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Stefania K, Ashok KK, Geena PV, Katarina P, Isak D. TMAO enhances TNF-α mediated fibrosis and release of inflammatory mediators from renal fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9070. [PMID: 38643262 PMCID: PMC11032383 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58084-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite and TNF-α is proinflammatory cytokine, both known to be associated with renal inflammation, fibrosis and chronic kidney disease. However, today there are no data showing the combined effect of TMAO and TNF-α on renal fibrosis-and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate whether TMAO can enhance the inflammatory and fibrotic effects of TNF-α on renal fibroblasts. We found that the combination of TNF-α and TMAO synergistically increased fibronectin release and total collagen production from renal fibroblasts. The combination of TMAO and TNF-α also promoted increased cell proliferation. Both renal proliferation and collagen production were mediated through Akt/mTOR/ERK signaling. We also found that TMAO enhanced TNF-α mediated renal inflammation by inducing the release of several cytokines (IL-6, LAP TGF-beta-1), chemokines (CXCL-6, MCP-3), inflammatory-and growth mediators (VEGFA, CD40, HGF) from renal fibroblasts. In conclusion, we showed that TMAO can enhance TNF-α mediated renal fibrosis and release of inflammatory mediators from renal fibroblasts in vitro. Our results can promote further research evaluating the combined effect of TMAO and inflammatory mediators on the development of kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kapetanaki Stefania
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden.
- Nephrology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Solna, Sweden.
- Nephrology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kumawat Kumar Ashok
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
| | | | - Persson Katarina
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Demirel Isak
- School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Campus USÖ, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden
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2
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Erazo-Oliveras A, Muñoz-Vega M, Salinas ML, Wang X, Chapkin RS. Dysregulation of cellular membrane homeostasis as a crucial modulator of cancer risk. FEBS J 2024; 291:1299-1352. [PMID: 36282100 PMCID: PMC10126207 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes serve as an epicentre combining extracellular and cytosolic components with membranous effectors, which together support numerous fundamental cellular signalling pathways that mediate biological responses. To execute their functions, membrane proteins, lipids and carbohydrates arrange, in a highly coordinated manner, into well-defined assemblies displaying diverse biological and biophysical characteristics that modulate several signalling events. The loss of membrane homeostasis can trigger oncogenic signalling. More recently, it has been documented that select membrane active dietaries (MADs) can reshape biological membranes and subsequently decrease cancer risk. In this review, we emphasize the significance of membrane domain structure, organization and their signalling functionalities as well as how loss of membrane homeostasis can steer aberrant signalling. Moreover, we describe in detail the complexities associated with the examination of these membrane domains and their association with cancer. Finally, we summarize the current literature on MADs and their effects on cellular membranes, including various mechanisms of dietary chemoprevention/interception and the functional links between nutritional bioactives, membrane homeostasis and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Mónica Muñoz-Vega
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Michael L. Salinas
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Center for Environmental Health Research; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
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3
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Yang Z, Sun L, Chen H, Sun C, Xia L. New progress in the treatment of diffuse midline glioma with H3K27M alteration. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24877. [PMID: 38312649 PMCID: PMC10835306 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diffuse midline glioma with H3K27 M alteration is a primary malignant tumor located along the linear structure of the brain, predominantly manifesting in children and adolescents. The mortality rate is exceptionally high, with a mere 1 % 5-year survival rate for newly diagnosed patients. Beyond conventional surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, novel approaches are imperative to enhance patient prognosis. This article comprehensively reviews current innovative treatment modalities and provides updates on the latest research advancements in preclinical studies and clinical trials focusing on H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma. The goal is to contribute positively to clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, 325035, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Liang Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, 325035, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Haibin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, 325035, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Caixing Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, 325035, Zhejiang province, China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cancer Hospital of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, China
- Postgraduate Training Base Alliance of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou, 325035, Zhejiang province, China
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4
