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Bartholomew V, Hundley V, Clark CJ, Parris BA. The RETHINK Study: Could pain catastrophising explain why some women are more likely to attend hospital during the latent phase of labour. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2024; 39:100941. [PMID: 38104503 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2023.100941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the prevalence of pain catastrophising and identify whether it impacts on the timing of hospital admission when in labour. METHODS A longitudinal cohort study. Nulliparous women, experiencing an uncomplicated pregnancy in England, were recruited between 25 and 33 weeks gestation. Participants completed two online questionnaires, (1) on recruitment, including the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (WDEQ-A) (2) at three weeks postnatal. RESULTS A total of 389 eligible participants entered the study. The percentage of women who were pain catastrophisers (PCS ≥ 20) was 28.1 %, while 7.6 % had a high pain catastrophising score (PCS ≥ 30). There was no association between pain catastrophising and the timing of hospital admission. The percentage of women reporting fear of childbirth (WDEQ-A score of ≥ 85) was 10.6 %. Fear of childbirth was highly associated with PCS scores (p <.001) at both the lower (≥20) and higher (≥30) thresholds. CONCLUSION Although not statistically significant, there was a tendency for women who pain catastrophise to present to hospital in the latent phase. The highly significant association between PCS and WDEQ-A scores has implications for the identification of these women and suggests that the PCS can be used as a screening tool to identify those women who have heightened fear around pain and who may also go on to develop clinically relevant fear of childbirth. Further studies are needed to confirm the acceptability of the PCS as a screening tool with women.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Bartholomew
- Centre for Midwifery & Women's Health, Bournemouth University, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth Gateway Building, St Paul's Lane, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, United Kingdom.
| | - V Hundley
- Centre for Midwifery & Women's Health, Bournemouth University, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth Gateway Building, St Paul's Lane, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, United Kingdom
| | - C J Clark
- Centre for Midwifery & Women's Health, Bournemouth University, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Bournemouth Gateway Building, St Paul's Lane, Bournemouth BH8 8GP, United Kingdom
| | - B A Parris
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole House P331, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole BH12 5BB, United Kingdom
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Childbirth, trauma and family relationships. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2023; 14:2157481. [PMID: 37052080 PMCID: PMC9848292 DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2022.2157481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Childbirth is a major life event with expected positive outcomes, yet for some women postnatal psychopathological symptoms may harm women's interpersonal relationships. We hypothesized that higher levels of postnatal depression, post-traumatic stress (PTSD) symptoms, and fear of childbirth would be associated with mother-baby bond disorders and relationship dissatisfaction in couples.Method: A cross-sectional self-report online questionnaire was used to survey partnered women who had delivered in the year prior to the study. We used a convenience sample of 228 women recruited through purposive and snowball sampling. Childbirth experience, PTSD symptoms, attachment style, depression, mother-baby bond disorders, and couple relationship dissatisfaction were measured.Results: Women with higher PTSD and postnatal depression scores reported higher levels of mother-baby bond disorders-a relationship fully mediated by postnatal depression symptoms. Women who perceived childbirth as fearful or anxiety provoking had higher levels of PTSD and postnatal depression symptoms. Fearful and anxious birth perception was positively associated with mother-baby bond disorders-an association partly mediated by PTSD symptoms. Insecure attachment style was not found to be significantly associated with fearful or anxious perceptions of childbirth.Limitations: Women who have postnatal PTSD/depression are less inclined to participate in a study of this nature. Also, online surveys prevented the use of clinical diagnoses of PTSD and depression.Discussion and conclusions: Our results suggest that PTSD and postnatal depression affect women's mental health and family bonding. Women should be assessed for negative traumatic birth experiences, PTSD, and depression, to allow targeted observation for psychopathologies and therapeutic interventions.
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González-de la Torre H, Hernández-Rodríguez MI, Moreno-Canino AM, Portela-Lomba AM, Berenguer-Pérez M, Verdú-Soriano J. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Perceptions of Empowerment in Midwifery Scale in the Spanish Context (PEMS-e). Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101464. [PMID: 37239750 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Midwifery empowerment is an important topic. The most widely used instrument to measure the perceived empowerment of midwives is the Perceptions of Empowerment in Midwifery Scale (PEMS), which has not been validated in Spain. The aim of this study was to translate and adapt the PEMS to the Spanish context. This research was carried out in two phases; Phase 1: Methodological study; translation, backtranslation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PEMS and pilot study on the target population (10 midwives) for evaluation of face validity. Phase 2: Cross-sectional observational study to obtain a sample for construct validation by Exploratory Factor Analysis and measurement of PEMS-e reliability. Additionally, an inferential analysis was carried out to study the possible association between several collected variables and PEMS-e subscale-scores. A total of 410 midwives from 18 Spanish regions participated in the study through an online questionnaire. An initial Spanish version of the PEMS scale was produced, demonstrating adequate face validity. A final model was produced for the PEMS-e, which included 17 items classified into two subscales ("Organizational support" and "Own skills and teamwork") with fit indexes RMSEA = 0.062 (95%CI: 0.048-0.065) and AGFI = 0.985 (95%CI: 0.983-0.989) and Cronbach's alpha 0.922 for the total scale. Results showed that one in four midwives had considered abandoning the profession in the last 6 months (p ≤ 0.001). This research suggests that Spanish midwives perceive their empowerment level as low. The PEMS-e is a valid tool with solid psychometric properties that can be used in future research to identify factors that contribute to increased empowerment among Spanish midwives and inform strategies to improve job satisfaction and retention in the profession.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor González-de la Torre
- Research Support Unit of Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, Avda Marítima del Sur S/N, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-Canary Islands, Spain
- Department of Nursing, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Edificio Ciencias de la Salud, C/Blas Cabrera Felipe s/n, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-Canary Islands, Spain
| | - María-Isabel Hernández-Rodríguez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, Avda Marítima del Sur S/N, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Alba-María Moreno-Canino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, Avda Marítima del Sur S/N, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ana-María Portela-Lomba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, Avda Marítima del Sur S/N, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria-Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Miriam Berenguer-Pérez
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante (UA), 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - José Verdú-Soriano
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante (UA), 03690 Alicante, Spain
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Khwepeya M, Chipojola R, Gondwe KW, Huang HC, Kuo SY. The Chichewa Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire: a factor analytic study for postpartum women in Malawi. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2022; 43:593-600. [PMID: 36194674 DOI: 10.1080/0167482x.2022.2126309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the validity and reliability of the Chichewa Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) in Malawian postpartum women. METHODS A cross-sectional study of postnatal women (N= 415) at 1 day after vaginal birth was conducted at a district hospital in Malawi. The W-DEQ, Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale were used to measure fear of birth (FOB), depressive symptoms and quality of life (QoL). Principal component analysis (PCA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), Cronbach's alpha, the average variance extracted (AVE) and the composite reliability (CR) and Pearson correlation were used to test the construct validity, reliability, convergent and divergent validity of the Chichewa W-DEQ (CW-DEQ). RESULTS The participants had a mean age of 28.3 ± 6.7 years. A multidimensional structure containing three factors - a lack of positive feelings, fear and concerns about childbirth - with an appropriate model fit was reported for the CW-DEQ version. The Cronbach's α of the CW-DEQ was 0.87. The AVE and CR values were highly acceptable in lack of positive feelings - 0.17 (0.68), and concerns about childbirth - 0.79 (0.88) factors which proved the convergent validity of each; however, was marginally acceptable in the fear factor - 0.14 (0.53). Low range of correlations between the CW-DEQ constructs (r = 0.27 ∼ 0.42, p < .001), confirmed the divergent validity. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we found the CW-DEQ to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing FOB in postpartum women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalitso Khwepeya
