1
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Bałdyga N, Oziębło D, Gan N, Furmanek M, Leja ML, Skarżyński H, Ołdak M. The Genetic Background of Hearing Loss in Patients with EVA and Cochlear Malformation. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14020335. [PMID: 36833263 PMCID: PMC9957411 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The most frequently observed congenital inner ear malformation is enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA). It is often accompanied with incomplete partition type 2 (IP2) of the cochlea and a dilated vestibule, which together constitute Mondini malformation. Pathogenic SLC26A4 variants are considered the major cause of inner ear malformation but the genetics still needs clarification. The aim of this study was to identify the cause of EVA in patients with hearing loss (HL). Genomic DNA was isolated from HL patients with radiologically confirmed bilateral EVA (n = 23) and analyzed by next generation sequencing using a custom HL gene panel encompassing 237 HL-related genes or a clinical exome. The presence and segregation of selected variants and the CEVA haplotype (in the 5' region of SLC26A4) was verified by Sanger sequencing. Minigene assay was used to evaluate the impact of novel synonymous variant on splicing. Genetic testing identified the cause of EVA in 17/23 individuals (74%). Two pathogenic variants in the SLC26A4 gene were identified as the cause of EVA in 8 of them (35%), and a CEVA haplotype was regarded as the cause of EVA in 6 of 7 patients (86%) who carried only one SLC26A4 genetic variant. In two individuals with a phenotype matching branchio-oto-renal (BOR) spectrum disorder, cochlear hypoplasia resulted from EYA1 pathogenic variants. In one patient, a novel variant in CHD7 was detected. Our study shows that SLC26A4, together with the CEVA haplotype, accounts for more than half of EVA cases. Syndromic forms of HL should also be considered in patients with EVA. We conclude that to better understand inner ear development and the pathogenesis of its malformations, there is a need to look for pathogenic variants in noncoding regions of known HL genes or to link them with novel candidate HL genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Bałdyga
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School of Translational Medicine, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dominika Oziębło
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nina Gan
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School of Translational Medicine, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Furmanek
- Bioimaging Research Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin L. Leja
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Henryk Skarżyński
- Oto-Rhino-Laryngology Surgery Clinic, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Ołdak
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-356-03-66
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2
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Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct: Disease Characterization and Exploration of Potential Prognostic Factors for Cochlear Implantation. Otol Neurotol 2022; 43:e563-e570. [PMID: 35261386 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000003518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There is an unmet need to match the anticipated natural history of hearing loss (HL) in enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) with clinical management strategies. The objectives of this study are therefore to provide a detailed case characterization of an EVA cohort and explore the relationship between candidate prognostic factors and timing of cochlear implant (CI) surgery. STUDY DESIGN A multicenter retrospective review of patients diagnosed with EVA. SETTING Patient data recruitment across three CI centers in the UK. PATIENTS One hundred fifty patients with a radiological diagnosis of EVA from January 1995 to January 2021. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Age at audiological candidacy for CI and age at first implant surgery. RESULTS EVA was predominately a bilateral condition (144/ 150) with increased prevalence in women (M:F, 64:86). 51.7% of patients failed new-born hearing screening, with 65.7% having HL diagnosed by 1 year. Initial moderate to severe and severe to profound HL were reported most frequently. In 123 patients, median age that audiological candidacy for CI was met for at least one ear was 2.75 years. Median age at first CI was 5 years (140/150).Pendred syndrome (confirmed in 73 patients) and ethnicity, were not significantly associated with earlier CI surgery. Multivariate linear regression demonstrated that male patients have first CI surgery significantly earlier than females (coefficient -0.43, 95% CI [-0.82, -0.05), p-value = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS This large UK EVA cohort provides evidence that patients should be closely monitored for CI candidacy within the first 3 years of life. Significantly, male gender is emerging as an independent prognostic factor for earlier assessment and first CI surgery.