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Trisal SR, Low G, Pathan F, Gangadharan Komala M. Kidney Adverse Events Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023; 18:843-849. [PMID: 36999976 PMCID: PMC10356161 DOI: 10.2215/cjn.0000000000000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The blockade of immune regulatory sites, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), and programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) with immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized survival outcomes in patients with cancer. However, immune checkpoint inhibitors are associated with a range of immune-related adverse events. The aim of this network meta-analysis was to evaluate severe adverse kidney events in patients with oncological or hematological malignancy receiving monotherapy, dual therapy, or combined therapy treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors when compared with either placebo or standard chemotherapy. METHODS Phase 3 randomized control trials reporting severe grade (3-5) adverse kidney events were identified across five electronic databases from inception to May 2022. This was supplemented with hand searching of medical journals and the National Clinical Trials registry. A Bayesian network meta-analysis was performed for AKI, hypertension, CKD, and the composite of all acute kidney adverse events. The results are reported as per the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Ninety-five randomized control trials reported severe grade adverse kidney events. The risk of developing severe AKI is higher among patients who received PD-1 plus chemotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% credible interval [CrI], 1.4 to 2.5) and PD-L1 plus chemotherapy (OR, 1.8; 95% CrI, 1.2 to 2.7) compared with standard chemotherapy and placebo (94 studies, 63,357 participants). The risk of developing the composite of all severe acute kidney adverse events is higher among patients who received PD-1 plus chemotherapy (OR, 1.6; 95% CrI, 1.1 to 2.3) and PD-L1 plus chemotherapy (OR, 1.7; 95% CrI, 1.1 to 2.8) when compared with standard chemotherapy and placebo (95 studies, 63,973 participants). CONCLUSIONS The combined regimen of PD-1 plus chemotherapy and PD-L1 plus chemotherapy was associated with higher incidence of severe AKI and the composite of all severe acute kidney adverse events. PODCAST This article contains a podcast at https://dts.podtrac.com/redirect.mp3/www.asn-online.org/media/podcast/CJASN/2023_07_10_CJN0000000000000160.mp3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehjar R. Trisal
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney Nepean Clinical School, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Gary Low
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney Nepean Clinical School, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Faraz Pathan
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney Nepean Clinical School, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Muralikrishna Gangadharan Komala
- Department of Medicine, University of Sydney Nepean Clinical School, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Nephrology, Nepean Hospital, Kingswood, New South Wales, Australia
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Hou L, Liu X. Immunotherapy and Immune Infiltration in Patients with Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Comprehensive Analysis. Genet Res (Camb) 2023; 2023:3898610. [PMID: 37065178 PMCID: PMC10101751 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3898610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
On a global scale, renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the second most common form of cancer and the 10th leading cause of cancer-related deaths. There are about 70% of cases of RCC that are clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs). This study explores possible targets for immune therapy in patients with RCC. In the recent years, immunotherapy has been applied to RCC patients. In order to identify genes that are closely associated with immune cells, a weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was conducted. A close association was found between genes involved in MEred and M0 macrophages, M1 macrophages, and M2 macrophages. A prognostic prediction model is subsequently developed by incorporating the OS and the expression level of key genes from the RCC cohort into a univariate COX regression analysis, a multivariate COX regression analysis, and a combined COX regression analysis. We finally discovered that 6 genes are closely associated with the prognosis of RCC patients, including SLC16A12, SLC2A9, IGF2BP2, EMX2, ANK3, and METTL7A. The survival analysis proved the prognostic prediction value of the model. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year AUC of ROC curves are 0.759, 0.723, and 0.733, respectively. For clinical ROC curves, the AUC score for risk score, stage, grade, and T stage is 0.759, 0.824, 0722, and 0.736, respectively. The nomogram was constructed for better prognosis prediction of RCC patients. In addition, GSVA and GO enrichment analysis was performed to explore the potential pathways that are closely associated with genes involved in the prognostic prediction model. Accordingly, our study demonstrates that immune cells play a crucial role in RCC infiltration. The development of a prognostic prediction model is a potential new prognostic biomarker and potential immunotherapy target for tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hou
- Operating Room, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, West China School of Nursing, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- Operating Room, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, West China School of Nursing, Chengdu, China
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6
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Therapeutic targets and biomarkers of tumor immunotherapy: response versus non-response. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:331. [PMID: 36123348 PMCID: PMC9485144 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01136-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancers are highly complex diseases that are characterized by not only the overgrowth of malignant cells but also an altered immune response. The inhibition and reprogramming of the immune system play critical roles in tumor initiation and progression. Immunotherapy aims to reactivate antitumor immune cells and overcome the immune escape mechanisms of tumors. Represented by immune checkpoint blockade and adoptive cell transfer, tumor immunotherapy has seen tremendous success in the clinic, with the capability to induce long-term regression of some tumors that are refractory to all other treatments. Among them, immune checkpoint blocking therapy, represented by PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors (nivolumab) and CTLA-4 inhibitors (ipilimumab), has shown encouraging therapeutic effects in the treatment of various malignant tumors, such as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma. In addition, with the advent of CAR-T, CAR-M and other novel immunotherapy methods, immunotherapy has entered a new era. At present, evidence indicates that the combination of multiple immunotherapy methods may be one way to improve the therapeutic effect. However, the overall clinical response rate of tumor immunotherapy still needs improvement, which warrants the development of novel therapeutic designs as well as the discovery of biomarkers that can guide the prescription of these agents. Learning from the past success and failure of both clinical and basic research is critical for the rational design of studies in the future. In this article, we describe the efforts to manipulate the immune system against cancer and discuss different targets and cell types that can be exploited to promote the antitumor immune response.