- Chang Gung Medical Education Research Centre, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, ROC.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, ROC.,School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, ROC
| | - Roselyn Chipojola
- Public Health Department, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | - Hui-Chuan Huang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, ROC
| | - Shu-Yu Kuo
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, ROC
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Massae AF, Larsson M, Leshabari S, Mbekenga C, Pembe AB, Svanberg AS. Fear of childbirth: validation of the Kiswahili version of Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire versions A and B in Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:882. [PMID: 36447188 PMCID: PMC9707257 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-05134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of childbirth is common both before and after childbirth, often leading to complications in mother and new-born. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaires (W-DEQ) are commonly used to measure fear of childbirth among women before (version A) and after childbirth (version B). The tools are not yet validated in the Tanzanian context. This study aimed to validate the reliability, validity, and factorial structure of their Kiswahili translations. METHODS A longitudinal study was conducted in six public health facilities in the Pwani region, Tanzania. In all, 694 pregnant and 625 postnatal women were concurrently selected and responded to W-DEQ-A and W-DEQ-B. Validation involved: translating the English questionnaires into Kiswahili; expert rating of the relevancy of the Kiswahili versions' items; computing content validity ratio; piloting the tools; data collection; statistical analysis with reliability evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Tool validity was assessed using factor analysis, convergent and discriminant validity. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted on data collected using W-DEQ-A and W-DEQ-B, respectively. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed seven factors contributing to 50% of the total variation. Four items did not load to any factor and were deleted. The factors identified were: fear; lack of self-efficacy; lack of positive anticipation; isolation; concerns for the baby; negative emotions; lack of positive behaviour. The factors correlated differently with each other and with the total scores. Both Kiswahili versions with 33 items had good internal consistency, with Cronbach's alphas of .83 and .85, respectively. The concerns for the baby factor showed both convergent and discriminant validity. The other six factors showed some problems with convergent validity. The final model from the confirmatory factor analysis yielded 29 items with good psychometric properties (χ2/df = 2.26, p = < .001, RMSEA = .045, CFI = .90 and TLI = .81). CONCLUSIONS The Kiswahili W-DEQ-A-Revised and W-DEQ-B-Revised are reliable tools and measure fear of childbirth with a multifactorial structure, encompassing seven factors with 29 items. They are recommended for measuring fear of childbirth among pregnant and postnatal Tanzanian women. Further studies are needed to address the inconsistent convergent validity in the revised versions and assess the psychometric properties of W-DEQ-A among pregnant women across gestational ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes F. Massae
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden ,grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Community Health Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. BOX 65001, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Margareta Larsson
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sebalda Leshabari
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Community Health Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, P.O. BOX 65001, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Columba Mbekenga
- grid.442446.40000 0004 0648 0463Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hubert Kairuki Memorial University, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Andrea B. Pembe
- grid.25867.3e0000 0001 1481 7466Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Agneta S. Svanberg
- grid.8993.b0000 0004 1936 9457Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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A preliminary investigation into testing a transdiagnostic cognitive model of fear of childbirth (FOC): a multiple indicators multiple causes (MIMIC) model. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-04010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Bessadok A. Analyzing student aspirations factors affecting e-learning system success using a structural equation model. EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2022; 27:9205-9230. [PMID: 35370437 PMCID: PMC8964925 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
E-learning system success factors identification is of major interest in higher education. Understanding the role of students' aspirations factor affecting the success of the e-learning system is a challenge for most educational institutions. The present study aims to analyze the effects of students' aspirations factors in ensuring the success of the e-learning system through a developed research model extended from the integrated updated Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology and the DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model. The study participants who made up the model data sample were collected from 379 students engaged in the e-learning system at universities across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Students' aspirations are resumed in Motivation, Expectation, and Enjoyment factors. The structural equation model was used to analyze the main causes and effects that would guide students towards the use and success of the e-learning system. The study results showed the strong relationship between the students' aspirations factors (Motivation, Expectation, and Enjoyment) and the adoption factors (Intention to Use and Perceived Usefulness) that lead to increased students' confidence that e-learning adds value to their educational experience. In addition, results revealed the determining role of the effect of the Enjoyment factor on the benefits expected from the e-learning system process. Therefore, higher education institutions that aspire to benefit the most from the e-learning system should pay close attention to the aspirations of their students and enhance their enjoyment, and then redefine the "e" in e-learning as enjoy rather than simply electronic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Bessadok
- E-Learning and Distance Education Deanship, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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González-de la Torre H, Domínguez-Gil A, Padrón-Brito C, Rosillo-Otero C, Berenguer-Pérez M, Verdú-Soriano J. Validation and Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Fear of Childbirth Questionnaire (CFQ-e). J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071843. [PMID: 35407450 PMCID: PMC8999905 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The fear of childbirth is a topical concern, yet the issue has barely been studied in Spain, and only one fear of childbirth measurement instrument has been validated in the country. The aim of this study was to translate, adapt and validate the Fear of Childbirth Questionnaire (CFQ) for use in Spain, as well as to describe and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of this instrument. In a first phase, a methodological study was carried out (translation–backtranslation and cross-cultural adaptation), and pilot study was carried out in the target population. In addition, content validation of the instrument was obtained (CFQ-e) from 10 experts. In the second phase, a cross-sectional study was carried out at several centres in Gran Canaria Island to obtain a validation sample. The evaluation of the psychometric properties of the CFQ-e, including construct validity through exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, the calculation of reliability via factor consistency using the ORION coefficients as well as alpha and omega coefficients were carried out. The CFQ-e showed evidence of content validity, adequate construct validity and reliability. The CFQ-e is composed of 37 items distributed in four subscales or dimensions: “fear of medical interventions”; “fear of harm and dying”; “fear of pain” and “fears relating to sexual aspects and embarrassment”. The CFQ-e constitutes a valid and reliable tool to measure the fear of childbirth in the Spanish pregnant population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor González-de la Torre
- Research Unit, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Nursing School La Palma, University of La Laguna, 38200 San Cristóbal de La Laguna, Spain
- Correspondence: (H.G.-d.l.T.); (J.V.-S.)
