycosylation involves the attachment of glycans to an initial O-linked N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) on serine and threonine residues on proteins. This process in mammals is initiated and regulated by a large family of 20 UDP-GalNAc: polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferases (GalNAc-Ts) (EC 2.4.1.41). The enzymes are encoded by a large gene family (GALNTs). Two of these genes, GALNT2 and GALNT3, are known as monogenic autosomal recessive inherited disease genes with well characterized phenotypes, whereas a broad spectrum of phenotypes is associated with the remaining 18 genes. Until recently, the overlapping functionality of the 20 members of the enzyme family has hindered characterizing the specific biological roles of individual enzymes. However, recent evidence suggests that these enzymes do not have full functional redundancy and may serve specific purposes that are found in the different phenotypes described. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of GALNT and associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Kato
- Department of Eco-Epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Lars Hansen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Mærsk Building, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark;
| | - Henrik Clausen
- Copenhagen Center for Glycomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Mærsk Building, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark;
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4
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Karouta C, Kucharski R, Hardy K, Thomson K, Maleszka R, Morgan I, Ashby R. Transcriptome-based insights into gene networks controlling myopia prevention. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21846. [PMID: 34405458 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202100350rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Myopia (short-sightedness), usually caused by excessive elongation of the eye during development, has reached epidemic proportions worldwide. In animal systems including the chicken model, several treatments have been shown to inhibit ocular elongation and experimental myopia. Although diverse in their apparent mechanism of action, each one leads to a reduction in the rate of ocular growth. We hypothesize that a defined set of retinal molecular changes may underlie growth inhibition, irrespective of the treatment agent used. Accordingly, across five well-established but diverse methods of inhibiting myopia, significant overlap is seen in the retinal transcriptome profile (transcript levels and alternative splicing events) in chicks when analyzed by RNA-seq. Within the two major pathway networks enriched during growth inhibition, that of cell signaling and circadian entrainment, transcription factors form the largest functional grouping. Importantly, a large percentage of those genes forming the defined retinal response are downstream targets of the transcription factor EGR1 which itself shows a universal response to all five growth-inhibitory treatments. This supports EGR1's previously implicated role in ocular growth regulation. Finally, by contrasting our data with human linkage and GWAS studies on refractive error, we confirm the applicability of our study to the human condition. Together, these findings suggest that a universal set of transcriptome changes, which sit within a well-defined retinal network that cannot be bypassed, is fundamental to growth regulation, thus paving a way for designing novel targets for myopia therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Karouta
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Robert Kucharski
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kristine Hardy
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Kate Thomson
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ryszard Maleszka
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ian Morgan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Regan Ashby
- Centre for Research in Therapeutic Solutions, Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia.,Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Bosfield K, Diaz J, Leon E. Pure Distal 7q Duplication: Describing a Macrocephalic Neurodevelopmental Syndrome, Case Report and Review of the Literature. Mol Syndromol 2021; 12:159-168. [PMID: 34177432 DOI: 10.1159/000513453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pure distal duplications of 7q have rarely been described in the medical literature. The term pure refers to duplications that occur without an accompanying clinically significant deletion. Pure 7q duplications of various segments have previously been reported in the literature; however, pure distal 7q duplications have only been reported in 21 cases. Twenty of these earlier reports described patients who were identified via karyotype and 1 recently by microarray. Cases have also been reported in genomic databases such as DECIPHER and the University of California Santa Cruz genome browser. We have reviewed 7 additional cases with distal 7q duplications from these databases and compared them to 7 previously reported distal 7q duplication cases to uncover common features including global developmental delay, frontal bossing, macrocephaly, seizures, kyphoscoliosis/skeletal anomalies, and microretrognathia/palatal anomalies. In this case, we describe a 4-year-old boy with a 30.8-Mb pure duplication of 7q32.1q36.3. Newly reported features associated with this duplication include intermittent dystonic posturing, increased behavioral irritability, eosinophilic esophagitis, segmental vertebral anomalies, and segmental intermittent limb cyanosis. We highlight the importance of using publicly available databases to describe rare genetic syndromes and to better characterize the features of pure distal 7q duplications and further postulate that duplication of this region represents a recognizable macrocephalic neurodevelopmental syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri Bosfield
- Children's National Health System, Rare Disease Institute, Genetics and Metabolism, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Jullianne Diaz