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3
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Roesch S, Rasp G, Sarikas A, Dossena S. Genetic Determinants of Non-Syndromic Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct: A Review. Audiol Res 2021; 11:423-442. [PMID: 34562878 PMCID: PMC8482117 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres11030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing loss is the most common sensorial deficit in humans and one of the most common birth defects. In developed countries, at least 60% of cases of hearing loss are of genetic origin and may arise from pathogenic sequence alterations in one of more than 300 genes known to be involved in the hearing function. Hearing loss of genetic origin is frequently associated with inner ear malformations; of these, the most commonly detected is the enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA). EVA may be associated to other cochleovestibular malformations, such as cochlear incomplete partitions, and can be found in syndromic as well as non-syndromic forms of hearing loss. Genes that have been linked to non-syndromic EVA are SLC26A4, GJB2, FOXI1, KCNJ10, and POU3F4. SLC26A4 and FOXI1 are also involved in determining syndromic forms of hearing loss with EVA, which are Pendred syndrome and distal renal tubular acidosis with deafness, respectively. In Caucasian cohorts, approximately 50% of cases of non-syndromic EVA are linked to SLC26A4 and a large fraction of patients remain undiagnosed, thus providing a strong imperative to further explore the etiology of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Roesch
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Gerd Rasp
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria; (S.R.); (G.R.)
| | - Antonio Sarikas
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Silvia Dossena
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-(0)662-2420-80564
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4
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Smits JJ, de Bruijn SE, Lanting CP, Oostrik J, O'Gorman L, Mantere T, Cremers FPM, Roosing S, Yntema HG, de Vrieze E, Derks R, Hoischen A, Pegge SAH, Neveling K, Pennings RJE, Kremer H. Exploring the missing heritability in subjects with hearing loss, enlarged vestibular aqueducts, and a single or no pathogenic SLC26A4 variant. Hum Genet 2021; 141:465-484. [PMID: 34410491 PMCID: PMC9035008 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02336-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in SLC26A4 have been associated with autosomal recessive hearing loss (arHL) and a unilateral or bilateral enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA). SLC26A4 is the second most frequently mutated gene in arHL. Despite the strong genotype–phenotype correlation, a significant part of cases remains genetically unresolved. In this study, we investigated a cohort of 28 Dutch index cases diagnosed with HL in combination with an EVA but without (M0) or with a single (M1) pathogenic variant in SLC26A4. To explore the missing heritability, we first determined the presence of the previously described EVA-associated haplotype (Caucasian EVA (CEVA)), characterized by 12 single nucleotide variants located upstream of SLC26A4. We found this haplotype and a delimited V1-CEVA haplotype to be significantly enriched in our M1 patient cohort (10/16 cases). The CEVA haplotype was also present in two M0 cases (2/12). Short- and long-read whole genome sequencing and optical genome mapping could not prioritize any of the variants present within the CEVA haplotype as the likely pathogenic defect. Short-read whole-genome sequencing of the six M1 cases without this haplotype and the two M0/CEVA cases only revealed previously overlooked or misinterpreted splice-altering SLC26A4 variants in two cases, who are now genetically explained. No deep-intronic or structural variants were identified in any of the M1 subjects. With this study, we have provided important insights that will pave the way for elucidating the missing heritability in M0 and M1 SLC26A4 cases. For pinpointing the pathogenic effect of the CEVA haplotype, additional analyses are required addressing defect(s) at the RNA, protein, or epigenetic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen J Smits
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne E de Bruijn
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis P Lanting
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap Oostrik
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Luke O'Gorman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tuomo Mantere
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Laboratory of Cancer Genetics and Tumor Biology, Cancer and Translational Medicine Research Unit and Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Frans P M Cremers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Roosing
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Helger G Yntema
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Erik de Vrieze
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronny Derks
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Hoischen
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Radboud Expertise Center for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation and Center for Infectious Disease (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoert A H Pegge
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kornelia Neveling
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald J E Pennings
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Hannie Kremer
- Hearing and Genes, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Internal Postal Code 855, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. .,Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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5