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Pippin JW, Kaverina N, Wang Y, Eng DG, Zeng Y, Tran U, Loretz CJ, Chang A, Akilesh S, Poudel C, Perry HS, O’Connor C, Vaughan JC, Bitzer M, Wessely O, Shankland SJ. Upregulated PD-1 signaling antagonizes glomerular health in aged kidneys and disease. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e156250. [PMID: 35968783 PMCID: PMC9374384 DOI: 10.1172/jci156250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
With an aging population, kidney health becomes an important medical and socioeconomic factor. Kidney aging mechanisms are not well understood. We previously showed that podocytes isolated from aged mice exhibit increased expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) surface receptor and its 2 ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2). PDCD1 transcript increased with age in microdissected human glomeruli, which correlated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate and higher segmental glomerulosclerosis and vascular arterial intima-to-lumen ratio. In vitro studies in podocytes demonstrated a critical role for PD-1 signaling in cell survival and in the induction of a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. To prove PD-1 signaling was critical to podocyte aging, aged mice were injected with anti-PD-1 antibody. Treatment significantly improved the aging phenotype in both kidney and liver. In the glomerulus, it increased the life span of podocytes, but not that of parietal epithelial, mesangial, or endothelial cells. Transcriptomic and immunohistochemistry studies demonstrated that anti-PD-1 antibody treatment improved the health span of podocytes. Administering the same anti-PD-1 antibody to young mice with experimental focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) lowered proteinuria and improved podocyte number. These results suggest a critical contribution of increased PD-1 signaling toward both kidney and liver aging and in FSGS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuliang Wang
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, and
| | | | - Yuting Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Uyen Tran
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Anthony Chang
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Shreeram Akilesh
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Chetan Poudel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hannah S. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | - Joshua C. Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics and
| | - Markus Bitzer
- Division of Nephrology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Oliver Wessely
- Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stuart J. Shankland
- Division of Nephrology
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Curran CS, Kopp JB. RAGE pathway activation and function in chronic kidney disease and COVID-19. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:970423. [PMID: 36017003 PMCID: PMC9395689 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.970423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The multi-ligand receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands are contributing factors in autoimmunity, cancers, and infectious disease. RAGE activation is increased in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). CKD may increase the risk of COVID-19 severity and may also develop in the form of long COVID. RAGE is expressed in essentially all kidney cell types. Increased production of RAGE isoforms and RAGE ligands during CKD and COVID-19 promotes RAGE activity. The downstream effects include cellular dysfunction, tissue injury, fibrosis, and inflammation, which in turn contribute to a decline in kidney function, hypertension, thrombotic disorders, and cognitive impairment. In this review, we discuss the forms and mechanisms of RAGE and RAGE ligands in the kidney and COVID-19. Because various small molecules antagonize RAGE activity in animal models, targeting RAGE, its co-receptors, or its ligands may offer novel therapeutic approaches to slowing or halting progressive kidney disease, for which current therapies are often inadequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S. Curran
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jeffrey B. Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, NIDDK (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Guiteras J, Crespo E, Fontova P, Bolaños N, Gomà M, Castaño E, Bestard O, Grinyó JM, Torras J. Dual Costimulatory and Coinhibitory Targeting with a Hybrid Fusion Protein as an Immunomodulatory Therapy in Lupus Nephritis Mice Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158411. [PMID: 35955542 PMCID: PMC9369380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a complex autoimmune disorder mostly mediated by B-cells in which costimulatory signals are involved. This immune dysregulation can cause tissue damage and inflammation of the kidney, resulting in lupus nephritis and chronic renal failure. Given the previous experience reported with CTLA4-Ig as well as recent understanding of the PD-1 pathway in this setting, our group was encouraged to evaluate, in the NZBWF1 model, a human fusion recombinant protein (Hybri) with two domains: CTLA4, blocking the CD28—CD80 costimulatory pathway, and PD-L2, exacerbating the PD-1–PD-L2 coinhibitory pathway. After achieving good results in this model, we decided to validate the therapeutic effect of Hybri in the more severe MRL/lpr model of lupus nephritis. The intraperitoneal administration of Hybri prevented the progression of proteinuria and anti-dsDNA antibodies to levels like those of cyclophosphamide and reduced the histological score, infiltration of B-cells, T-cells, and macrophages and immune deposition in both lupus-prone models. Additionally, Hybri treatment produced changes in both inflammatory-related circulating cytokines and kidney gene expression. To summarize, both in vivo studies revealed that the Hybri effect on costimulatory-coinhibitory pathways may effectively mitigate lupus nephritis, with potential for use as a maintenance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Guiteras
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (P.F.)