- Children's National Health System, Rare Disease Institute, Genetics and Metabolism, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Eyby Leon
- Children's National Health System, Rare Disease Institute, Genetics and Metabolism, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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Cottrell E, Cabrera CP, Ishida M, Chatterjee S, Greening J, Wright N, Bossowski A, Dunkel L, Deeb A, Basiri IA, Rose SJ, Mason A, Bint S, Ahn JW, Hwa V, Metherell LA, Moore GE, Storr HL. Rare CNVs provide novel insights into the molecular basis of GH and IGF-1 insensitivity. Eur J Endocrinol 2020; 183:581-595. [PMID: 33055295 PMCID: PMC7592635 DOI: 10.1530/eje-20-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Copy number variation (CNV) has been associated with idiopathic short stature, small for gestational age and Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). It has not been extensively investigated in growth hormone insensitivity (GHI; short stature, IGF-1 deficiency and normal/high GH) or previously in IGF-1 insensitivity (short stature, high/normal GH and IGF-1). DESIGN AND METHODS Array comparative genomic hybridisation was performed with ~60 000 probe oligonucleotide array in GHI (n = 53) and IGF-1 insensitivity (n = 10) subjects. Published literature, mouse models, DECIPHER CNV tracks, growth associated GWAS loci and pathway enrichment analyses were used to identify key biological pathways/novel candidate growth genes within the CNV regions. RESULTS Both cohorts were enriched for class 3-5 CNVs (7/53 (13%) GHI and 3/10 (30%) IGF-1 insensitivity patients). Interestingly, 6/10 (60%) CNV subjects had diagnostic/associated clinical features of SRS. 5/10 subjects (50%) had CNVs previously reported in suspected SRS: 1q21 (n = 2), 12q14 (n = 1) deletions and Xp22 (n = 1), Xq26 (n = 1) duplications. A novel 15q11 deletion, previously associated with growth failure but not SRS/GHI was identified. Bioinformatic analysis identified 45 novel candidate growth genes, 15 being associated with growth in GWAS. The WNT canonical pathway was enriched in the GHI cohort and CLOCK was identified as an upstream regulator in the IGF-1 insensitivity cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Our cohort was enriched for low frequency CNVs. Our study emphasises the importance of CNV testing in GHI and IGF-1 insensitivity patients, particularly GHI subjects with SRS features. Functional experimental evidence is now required to validate the novel candidate growth genes, interactions and biological pathways identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Cottrell
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Claudia P Cabrera
- Centre for Translational Bioinformatics, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- NIHR Barts Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Miho Ishida
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Sumana Chatterjee
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - James Greening
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Neil Wright
- The University of Sheffield Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health, Sheffield, UK
| | - Artur Bossowski
- Department of Pediatrics, Endocrinology and Diabetes with a Cardiology Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Leo Dunkel
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Asma Deeb
- Paediatric Endocrinology Department, Mafraq Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Stephen J Rose
- University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | - Vivian Hwa
- Cincinnati Center for Growth Disorders, Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Louise A Metherell
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Gudrun E Moore
- University College London, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Helen L Storr
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- Correspondence should be addressed to H L Storr;
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Yanagishita T, Imaizumi T, Yamamoto-Shimojima K, Yano T, Okamoto N, Nagata S, Yamamoto T. Breakpoint junction analysis for complex genomic rearrangements with the caldera volcano-like pattern. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:2119-2127. [PMID: 32906213 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chromosomal triplications can be classified into recurrent and nonrecurrent triplications. Most of the nonrecurrent triplications are embedded in duplicated segments, and duplication-inverted triplication-duplication (DUP-TRP/INV-DUP) has been established as one of the mechanisms of triplication. This study aimed to reveal the underlying mechanism of the TRP-DUP-TRP pattern of chromosomal aberrations, in which the appearance of moving averages obtained through array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis is similar to the shadows of the caldera volcano-like pattern, which were first identified in two patients with neurodevelopmental disabilities. For this purpose, whole-genome sequencing using long-read Nanopore sequencing was carried out to confirm breakpoint junctions. Custom array analysis and Sanger sequencing were also used to detect all breakpoint junctions. As a result, the TRP-DUP-TRP pattern consisted of only two patterns of breakpoint junctions in both patients. In patient 1, microhomologies were identified in breakpoint junctions. In patient 2, more complex architectures with insertional segments were identified. Thus, replication-based mechanisms were considered as a mechanism of the TRP-DUP-TRP pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoe Yanagishita
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genomic Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taichi Imaizumi
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | | | - Tamami Yano