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Honda K, Griffith AJ. Genetic architecture and phenotypic landscape of SLC26A4-related hearing loss. Hum Genet 2021; 141:455-464. [PMID: 34345941 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02311-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mutations of coding regions and splice sites of SLC26A4 cause Pendred syndrome and nonsyndromic recessive hearing loss DFNB4. SLC26A4 encodes pendrin, a transmembrane exchanger of anions and bases. The mutant SLC26A4 phenotype is characterized by inner ear malformations, including an enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA), incomplete cochlear partition type II and modiolar hypoplasia, progressive and fluctuating hearing loss, and vestibular dysfunction. A thyroid iodine organification defect can lead to multinodular goiter and distinguishes Pendred syndrome from DFNB4. Pendred syndrome and DFNB4 are each inherited as an autosomal recessive trait caused by biallelic mutations of SLC26A4 (M2). However, there are some EVA patients with only one detectable mutant allele (M1) of SLC26A4. In most European-Caucasian M1 patients, there is a haplotype that consists of 12 variants upstream of SLC26A4, called CEVA (Caucasian EVA), which acts as a pathogenic recessive allele in trans to mutations affecting the coding regions or splice sites of SLC26A4. This combination of an M1 genotype with the CEVA haplotype is associated with a less severe phenotype than the M2 genotype. The phenotype in EVA patients with no mutant alleles of SLC26A4 (M0) has a very low recurrence probability and is likely to be caused by other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Honda
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrew J Griffith
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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6
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Molina-Ramírez LP, Burkitt-Wright EM, Saeed H, McDermott JH, Kyle C, Wright R, Campbell C, Bhaskar SS, Taylor A, Dutton L, Forde C, Metcalfe K, Smith A, Clayton-Smith J, Douzgou S, Chandler K, Briggs TA, Banka S, Newman WG, Gokhale D, Bruce IA, Black GC. The diagnostic utility of clinical exome sequencing in 60 patients with hearing loss disorders: A single-institution experience. Clin Otolaryngol 2021; 46:1257-1262. [PMID: 34171171 DOI: 10.1111/coa.13826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leslie P Molina-Ramírez
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Emma Mm Burkitt-Wright
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Haroon Saeed
- Paediatric ENT Department, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - John H McDermott
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Claire Kyle
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Ronnie Wright
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher Campbell
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sanjeev S Bhaskar
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Algy Taylor
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura Dutton
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Claire Forde
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Kay Metcalfe
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Audrey Smith
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Jill Clayton-Smith
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Sofia Douzgou
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Kate Chandler
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Tracy A Briggs
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Siddharth Banka
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - William G Newman
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - David Gokhale
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Iain A Bruce
- Paediatric ENT Department, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine, Health University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Graeme C Black
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, St. Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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7
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Hu CJ, Lu YC, Yang TH, Chan YH, Tsai CY, Yu IS, Lin SW, Liu TC, Cheng YF, Wu CC, Hsu CJ. Toward the Pathogenicity of the SLC26A4 p.C565Y Variant Using a Genetically Driven Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2789. [PMID: 33801843 PMCID: PMC8001573 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22062789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recessive variants of the SLC26A4 gene are globally a common cause of hearing impairment. In the past, cell lines and transgenic mice were widely used to investigate the pathogenicity associated with SLC26A4 variants. However, discrepancies in pathogenicity between humans and cell lines or transgenic mice were documented for some SLC26A4 variants. For instance, the p.C565Y variant, which was reported to be pathogenic in humans, did not exhibit functional pathogenic consequences in cell lines. To address the pathogenicity of p.C565Y, we used a genotype-based approach in which we generated knock-in mice that were heterozygous (Slc26a4+/C565Y), homozygous (Slc26a4C565Y/C565Y), and compound heterozygous (Slc26a4919-2A>G/C565Y) for this variant. Subsequent phenotypic characterization revealed that mice with these genotypes demonstrated normal auditory and vestibular functions, and normal inner-ear morphology and pendrin expression. These findings indicate that the p.C565Y variant is nonpathogenic for mice, and that a single p.C565Y allele is sufficient to maintain normal inner-ear physiology in mice. Our results highlight the differences in pathogenicity associated with certain SLC26A4 variants between transgenic mice and humans, which should be considered when interpreting the results of animal studies for SLC26A4-related deafness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Ju Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Program in Speech and Hearing Bioscience and Technology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ying-Chang Lu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hua Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
| | - Yen-Hui Chan
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Tsai
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
| | - I-Shing Yu
- Transgenic Mouse Models Core (TMMC), Division of Genomic Medicine, Research Center for Medical Excellence, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (I-S.Y.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Transgenic Mouse Models Core (TMMC), Division of Genomic Medicine, Research Center for Medical Excellence, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (I-S.Y.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Tien-Chen Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
| | - Yen-Fu Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Veteran General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Chi Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Jen Hsu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan; (C.-J.H.); (Y.-C.L.); (T.-H.Y.); (Y.-H.C.); (C.-Y.T.); (T.-C.L.); (C.-J.H.)