| | - Adela Domínguez-Gil
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (C.P.-B.); (C.R.-O.)
| | - Cintia Padrón-Brito
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (C.P.-B.); (C.R.-O.)
| | - Carla Rosillo-Otero
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Insular Maternal and Child University Hospital Complex of Gran Canaria, Canary Health Service, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; (A.D.-G.); (C.P.-B.); (C.R.-O.)
| | - Miriam Berenguer-Pérez
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
| | - José Verdú-Soriano
- Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine, Public Health and History of Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain;
- Correspondence: (H.G.-d.l.T.); (J.V.-S.)
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Conrad MS, Trachtenberg E. Personality traits, childbirth expectations, and childbirth experiences: a prospective study. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2021:1-14. [PMID: 34878348 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2021.2009451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study investigated the role of multiple psychological factors in predicting women's subjective birthing experiences. METHODS An online prospective survey methodology was conducted with women in the US who had never before given birth. Participants (N = 101) completed surveys regarding their personality traits, childbirth fear, and childbirth self-efficacy in their third trimester of pregnancy (range 28-40 weeks gestation). After giving birth (range 5-50 days post birth), participants (N = 58) completed a measure of subjective childbirth experience. RESULTS Significant correlations were found between personality traits, childbirth fear, childbirth self-efficacy, and subjective childbirth experience. Neuroticism, fear, and self-efficacy were all correlated with childbirth experiences. However, regression analysis indicated that only childbirth fear significantly predicted subjective childbirth experiences. CONCLUSIONS While previous research has looked at the relationships between personality and expectations or personality and experiences separately, the current findings underscore the importance of including all variables in order to get the most effective picture of the relationships among these variables. The results from the current study can inform methods of identifying women at-risk for negative birth expectations and inform interventions aimed at reducing negative childbirth experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan S Conrad
- Department of Psychology, William Paterson University, Wayne, NJ, USA
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Personality impacts fear of childbirth and subjective birth experiences: A prospective-longitudinal study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258696. [PMID: 34731209 PMCID: PMC8565718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research suggests that less emotionally stable, less conscientious, less extraverted, and less agreeable women tend to suffer from higher fear of childbirth and experience their delivery as worse. Moreover, there is evidence that birth characteristics and unexpected incidents during delivery may impact women’s birth experiences. However, it remains unknown whether the role of personality in subjective birth experiences varies between women with different birth characteristics. Methods We used data from the Maternal Anxiety in Relation to Infant Development (MARI) Study, a regional-epidemiological study among pregnant women, who were prospectively followed up in multiple waves across the peripartum period. During pregnancy, personality was assessed with the short version of the Big Five Inventory. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/ Experience Questionnaire was used to measure fear of childbirth (version A) during pregnancy and subjective birth experiences (version B) within the first 10 days after delivery. Results Linear regressions revealed that lower levels of emotional stability, agreeableness, and extraversion predicted higher fear of childbirth during pregnancy. Moreover, personality affected subjective birth experiences especially in women with specific birth characteristics: Lower emotional stability predicted worse subjective birth experiences in women with (vs. without) a preterm delivery, and higher conscientiousness predicted worse subjective birth experiences in women with an emergency cesarean section (vs. spontaneous delivery). Subjective birth experiences were also worse in less emotionally stable and less open women with (general) anesthesia (vs. no anesthesia) during delivery. Finally, higher emotional stability predicted a subjective birth experience that was worse than expected, particularly in multiparous women and women without anesthesia during delivery. Conclusions These findings suggest that less emotionally stable, less conscientious, and less open women tend to experience their delivery as worse particularly in case of unexpected incidents (i.e., preterm delivery, emergency cesarean section, and necessity of anesthetics) and might thus profit from early targeted interventions.