- Department of Pediatrics, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Satoru Nagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Yamamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Genomic Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Pediatrics, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan.,Institute for Integrated Medical Sciences, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Yu C, Zhang F. LncRNA AC009022.1 enhances colorectal cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion by promoting ACTR3B expression via suppressing miR‐497‐5p. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1934-1944. [PMID: 31637768 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yu
- Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery Weifang People's Hospital Weifang China
| | - Fengchun Zhang
- Department of Anus & Intestine Surgery Weifang People's Hospital Weifang China
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9
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The significance of trisomy 7 mosaicism in noninvasive prenatal screening. Hum Genomics 2019; 13:18. [PMID: 30971315 PMCID: PMC6458712 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-019-0201-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was an evaluation of the role of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) in the detection of trisomy 7 in prenatal diagnosis. Method A total of 35 consecutive cases underwent screening for trisomies by cell-free DNA testing between April 2015 and November 2017 due to suspicious NIPT results; these cases represented 0.11% of patients (35/31,250) with similar frequencies of abnormal results among the laboratories performing the tests. NIPT was offered to further screen for common fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and next-generation sequencing (NGS) were used to detect 20, 14, and 25 patients, respectively, who accepted confirmatory diagnostic testing. Results High-risk results by NIPT were recorded for trisomy 7 alone in 29 women: dual aneuploidy in 4 patients and multiple aneuploidy in 2 patients. Karyotype analysis of amniotic fluid cells was normal in all 20 pregnancies, suggesting a probability of confined placental mosaicism. Further CMA data were obtained in 14 of the cases mentioned above, and 2 fetuses were detected with positive results with copy number variation. The NGS results suggested that all these samples were placental chimerisms of chromosome 7, except for one sample that was found to be an additional chimerism of chromosome 2, which was also consistent with the NIPT result. Conclusion Our results may be useful for the counseling of pregnant women in the detection of trisomy 7 by NIPT.
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Paththinige CS, Sirisena ND, Kariyawasam UGIU, Ediriweera RC, Kruszka P, Muenke M, Dissanayake VHW. A child with multiple congenital anomalies due to partial trisomy 7q22.1 → qter resulting from a maternally inherited balanced translocation: a case report and review of literature. BMC Med Genomics 2018; 11:44. [PMID: 29739404 PMCID: PMC5941489 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-018-0366-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parental balanced reciprocal translocations can result in partial aneuploidies in the offspring due to unbalanced meiotic segregation during gametogenesis. Herein, we report the phenotypic and molecular cytogenetic characterization of a 2 years and 4 months old female child with partial trisomy 7q22 → qter. This is the first such reported case resulting from a parental balanced translocation involving the long arms of chromosomes 7 and 14. The phenotype of the proband was compared with that of previously reported cases of trisomy 7q21 → qter or 7q22 → qter resulting from parental balanced translocations. Case presentation The proband was born pre-term to a 34-year-old mother with a history of two first trimester miscarriages and an early infant death. She was referred at the age of 8 months for genetic evaluation due to prenatal and postnatal growth retardation, developmental delay and multiple congenital anomalies. On clinical evaluation, she had craniofacial dysmorphic features such as scaphocephaly, large anterior fontanelle with open posterior fontanelle, prominent occiput, triangular face, high forehead, hypertelorism, down slanting eyes, flat nasal bridge, small nose, low set ears, micro-retrognathia, high arched palate and short neck. Cranial computerized tomography scan showed lateral ventriculomegaly with features of early cerebral atrophy. Conventional cytogenetic analysis showed the karyotype 46,XX,der(14)t(7;14)(q22;q32)mat in the proband due to an unbalanced segregation of a maternal balanced translocation t(7;14)(q22;q32). Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis confirmed the partial trisomy 7q22 → qter in the proband with a minimal loss of genetic material on chromosome 14. Single nucleotide polymorphism array further confirmed the duplication on chromosome 7q22.1 → qter and a small terminal deletion on chromosome 14q32.3 → qter. Conclusion We report the longest-surviving child with trisomy 7q22 → qter due to a parental balanced translocation between chromosomes 7 and 14. Clinical features observed in the proband were consistent with the consensus phenotype of partial trisomy 7q22 → qter reported in the scientific literature. Early diagnosis of these patients using molecular cytogenetic techniques is important for establishing the precise diagnosis and for making decisions pertaining to the prognostication and management of affected individuals. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12920-018-0366-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Paththinige
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka. .,Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Anuradhapura, 50008, Sri Lanka.
| | - N D Sirisena
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - U G I U Kariyawasam
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - R C Ediriweera
- Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
| | - P Kruszka
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - M Muenke
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, The National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - V H W Dissanayake
- Human Genetics Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Kynsey Road, Colombo, 00800, Sri Lanka
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