- Department of Otolaryngology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 427, Taiwan
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8
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Qi M, Lai H, Xu L, Zeng F, Zhang J, Xie K. Pregestational screening of hereditary deafness genes carriers in 10,684 normal pregnant women in Zhuzhou, China. Birth Defects Res 2021; 113:605-612. [PMID: 33470562 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in genes associated with deafness differ between ethnic groups and regions in China. In this study, we investigated the genes associated with deafness in pregnant women to analyze the distribution of mutations leading to deafness in Zhuzhou, China. METHODS A total of 10,684 pregnant women were enrolled in this study. DNA samples were collected to detect the 14 common mutations in deafness genes (at 108 sites). RESULTS Prevalence of mutations in deafness genes in pregnant women with normal hearing in Zhuzhou was 4.92% (526/10,684). Among these 526 pregnant women with deafness gene mutations, the frequencies of mutated GJB2, GJB3, SLC26A4, and mtDNA 12S rRNA were 40.11, 7.22, 40.68, and 11.98%, respectively. The hotspots for mutations in the deafness genes were: c.235delC in GJB2 (31.18%), c.919-2A > G in SLC26A4 (18.44%), c.299_300delAT in GJB2 (5.70%), m.7444G > A in mtDNA 12S rRNA (5.70%), c.1229C > T in SLC26A4 (5.51%), m.1555A > G in mtDNA 12S rRNA (5.32%), accounting for 71.85%. Moreover, husbands of the 526 pregnant women who carried the deafness gene mutations were also included in the analysis to detect deafness gene mutations. Among the 526 husbands, 23 husbands carried mutations in deafness genes, accounting for 4.37%. The deafness gene mutations of the husbands and pregnant wives were not the same. In addition, the results of the neonatal follow-up hearing tests were all normal. CONCLUSION Our study identified the prevalence of mutations in GJB2, SLC26A4, mtDNA 12S rRNA, and GJB3 genes in pregnant women from Zhuzhou, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Qi
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Huimin Lai
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Lili Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Fanhua Zeng
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Kaili Xie
- Department of Obstetrics, Zhuzhou Central Hospital and The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College CSU, Zhuzhou, China
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9
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Saeed HS, Kenth J, Black G, Saeed SR, Stivaros S, Bruce IA. Hearing Loss in Enlarged Vestibular Aqueduct: A Prognostic Factor Systematic Review of the Literature. Otol Neurotol 2021; 42:99-107. [PMID: 33026783 DOI: 10.1097/mao.0000000000002843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a need to highlight individual prognostic factors determining hearing loss in enlarged (wide) vestibular aqueduct, as currently clinicians cannot counsel parents about the expected clinical course, nor provide individualized hearing rehabilitation plans following identification at newborn screening. We apply a novel methodology to specifically outline and assess the accuracy of prognostic factors reporting for hearing loss in enlarged vestibular aqueduct. DATA SOURCES A preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses compliant systematic review (Prospero ID: CRD42019151199), with searches applied to Medline, EMBASE, and Cochrane. Studies with longitudinal design were included between 1995 and 2019. STUDY SELECTION The CHARMS-PF tool was used to assess robustness of prognostic factor study designs. DATA EXTRACTION The QUIPS tool was used to assess for individual study risk of bias. DATA SYNTHESIS & RESULTS Seventy papers were suitable for data extraction. In the six studies with low risk of bias, the domains of enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) morphology, age, hearing thresholds, sex, head trauma, and genotype provided exploratory prognostic factors for hearing loss associated with enlarged vestibular aqueduct. Overall, study heterogeneity and risk of bias precluded reporting by forest plots and meta-analysis. CONCLUSIONS The majority of exploratory prognostic factor studies for hearing loss associated with enlarged vestibular aqueduct are hampered by risk of bias. However, this systematic review identifies potential independent prognostic factors which should be measured, and adjusted for, in subsequent confirmatory studies utilizing multivariate analysis. This would determine the true independent prognostic effects associated with hearing loss in enlarged vestibular aqueduct, while facilitating prognostic model development and the ability to predict individual hearing loss trajectory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Shakeel Saeed
- Paediatric ENT, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester, UK
| | | | - Graeme Black
- Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, St Mary's Hospital
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester
| | - Shakeel R Saeed
- University College London Ear Institute and University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London
| | - Stavros Stivaros
- Department of Paediatric Radiology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Iain A Bruce
- Paediatric ENT, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester, UK
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10