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Lai THT, Kwok ST, Wang W, Seto MTY, Cheung KW. Fear of childbirth: Validation study of the Chinese version of Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire version A. Midwifery 2021; 104:103188. [PMID: 34749123 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2021.103188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fear of childbirth causes significant distress and impact on women's wellbeing. It contributed to the rising trend of non-medically indicated Caesarean births worldwide. The objective of this study was to translate and validate the Chinese version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (Version A) (W-DEQ-A), which is a comprehensive instrument for the assessment of fear of childbirth among antenatal women. METHODS The translated questionnaire was finalised after back-translation and review by an expert panel. Hong Kong Chinese women at an antenatal clinic completed the translated questionnaire, Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), and State-trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The reliability of the translated questionnaire was analysed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and intraclass correlation coefficient. Convergent validity was measured by Pearson's correlation between the W-DEQ-A and STAI or EPDS scores. The subscales of the questionnaire were determined using exploratory factor analysis. RESULTS One hundred and fifty women completed the study. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and test-retest reliability of the Chinese version were 0.907 and 0.867, respectively. Convergent validity was demonstrated by the moderate correlation between the translated W-DEQ-A and STAI or EPDS. Exploratory factor analysis of the W-DEQ-A revealed a multi-dimensional structure with four factors: sense of isolation, moment of birth, negative emotion, and lack of positive self-evaluation. Using a standard cut-off of 85, 11.3% of women were found to suffer from fear of childbirth. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (Version A) is a reliable and valid instrument to measure antenatal fear of childbirth among Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Hei Tung Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Shuk Tak Kwok
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Weilan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Mimi Tin Yan Seto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ka Wang Cheung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Mary Hospital, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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The prevalence and predictors of fear of childbirth among pregnant Chinese women: a hierarchical regression analysis. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2021; 21:643. [PMID: 34551755 PMCID: PMC8456556 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04123-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) occurs before, during and after pregnancy and is harmful to both the pregnant woman and the fetus. Identifying the prevalence and predictors of FOC can help us generate strategies for alleviating women’s FOC. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among a convenience sample of 646 pregnant women receiving antenatal care at a subordinate hospital of a university in China. Data were collected using a basic information form, the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire, the Childbirth Self-Efficacy Inventory, and the 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. The minimum and maximum total scores of the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire are 16 and 64, respectively, with higher scores reflecting a greater degree of FOC. We conducted hierarchical regression analysis to explore the predictors of FOC and used a structural equation model to further examine the direct and indirect associations between FOC, resilience and childbirth self-efficacy. Results The total prevalence of FOC was 67.1%. The percentages of women with mild (score of 28–39), moderate (40–51), and severe FOC (52–64) were 45.4, 19.5, and 2.2%, respectively. The average score on the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire was 32.49, indicating mild FOC. The final regression analysis revealed six variables predicting FOC that explained 64.5% of the variance in FOC: age, gestational age, parity, spousal support, resilience, and childbirth self-efficacy. Furthermore, childbirth self-efficacy mediated the relationship between resilience and FOC, and the mediation effect rate was 53.5%. Conclusions A high prevalence of FOC among pregnant Chinese women was found in this study. Age, gestational age, parity, spousal support, resilience, and childbirth self-efficacy were predictors of FOC. It is suggested that healthcare professionals should pay close attention to FOC and implement targeted interventions in accordance with these predictors, especially resilience and childbirth self-efficacy.
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Souto SPAD, Prata AP, Albuquerque RSD, Almeida S. Psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire in pregnant women. Health Care Women Int 2021; 45:603-620. [PMID: 34283010 DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2021.1932892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The researchers' aim is to examine the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire version A (WDEQ-A). Data from 669 pregnant Portuguese women was collected between June and October of 2019. From the initial 33-item Portuguese version of the WDEQ-A, a 27-item instrument was developed. Five-factor solution explained 63.8% of the total variance. The factors defined by the researchers were: fear/lack of self-efficacy, loneliness, negative appraisal, lack of positive anticipation and concern for the child. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.934. The European Portuguese version of the WDEQ-A is a reliable and valid tool to measure fear of childbirth on both nulliparous and multiparous women and can be a useful tool for cross-cultural research. Moreover, researchers support the use of this tool in clinical practice to recognize and address fearful women during prenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Patrícia Arantes do Souto
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health: Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Paula Prata
- CINTESIS - Center for Health Technology and Services Research, Escola Sperior de Enfermagem do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Sofia Almeida
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Health: Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Católica Psortuguesa, Porto, Portugal
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Yetwale A, Melkamu E. Fear of Childbirth and Associated Factors Among Pregnant Mothers Who Attend Antenatal Care Service at Jinka Public Health Facilities, Jinka Town, Southern Ethiopia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHILDBIRTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1891/ijcbirth-d-20-00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDWomen face many challenges from conception to postpartum, and fear of childbirth is one of the challenges the women encounter during pregnancy. This could have resulted from different perspectives and it could in turn lead to various pregnancy and childbirth problems. Thus, understanding childbirth fear and factors associated with this is of paramount importance and this study was aimed at addressing this issue.METHODOLOGYA facility-based cross-sectional study was done on 423 pregnant mothers who came for antenatal care services at Jinka hospital and Jinka health center. The study was conducted from June 1to 30, 2018. The sample size was calculated using the single population proportion formula and samples were taken after proportional allocation was done for the hospital and health center using the proportion allocation formula. Individual participants were selected with a systematic sampling technique using k-value of 2 for both the hospital and health center and the first participant was selected by the lottery method from the first two samples. Data were entered into epi-data version 3.1.1. and exported into statistical packages for social sciences version 21.0 for cleaning and further analysis. The level of significance was declared at a p value of less than 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression model. Narratives, figures, and tables were used to put the result.RESULTFrom 423 samples, two of the questionnaires were incomplete and thus 421 were used for analysis giving a response rate of 99.5%. Around a quarter of 102 (24.2%) mothers had fear of childbirth and the remaining 319 (75.8%) had no fear of childbirth. From the factors under consideration, history of previous pregnancy complications, previous history of labor and delivery complications, educational status, and depression status were significantly associated with a mother's fear of childbirth.CONCLUSIONEven though it is physiological to have some fear of childbirth, the figure obtained is relatively higher. Factors found to have a significant effect on childbirth fear are those which could be tackled through improved health literacy and integrated maternal health services.