- Fundació Bosch i Gimpera, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Crespo
- Experimental Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Laboratory, Nephrology Department, Vall d’Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (N.B.); (O.B.)
| | - Pere Fontova
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (P.F.)
| | - Nuria Bolaños
- Experimental Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Laboratory, Nephrology Department, Vall d’Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (N.B.); (O.B.)
| | - Montse Gomà
- Pathology Department, Bellvitge University Hospital, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Esther Castaño
- Centres Científics i Tecnològics, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Oriol Bestard
- Experimental Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Laboratory, Nephrology Department, Vall d’Hebrón University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (E.C.); (N.B.); (O.B.)
| | - Josep M. Grinyó
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.G.); (J.T.)
| | - Joan Torras
- Experimental Nephrology Laboratory, Institut d’Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge (IDIBELL), L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain; (J.G.); (P.F.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Bellvitge Campus, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, University of Barcelona, 08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (J.M.G.); (J.T.)
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10
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Zhou L, Ye Z, Zhang E, Chen L, Hou Y, Lin J, Huang F, Yuan Z. Co-Delivery of Dexamethasone and Captopril by α8 Integrin Antibodies Modified Liposome-PLGA Nanoparticle Hybrids for Targeted Anti-Inflammatory/Anti-Fibrosis Therapy of Glomerulonephritis. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1531-1547. [PMID: 35388271 PMCID: PMC8978694 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s347164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Mesangial cells-mediated glomerulonephritis refers to a category of immunologically mediated glomerular injuries characterized by infiltration of circulating inflammatory cells, proliferation of mesangial cells, and the common pathological manifestation to the later stage is renal fibrosis, accompanied by excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Treatment regimens include glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents, but their off-target distribution causes severe systemic toxicity. Hence, specific co-delivery of “anti-inflammatory/anti-fibrosis” drugs to the glomerular mesangial cell (MC) region is expected to produce better therapeutic effects. Methods A novel kidney-targeted nanocarrier drug delivery system targeting MCs was constructed using passive targeting resulting from the difference in pore size between the glomerular endothelial layer and the basement membrane, and active targeting based on the specific binding of antibodies and antigens. Specifically, a liposome-nanoparticle hybrid (PLGA-LNHy) was formed by coating the surface of PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) with a phospholipid bilayer, and then PLGA-LNHy was co-modified with PEG and α8 integrin antibodies to obtain PLGA immunoliposomes (PLGA-ILs). Results The results showed that the obtained NPs had a core-shell structure, uniform and suitable particle size (119.1 ± 2.31 nm), low cytotoxicity, and good mesangial cell-entry ability, which can successfully accumulate in the glomerular MC region. Both dexamethasone (DXMS) and captopril (CAP) were loaded onto PLGA-ILs with a drug loading of 10.22 ± 1.00% for DXMS and 6.37 ± 0.25% for CAP (DXMS/CAP@PLGA-ILs). In vivo pharmacodynamics showed that DXMS/CAP@PLGA-ILs can effectively improve the pathological changes in the mesangial area and positive expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in glomeruli as well as reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, fibrotic factors and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Thus, renal inflammation and fibrosis were relieved. Conclusion We have provided a strategy to increase nanoparticle accumulation in MCs with the potential to implement regulatory effects of anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis in glomerulonephritis (GN).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zhou
- Department of Osteoporosis, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenyan Ye
- School of Clinical Medical; Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - E Zhang
- Officers college of PAP, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Osteoporosis, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yitong Hou
- Department of Osteoporosis, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - JuChun Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fenglan Huang
- Department of Osteoporosis, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Fenglan Huang, Email
| | - Zhixiang Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
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11
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Curran CS, Kopp JB. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Mechanisms Affecting Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:782199. [PMID: 35237156 PMCID: PMC8882872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.782199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that binds diverse endogenous and xenobiotic ligands, which regulate AHR stability, transcriptional activity, and cell signaling. AHR activity is strongly implicated throughout the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Many diverse organic molecules bind and activate AHR and these ligands are reported to either promote glomerular and tubular damage or protect against kidney injury. AHR crosstalk with estrogen, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, and NF-κB pathways may contribute to the diversity of AHR responses during the various forms and stages of CKD. The roles of AHR in kidney fibrosis, metabolism and the renin angiotensin system are described to offer insight into CKD pathogenesis and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen S. Curran
- Critical Care Medicine Department, Clinical Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Colleen S. Curran,
| | - Jeffrey B. Kopp