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Zhou C, Zou X, Peng C, Gao G, Guo Z. A novel genotyping technique for discriminating LVAS-associated high-frequency variants in SLC26A4 gene. AMB Express 2020; 10:166. [PMID: 32930899 PMCID: PMC7492351 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01102-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of biological and epidemiological evidence suggests that c.919-2A > G and c.2168A > G variants of solute carrier family 26, member 4 (SLC26A4) gene play a critical role in the development of large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS). In this study, we developed a rapid genotyping method for discriminating LVAS-associated high-frequency variants in SLC26A4 gene. The genotyping technique consists of 3' terminal exonuclease-resistant phosphorothioate-modified allele specific primer extension mediated by exo+ polymerase. In PCR amplification by Pfu polymerase, allelic specific primers perfectly matching wild type allele were extended while no specific products were yielded from primers targeting variant allele. Similarly, allelic specific primers perfectly matching variant allele were extended and no specific products were observed from primers targeting wild type allele. The clinical application of 3' terminal phosphorothioate-modified allele specific primer extension mediated by Pfu polymerase identified both homozygous for SLC26A4 gene c.919-2A > G variant in two patients clinically diagnosed as LVAS by temporal bone CT scan. The genetic results from this method are consistent with that of DNA sequencing. The data suggest that exo+ polymerase-mediated 3' terminal phosphorothioate-modified primer extension is reliable in the identification of SLC26A4 gene high-frequency variant prior to high-resolution CT scan. The method is extremely suitable for quickly molecular etiologic screening and early diagnosis and aggressive prevention therapy of LVAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangman Zou
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Cuiying Peng
- Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Guoqiang Gao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zifen Guo
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China. .,Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
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11
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Li M, Nishio SY, Naruse C, Riddell M, Sapski S, Katsuno T, Hikita T, Mizapourshafiyi F, Smith FM, Cooper LT, Lee MG, Asano M, Boettger T, Krueger M, Wietelmann A, Graumann J, Day BW, Boyd AW, Offermanns S, Kitajiri SI, Usami SI, Nakayama M. Digenic inheritance of mutations in EPHA2 and SLC26A4 in Pendred syndrome. Nat Commun 2020; 11:1343. [PMID: 32165640 PMCID: PMC7067772 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15198-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) is one of the most commonly identified inner ear malformations in hearing loss patients including Pendred syndrome. While biallelic mutations of the SLC26A4 gene, encoding pendrin, causes non-syndromic hearing loss with EVA or Pendred syndrome, a considerable number of patients appear to carry mono-allelic mutation. This suggests faulty pendrin regulatory machinery results in hearing loss. Here we identify EPHA2 as another causative gene of Pendred syndrome with SLC26A4. EphA2 forms a protein complex with pendrin controlling pendrin localization, which is disrupted in some pathogenic forms of pendrin. Moreover, point mutations leading to amino acid substitution in the EPHA2 gene are identified from patients bearing mono-allelic mutation of SLC26A4. Ephrin-B2 binds to EphA2 triggering internalization with pendrin inducing EphA2 autophosphorylation weakly. The identified EphA2 mutants attenuate ephrin-B2- but not ephrin-A1-induced EphA2 internalization with pendrin. Our results uncover an unexpected role of the Eph/ephrin system in epithelial function. While biallelic mutations of the SLC26A4 gene cause non-syndromic hearing loss with enlarged vestibular aqueducts or Pendred syndrome, a considerable number of patients carry mono-allelic mutations. Here the authors identify EPHA2 as another causative gene of Pendred syndrome with SLC26A4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengnan Li
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Shin-Ya Nishio
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Chie Naruse
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Meghan Riddell
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Sabrina Sapski
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Tatsuya Katsuno
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takao Hikita
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Fatemeh Mizapourshafiyi
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Fiona M Smith
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Leanne T Cooper
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Min Goo Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Masahide Asano
- Institute of Laboratory Animals, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thomas Boettger
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Marcus Krueger
- Institute for Genetics and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Astrid Wietelmann
- MRI and µCT Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Scientific Service Group Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site - Rhine-Main, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bryan W Day
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Andrew W Boyd
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kitajiri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Usami
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Masanori Nakayama
- Laboratory for Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany. .,DFG Research Training Group, Membrane Plasticity in Tissue Development and Remodeling, GRK 2213, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany. .,Kumamoto University International Research Center for Medical Scinece, Kumamoto, Japan.
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