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Weigl T, Garthus-Niegel S. [Questionnaires for the Assessment of Birth Expectancy and Birth Experience (Part 2 of a series on psychological assessment during the peripartum period)]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2021; 225:392-396. [PMID: 34058777 DOI: 10.1055/a-1471-7714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Giving birth is an intense experience and typically accompanied by severe pain. In addition to medical complications, subjective factors are likely to affect the birth experience. These include previous experiences with pregnancy and birth, previous traumatic experiences as well as birth expectations. Various questionnaires allow a standardized assessment of birth expectations and the birth experience. However, to date there is no questionnaire available in the German language that is based on diagnostic symptoms of birth-related posttraumatic stress disorder. Furthermore, current screening-tools were developed for women while men's perspectives have been neglected in research on the parental birth experience. Nonetheless, questionnaires seem to be well suited for the assessment of the birth experience of both mothers and fathers. In this way, support services could be expanded, since parents sometimes report a negative birth experience even in medically uncomplicated births. Along with the goal of enabling parents to have a positive birth experience, the prevention of the development of subclinical or even full-blown posttraumatic stress disorder after birth also plays an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Weigl
- Psychology School, Hochschule Fresenius - University of Applied Sciences, Düsseldorf, Deutschland
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Fakultät Medizin, MSH Medical School Hamburg - University of Applied Sciences and Medical University, Hamburg, Deutschland.,Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin, TU Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
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16
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Onchonga D, Várnagy Á, Amer F, Viktoria P, Wainaina P. Translation and validation of the Swahili version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire version A (W-DEQ-A). SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2021; 29:100626. [PMID: 33971430 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2021.100626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal fear of childbirth is a common health concern that negatively affects the emotional wellbeing of women during pregnancy. Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire version A (W-DEQ-A) is used extensively to measure fear of childbirth during pregnancy. Nevertheless, previous studies have not evaluated its psychometric characteristics among the Swahili-speaking pregnant women. Therefore, the aim was to translate and test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire into Swahili as the popular language in Kenya. METHODS In the current descriptive cross-sectional study, the W-DEQ-A, together with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were administered to a group of 628 pregnant women to explore the dimensionality of W-DEQ-A using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), respectively. RESULTS EFA and CFA of the Swahili version of W-DEQ-A identified five-factor loadings: lack of self-efficacy, fear, negative emotions, negative appraisal, and social isolation. However, this model failed to support the unidimensional structure of the original W-DEQ-A. The Swahili version of the W-DEQ-A correlated well with EPDS and BAI at acceptable levels. The Cronbach alpha values of the subscales ranged from 0.867 to 0.967, an indication of an excellent internal consistency of the instrument. CONCLUSION The current study findings provide support for the Swahili version of the W-DEQ-A to be considered as a valid and reliable measuring tool for the fear of childbirth among Swahili-speaking pregnant women in Kenya, and the entire East and Central African region. Also, due to its multidimensional structure, the original W-DEQ-A should not be used in its original form.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Onchonga
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs-Hungary, Hungary.
| | - Ákos Várnagy
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs-Hungary, Hungary
| | - Faten Amer
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs-Hungary, Hungary
| | - Prémusz Viktoria
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs-Hungary, Hungary
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Reliability and validity study of the Spanish adaptation of the "Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire" (W-DEQ-A). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248595. [PMID: 33740006 PMCID: PMC7978360 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ-A) is an instrument that evaluates fear of childbirth through the expectations of women in relation to childbirth and their experience during the birth. The objective of this study was to translate the W-DEQ-A into Spanish and analyse its reliability and validity. The study was carried out in two phases: (1) adapting the questionnaire to Spanish and (2) a transversal study in a sample of 273 pregnant women in the Sexual and Reproductive Health centres in the Metropolitan Northern Barcelona in Catalonia (Spain). The psychometric properties were analysed in terms of reliability and construct validity. The confirmatory factorial analysis did not confirm the unidimensionality of the original structure of the WDEQ-A, as happened with the other studies in which it has previously been validated. The result of the exploratory factorial analysis suggests four factors, or dimensions, very similar but not identical to those obtained in other analysis studies of the W-DEQ-A. The Cronbach alpha and the omega scale were also adequate for all the scales and for each of the dimensions. The results of this study confirm the findings of other studies that suggest that the W-DEQ-A is multi-dimensional. In the Spanish version of the W-DEQ-A four dimensions have been identified to explore fear of childbirth in pregnant women. The Spanish version of the WDEQ-A (WDEQ-A-Sp) is reliable and valid for the measurement of fear of childbirth in clinical practice and for use in future research.
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Factors associated with fear of childbirth among Polish pregnant women. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4397. [PMID: 33623084 PMCID: PMC7902668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83915-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of our study was to elucidate the association between obstetric and psychological factors and fear of childbirth (FOC) during the third trimester of pregnancy and to identify women at risk of severe FOC in Poland. An additional goal of the study was to verify the Polish version of the Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ) and to establish its psychometric characteristics. Cross-sectional study with a total of 359 women recruited during routine visits to an antenatal clinic in Poland during the third trimester (≥ 27 weeks gestation). The survey included obstetric details (parity, obstetric history and preferred mode of delivery), and standardized psychological measures: the W-DEQ (fear of childbirth) and the EPDS (depressive symptoms). We demonstrated the satisfactory psychometric properties of the Polish version of the W-DEQ. Our findings confirm the one-factor structure found by the authors of the original version of the scale. A greater FOC was reported by women with unplanned pregnancies, women whose preferred mode of delivery was a cesarean section, and women who had previously undergone psychiatric treatment. The risk factors for severe FOC were depression, unplanned pregnancy or parity, and disagreement with the birth plan proposed by the obstetrician. The W-DEQ is a widely used, valid instrument for the assessment of FOC in pregnant women and can be used in Poland. Findings support the key role of obstetric and psychological variables in predicting fear of childbirth.