- Kidney Disease Section, NIDDK, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Chen Q, Kuai Y, Wang S, Zhu X, Wang H, Liu W, Cheng L, Yang D. Deep Learning-Based Classification of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition for Predicting Response to Therapy in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:782515. [PMID: 35141144 PMCID: PMC8819137 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.782515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) profoundly impacts prognosis and immunotherapy of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). However, not every patient is tested for EMT status because this requires additional genetic studies. In this study, we developed an EMT gene signature to classify the H&E-stained slides from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) into epithelial and mesenchymal subtypes, then we trained a deep convolutional neural network to classify ccRCC which according to our EMT subtypes accurately and automatically and to further predict genomic data and prognosis. The clinical significance and multiomics analysis of the EMT signature was investigated. Patient cohorts from TCGA (n = 252) and whole slide images were used for training, testing, and validation using an algorithm to predict the EMT subtype. Our approach can robustly distinguish features predictive of the EMT subtype in H&E slides. Visualization techniques also detected EMT-associated histopathological features. Moreover, EMT subtypes were characterized by distinctive genomes, metabolic states, and immune components. Deep learning convolutional neural networks could be an extremely useful tool for predicting the EMT molecular classification of ccRCC tissue. The underlying multiomics information can be crucial in applying the appropriate and tailored targeted therapy to the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiwei Chen
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- School of Information Science and Technology of Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Kuai
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shujing Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinqing Zhu
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Wenlong Liu
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Deyong Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Wen L, Tong F, Zhang R, Chen L, Huang Y, Dong X. The Research Progress of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Enhancing Radiotherapy Efficacy. Front Oncol 2021; 11:799957. [PMID: 34956911 PMCID: PMC8695847 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.799957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 60%–70% of patients with malignant tumours require radiotherapy. The clinical application of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as anti-PD-1/PD-L1, has revolutionized cancer treatment and greatly improved the outcome of a variety of cancers by boosting host immunity.However, radiotherapy is a double-edged sword for PD-1/PD-L immunotherapy. Research on how to improve radiotherapy efficacy using PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor is gaining momentum. Various studies have reported the survival benefits of the combined application of radiotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor. To fully exerts the immune activation effect of radiotherapy, while avoiding the immunosuppressive effect of radiotherapy as much as possible, the dose selection, segmentation mode, treatment timing and the number of treatment sites of radiotherapy play a role. Therefore, we aim to review the effect of radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 on the immune system and its optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Tong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ruiguang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingjuan Chen
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaorong Dong
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Tao L, Zhang H, An G, Lan H, Xu Y, Ge Y, Yao J. Balancing the Risk-Benefit Ratio of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor and Anti-VEGF Combination Therapy in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:739263. [PMID: 34722290 PMCID: PMC8552014 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.739263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR)-targeted therapy and sunitinib monotherapy have been widely applied to metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), effectiveness and safety data are still lacking. To optimize clinical decision-making, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized clinical trials to characterize the efficacy and the risk of adverse events (AEs) in patients treated with ICIs plus anti-VEGF therapy. Materials and Methods We used PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to retrieve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published before March 27, 2021. The efficacy outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and objective response rate (ORR). The pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of AEs were calculated in the safety analysis. Results Six RCTs involving 4,227 patients were identified after a systematic search. For OS, ICI and anti-VEGF combination therapy decreased mortality approximately 30% in the intention-to-treat population (ITT) (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.57–0.87), but there was no statistical difference in patients evaluated as “favorable” by the International Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) criteria compared with monotherapy (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.55–1.46, p = 0.66). In terms of PFS, the progression risk for all participants declined 35% (HR = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.50–0.83) and patients evaluated as “poor” by IMDC benefited further (HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.36–0.58). No evident divergence was found in age and sex subgroups. The RRs of all-grade hypertension, arthralgia, rash, proteinuria, high-grade (grades 3–5) arthralgia, and proteinuria developed after combination therapy were increased compared with sunitinib. The risk of high-grade hypertension and rash showed no statistical difference. However, the risk of hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), stomatitis, and dysgeusia decreased in combination therapy groups. Conclusions Compared with sunitinib, OS, PFS, and ORR were significantly improved in patients receiving ICI and anti-VEGF combination therapy at the expense of increased specific AEs. More attention should be paid to individualized application of these combination therapies to achieve the best benefit-risk ratio in the clinic. Systematic Review Registration [https://inplasy.com/] INPLASY: 202130104.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyu An
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoning Lan
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaoqi Xu
- Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Ge
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiannan Yao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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