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Fitriah M, Rahmawati LD, Wulanda IA, Susianti H, Tambunan BA. The Discrepancy of ANA and Compartment Bead Patterns Suggestive of a Neuropsychiatry Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (NPSLE). Case Rep Psychiatry 2023; 2023:5260208. [PMID: 37928319 PMCID: PMC10622596 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5260208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) exhibits neurological and psychiatric manifestations in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, which NPSLE diagnosis can be challenging for rheumatologists. An Indonesian female, 44 years old, complained of two times seizures with 10-min duration, which during seizures were stiff, eyes rolled up, foaming at the mouth, wet the bed, and fainting afterward. The patient also has a history of SLE and received cyclophosphamide therapy 5 years ago. Her clinical condition showed facial and lingual palsy, with central type on the right. Antinuclear antibody indirect immunofluorescence (ANA IF) positive using cytobead ANA with a homogenous pattern and cytoplasmic speckled titer 1/80. Confirmation beads showed positive of dsDNA only. ANA profile showed positive antinucleosome, antihistone, and AMA-M2, and also increased anticardiolipin antibody that supports the diagnosis of NPSLE. The difference in the pattern of ANA IF with confirmation beads suggests the presence of other autoantibodies in NPSLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munawaroh Fitriah
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga—Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Lita Diah Rahmawati
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas University—Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Indah Adhita Wulanda
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University—Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Hani Susianti
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University—Dr Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Betty Agustina Tambunan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga—Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
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Recurrent panic attack and bilateral hippocampus lesions as main manifestation in an autoimmune encephalitis associated with primary biliary cirrhosis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2020; 133:369-371. [PMID: 31929372 PMCID: PMC7004610 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Golub D, Williams F, Wong T, Iyengar N, Jolley H, Sabadiah S, Rhee D, Gold-von Simson G. A Longitudinally Extensive Spinal Cord Lesion Restricted to Gray Matter in an Adolescent Male. Front Neurol 2019; 10:270. [PMID: 30949125 PMCID: PMC6435483 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions (LECL) restricted to gray matter are poorly understood as are their neurodevelopmental repercussions in children. We herein report the critical case of a 13-year-old male presenting with progressive quadriparesis found to have cervical LECL restricted to the anterior horns. Challenged with a rare diagnostic dilemma, the clinical team systematically worked through potential vascular, genetic, infectious, rheumatologic, and paraneoplastic diagnoses before assigning a working diagnosis of acute inflammatory myelopathy. Nuanced consideration of and workup for both potential ischemic causes (arterial dissection, fibrocartilaginous embolism, vascular malformation) and specific inflammatory conditions including Transverse Myelitis, Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders (NMOSD), Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis (ADEM), and Acute Flaccid Myelitis (AFM) is explained in the context of a comprehensive systematic review of the literature on previous reports of gray matter-restricted longitudinally extensive cord lesions in children. Treatment strategy was ultimately based on additional literature review of treatment-refractory acute inflammatory neurological syndromes in children. A combination of high-dose steroids and plasmapheresis was employed with significant improvement in functional outcome, suggesting a potential benefit of combination immune-modulatory treatment in these patients. This case furthermore highlights quality clinical reasoning with respect to the elusive nature of diagnosis, nuances in neuroimaging, and multifocal treatment strategies in pediatric LECL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Golub
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Faith Williams
- School of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States
| | - Taylor Wong
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Nishanth Iyengar
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hannah Jolley
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sakinah Sabadiah
- Department of Neurology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - David Rhee
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Gabrielle Gold-von Simson
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Health and Hospitals, Clinical Translational Science Institute, New York University, New York, NY, United States
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Lindsey M, Harrison N, Bridges J, Blossom J, Kishore S, Majithia V. A Brain Ring-Enhancing Lesion. Am J Med Sci 2018; 356:304-308. [PMID: 30049410 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2018.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) presents a diagnostic challenge as there is no unified pathophysiological process driving its presentation. Case reports are limited in detailing manifestations and outcomes of NPSLE. This case highlights a unique presentation of NPSLE and discusses challenges associated with diagnosis. A 27-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus presented with altered mentation. Initial laboratory results and computed tomography of the brain were unremarkable, but magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed ring-enhancing lesions reported as NCC. This led to an extensive infectious disease evaluation, but ultimately there was no evidence of infection. The patient was diagnosed with NPSLE; treatment with intravenous glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide led to dramatic clinical improvement. Repeat brain magnetic resonance imaging showed resolution of the ringed lesions. This case illustrates the importance of thorough evaluation in immunocompromised patients and warns of the risk of anchoring bias that can lead to diagnostic delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Lindsey
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Nancy Harrison
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - John Bridges
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | | | - Shweta Kishore
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Vikas Majithia
- University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
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