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Martin C, Jones C, Marshall CA, Huang C, Reeve J, Fleming MP, König J, Jomeen J. Fear of childbirth measurement: appraisal of the content overlap of four instruments. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2020; 40:329-341. [DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2020.1861226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Colin Martin
- Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Catriona Jones
- Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Claire A. Marshall
- East Yorkshire Perinatal Mental Health Liaison Team, Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust, Hull, UK
| | - Chao Huang
- Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Joanne Reeve
- Academy of Primary Care, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Mick P. Fleming
- Faculty of Wellbeing, University College Isle of Man, Isle of Man, UK
| | - Julia König
- Department of Clinical and Biological Psychology, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany
| | - Julie Jomeen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, Australia
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20
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Jomeen J, Martin CR, Jones C, Marshall C, Ayers S, Burt K, Frodsham L, Horsch A, Midwinter D, O'Connell M, Shakespeare J, Sheen K, Thomson G. Tokophobia and fear of birth: a workshop consensus statement on current issues and recommendations for future research. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2020; 39:2-15. [PMID: 33206580 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2020.1843908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To discuss and develop a statement on the current state of the evidence and opinion in Fear of Childbirth (FoC) and Tokophobia (Tocophobia), and to provide recommendations. Background: A group met in 2019 to discuss the state of clinical and academic knowledge relating to FoC/Tokophobia. Five key areas were agreed as the focus of the meeting. Methods: 12 internationally acknowledged experts, in this or a closely related area (e.g. PTSD) met to discuss their understanding of the evidence for FoC/ Tokophobia and current practice. The consensus described in this paper constitutes the expression of the general opinion of the participants and does not necessarily imply unanimity. Keys points: Work focussed on tokophobia is recent and there remains a wide range of issues, which were addressed in the workshop including complexity in defining prevalence, a theoretical lack of understanding, which creates challenge for robust assessment and the identification of risk factors. An improved aetiological and developmental understanding of the tokophobia is required to underpin appropriate, effective and evidence-based interventions. Evaluation of pathways of care and relevant interventions, should be a focus of future research. Conclusion: Significant gaps remain within the FoC/tokophobia knowledge base. Further research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jomeen
- School of Health & Human Sciences, Southern Cross University , Bilinga, Australia.,Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull , Hull, UK
| | - C R Martin
- School of Health & Human Sciences, Southern Cross University , Bilinga, Australia.,Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull , Hull, UK.,School of Nursing and Allied Health, Buckinghamshire New University , High Wycombe, UK
| | - C Jones
- Institute for Clinical and Applied Health Research (ICAHR), University of Hull , Hull, UK
| | - C Marshall
- Perinatal Mental Health Team, Humber Teaching NHS Foundation Trust , Hull, UK
| | - S Ayers
- Centre for Maternal and Child Health Research, School of Health Sciences, City, University of London , London, UK
| | - K Burt
- Expert by Experience , UK
| | - L Frodsham
- Obstetric Medicine, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust , London, UK
| | - A Horsch
- Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare (IUFRS), University of Lausanne , Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department Woman-Mother-Child, University Hospital , Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - D Midwinter
- Maternity and Midwifery Services, North Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust , Scunthorpe, UK
| | - M O'Connell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland in Bahrain , Adliya, Bahrain
| | | | - K Sheen
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool, UK
| | - G Thomson
- Maternal and Infant Nutrition & Nurture Unit, School of Community Health & Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire , Lancashire, UK.,School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Dalarna University , Falun, Sweden
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Potentially traumatic events, fear of childbirth and posttraumatic stress disorder during pregnancy in Stockholm, Sweden: A cross-sectional study. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2020; 25:100516. [DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2020.100516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Khwepeya M, Huang HC, Lee GT, Kuo SY. Validation of the Wijma delivery expectancy/experience questionnaire for pregnant women in Malawi: a descriptive, cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:455. [PMID: 32770950 PMCID: PMC7414760 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03146-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fear of childbirth is a common health concern for women during pregnancy. The Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) is widely used to measure childbirth fear during pregnancy. However, this instrument is yet to be validated in Malawi, Africa. Our study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the W-DEQ questionnaire in Malawi. METHODS Healthy pregnant women in the third trimester (N = 476) at a district hospital in Malawi were included. Fear of childbirth, depressive symptoms, and quality of life were assessed using the W-DEQ, the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale, respectively. The construct validity, reliability, and convergent validity of the W-DEQ were examined using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, Cronbach's alpha, and Pearson correlations. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 28.2 (standard deviation = 6.8) years. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the Malawian version of the W-DEQ indicated a multidimensional structure with three factors: fear, negative appraisal, and a lack of self-efficacy, with acceptable goodness of model fit. The Malawian version of the W-DEQ showed a satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.84) and was significantly correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.23, p < 0.001) and quality of life (r = - 0.17 ~ -0.26, ps < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the Malawian W-DEQ version being a reliable and valid instrument for measuring childbirth fear in African women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalitso Khwepeya
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Maternity Department, Machinga District Hospital, Liwonde, Malawi
| | - Hui-Chuan Huang
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Gabrielle T Lee
- Applied Psychology, Faculty of Education, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Shu-Yu Kuo
- School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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The Effect of Hospital-Based Childbirth Classes on Women's Birth Preferences and Fear of Childbirth: A Pre- and Post-Class Survey. J Perinat Educ 2020; 29:134-142. [PMID: 32760182 DOI: 10.1891/j-pe-d-19-00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a hospital-based childbirth class on fear of childbirth, anticipation regarding the birth experience, birth preferences and perception of the birth experience among first-time mothers. Expectant mothers (N = 207) completed an investigator-designed questionnaire before and after attending a prenatal hospital-based childbirth class held in the hospital where they intended to give birth. Statistically, significant changes postintervention included a decrease in fearfulness and an increase in birth anticipation. Shifts also occurred in birth preferences. Data collected from an open-ended question revealed the participants' increased excitement about birth. Findings provide evidence that attending hospital-based childbirth classes may influence women's perceptions and preferences regarding birth.
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Marques GM, Nascimento DZ, Trevisol DJ, Iser BP. Instruments measuring pregnant women’s expectations of labor and childbirth: A systematic review. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 246:90-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2020.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Wahlbeck H, Kvist LJ, Landgren K. Art Therapy and Counseling for Fear of Childbirth: A Randomized Controlled Trial. ART THERAPY 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/07421656.2020.1721399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Happell B, Platania-Phung C, Scholz B, Bocking J, Horgan A, Manning F, Doody R, Hals E, Granerud A, Jan van der Vaart K, Allon J, Lahti M, Pulli J, Vatula A, Ellilä H, Griffin M, Russell S, MacGabhann L, Bjornsson E, Biering P. Assessment of the Opening Minds Scale for use with nursing students. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2019; 55:661-666. [PMID: 31169305 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Evaluate the validity of the Opening Minds Scale (OMS) for nursing students via Rasch models and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). DESIGN AND METHODS Undergraduate nursing student responses to OMS (n = 423). Validity was evaluated via CFA and Rasch analysis. FINDINGS CFA results were strongest for a three-factor 13-item version of OMS. Rasch modeling supported sound properties for two of three scales. Internal reliabilities ranged between 0.6 and 0.7. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS OMS has potential as a valid measure for stigma research and antistigma program evaluation. Rasch analysis suggest it is inappropriate to use a total OMS score for nursing student populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Happell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris Platania-Phung
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett Scholz
- ANU Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Woden, Canberra, Australia
| | - Julia Bocking
- School of Health Sciences, University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Aine Horgan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fionnuala Manning
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rory Doody
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elisabeth Hals
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hedmark, Norway
| | - Arild Granerud
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hedmark, Norway
| | | | - Jerry Allon
- Institute for Nursing Studies, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mari Lahti
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland.,Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jarmo Pulli
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland.,Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Annaliina Vatula
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland.,Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Ellilä
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland.,Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Martha Griffin
- School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Siobhan Russell
- School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Liam MacGabhann
- School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Einar Bjornsson
- Department of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Pall Biering
- Department of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Redshaw M, Martin CR, Savage-McGlynn E, Harrison S. Women's experiences of maternity care in England: preliminary development of a standard measure. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:167. [PMID: 31088487 PMCID: PMC6518811 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As maternity services evolve and the population of women served also changes, there is a continuing need to effectively document the views of women with recent experience of care. A woman's maternity experience can have a positive or negative effect upon her emotional well-being and health, in the immediate and the long-term, which can also impact the infant and the wider family system. Measuring women's perceptions of maternity services is an important way of monitoring the quality of care provision, as well as providing key indicators to organisations of the services that they are providing. It follows that, without information identifying possible areas in need of improvement, it is not clear what changes should be made to improve the experiences of women during their journey through maternity services from pregnancy to the early weeks at home with a new baby . The objective is to describe the development process and psychometric properties of a measure of women's experience of maternity care covering the three distinctly different phases of maternity - pregnancy, labour and birth, and the early postnatal period. METHODS Data from a national survey of women who had recently given birth (n = 504) were used. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analytic methods were employed. The measure was assessed for underlying latent factor structure, as well as for reliability, internal consistency, and validity (predictive, convergent and discriminant). RESULTS The models developed confirmed the use of three separate, but related scales about experience of maternity care during pregnancy, labour and birth and the postnatal period. Data reduction was effective, resulting in a measure with 36 items (12 per scale). CONCLUSION The need for a psychometrically robust and qualitatively comprehensive measure of women's experience of maternity care has been addressed in the development and validation of this prototype measure. The whole measure can be used at one time point, or the three separate subscales used as individual measures of experience during particular phases of the maternity journey with identified factor structures in their own right.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Redshaw
- Policy Research Unit in Maternal Health and Care, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK.
| | - Colin R Martin
- Policy Research Unit in Maternal Health and Care, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Emily Savage-McGlynn
- Policy Research Unit in Maternal Health and Care, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
| | - Sian Harrison
- Policy Research Unit in Maternal Health and Care, National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LF, UK
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Happell B, Platania-Phung C, Scholz B, Bocking J, Horgan A, Manning F, Doody R, Hals E, Granerud A, Lahti M, Pullo J, Vatula A, Ellilä H, van der Vaart KJ, Allon J, Griffin M, Russell S, MacGabhann L, Bjornsson E, Biering P. Nursing student attitudes to people labelled with 'mental illness' and consumer participation: A survey-based analysis of findings and psychometric properties. NURSE EDUCATION TODAY 2019; 76:89-95. [PMID: 30776534 DOI: 10.1016/j.nedt.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding student attitudes towards people diagnosed with mental illness is central to realising evidence-based nursing education and policy at an international level. Redressing stigmatised views can assist in preparing nursing students to work in mental health settings and support the active involvement of consumers in all aspects of mental health service delivery (known as: consumer participation) at individual and systemic levels. Accurate research on nursing student attitudes is dependent on the availability of valid and reliable measures. OBJECTIVES Using data from and international study, this research sought to: (1) evaluate two measures of nurse student attitudes, and (2) explore whether attitudes to people labelled with a diagnosis of mental illness and who use mental health services is associated with more positive attitudes to consumer participation in mental health services. DESIGN Self-report quantitative data gained via the Consumer Participation Questionnaire (CPQ) and Mental Health Nurse Education Survey (MHNES). SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS University nursing students in Australia and Western Europe. DATA Pooled CPQ and MHNES data from Australia, Ireland, Finland, Norway and the Netherlands. METHODS The MHNES and CPQ were evaluated via exploratory factor analysis and Rasch modelling. Hierarchical regression was applied to see whether attitudes to mental illness and mental health practice relate to attitudes to consumer participation after addressing demographic differences. RESULTS Refined MHNES scales demonstrated overall fit on Rasch models. Reliabilities for MHNES ranged from 0.82 to 0.73. Perceived value of mental health nursing to consumers and lower negative stereotypes were associated with positive attitudes to consumer participation independent of age, gender and country [F (9, 381) = 15.78, p < .001]. Students who considered mental health nursing made a valuable contribution represented the strongest association with a positive attitude towards consumer participation. CONCLUSIONS Differences in openness to consumer participation are partly attributable to views about people diagnosed with mental illness and the perception that mental health practice makes a positive difference to these people within health service contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Happell
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Chris Platania-Phung
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia.
| | - Brett Scholz
- ANU Medical School, College of Health and Medicine, The Australian National University, Woden, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Julia Bocking
- School of Health Sciences, University of Canberra, Faculty of Health, Australia.
| | - Aine Horgan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Fionnuala Manning
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Rory Doody
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Elisabeth Hals
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hedmark, Norway.
| | - Arild Granerud
- Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Hedmark, Norway.
| | - Mari Lahti
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing Science, Turku University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Jarmo Pullo
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing Science, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Annaliina Vatula
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing Science, Turku University, Turku, Finland
| | - Heikki Ellilä
- Turku University of Applied Sciences, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing Science, Turku University, Turku, Finland.
| | | | - Jerry Allon
- Institute for Nursing Studies, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Martha Griffin
- School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Siobhan Russell
- School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Liam MacGabhann
- School of Nursing & Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Einar Bjornsson
- Department of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
| | - Pall Biering
- Department of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.
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29
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Dencker A, Nilsson C, Begley C, Jangsten E, Mollberg M, Patel H, Wigert H, Hessman E, Sjöblom H, Sparud-Lundin C. Causes and outcomes in studies of fear of childbirth: A systematic review. Women Birth 2019; 32:99-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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König J. The German W-DEQ version B—Factor structure and prediction of posttraumatic stress symptoms six weeks and one year after childbirth. Health Care Women Int 2019; 40:581-596. [DOI: 10.1080/07399332.2019.1583230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julia König
- Department of Clinical and Biological Psychology, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany
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O'Connell MA, Leahy‐Warren P, Kenny LC, O'Neill SM, Khashan AS. The prevalence and risk factors of fear of childbirth among pregnant women: A cross‐sectional study in Ireland. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2019; 98:1014-1023. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maeve A. O'Connell
- The Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT Center) University College Cork Cork Ireland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University College Cork Cork Ireland
| | | | - Louise C. Kenny
- Department of Women's and Children's Health Institute of Translational Medicine University of Liverpool Liverpool UK
| | - Sinéad M. O'Neill
- Health Technology Assessment Directorate Health Information and Quality Authority Cork Ireland
| | - Ali S. Khashan
- The Irish Center for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT Center) University College Cork Cork Ireland
- School of Public Health University College Cork Cork Ireland
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MoghaddamHosseini V, Makai A, Varga K, Ács P, Prémusz V, Várnagy Á. Assessing fear of childbirth and its predictors among Hungarian pregnant women using Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire subscales. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2019; 24:879-889. [DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2019.1572904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh MoghaddamHosseini
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- Department of Midwifery, School of Medicine, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Alexandra Makai
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Katalin Varga
- Affective Psychology Department, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Pongrác Ács
- Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Viktória Prémusz
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Várnagy
- MTA-PTE Human Reproduction Scientific Research Group, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Hildingsson I, Rubertsson C, Karlström A, Haines H. Exploring the Fear of Birth Scale in a mixed population of women of childbearing age—A Swedish pilot study. Women Birth 2018; 31:407-413. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Preis H, Benyamini Y, Eberhard-Gran M, Garthus-Niegel S. Childbirth preferences and related fears - comparison between Norway and Israel. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018; 18:362. [PMID: 30185162 PMCID: PMC6126000 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-018-1997-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fear of childbirth (FOC) could have significant impact on women’s childbearing choices and experience. Culture affects the way women conceptualize childbirth, influencing the fears and expectations they may hold in relation to it. In the current study, we examined differences in childbirth preferences of cesarean section and use of epidural analgesia between Norwegian and Israeli pregnant women. Later, we used the Norwegian six-factor solution of the widely-used Wijma Delivery Expectancy Questionnaire (W-DEQ-A) to compare levels of the different FOC factors. Finally, we investigated differences in the associations between FOC and childbirth preferences between the two countries. Methods Secondary analysis of two large surveys. Women from Israel (n = 490) and Norway (n = 2918) were recruited during prenatal check-ups in community clinics and a university hospital. At around 32 weeks of gestation, all participants filled out questionnaires, including the W-DEQ-A. Statistical analysis included exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, M/ANOVA, Spearman’s Rho and Fisher’s Z tests for the significance of the difference between independent correlations. Results The Norwegian six-factor solution of the W-DEQ fit well with the Israeli data. Norwegian women were more concerned about loneliness, feeling less self-efficacy, negatively appraising birth, and lacking positive anticipation. Israeli women were more concerned about negative outcomes for the child and experienced greater general fear and fear of pain. Norwegian women preferred more cesarean sections compared to Israeli women, who preferred more epidural use than Norwegians. FOC factors were more strongly related to childbirth preferences among Norwegians. Conclusions Cultural differences between Israel and Norway are reflected by the differences seen in the levels of fear reported across the six factors. In Israel, birth culture is very medicalized, motherhood is highly revered, and there is an emphasis on having “perfect babies”. In contrast, Norwegian women have fewer children, and birth is considered more natural. This could explain why Israeli women were more concerned that their child might be harmed during birth, while Norwegian women were more concerned with the physical and emotional expectations of birth. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12884-018-1997-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Preis
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Benyamini
- Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Malin Eberhard-Gran
- Department of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.,Health Services Research Unit, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Department of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of the Technische Universität Dresden, Germany, Dresden, Germany.
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Factor analysis study of the Hungarian translation of Wijma Delivery Expectancy/Experience Questionnaire (version A). CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-018-9964-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Molgora S, Fenaroli V, Prino LE, Rollè L, Sechi C, Trovato A, Vismara L, Volpi B, Brustia P, Lucarelli L, Tambelli R, Saita E. Fear of childbirth in primiparous Italian pregnant women: The role of anxiety, depression, and couple adjustment. Women Birth 2018; 31:117-123. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2017.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stoll K, Swift EM, Fairbrother N, Nethery E, Janssen P. A systematic review of nonpharmacological prenatal interventions for pregnancy-specific anxiety and fear of childbirth. Birth 2018; 45:7-18. [PMID: 29057487 DOI: 10.1111/birt.12316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a sharp increase in the number of publications that report on treatment options for pregnancy-specific anxiety and fear of childbirth (PSA/FoB), no systematic review of nonpharmacological prenatal interventions for PSA/FoB has been published. Our team addressed this gap, as an important first step in developing guidelines and recommendations for the treatment of women with PSA/FoB. METHODS Two databases (PubMed and Mendeley) were searched, using a combination of 42 search terms. After removing duplicates, two authors independently assessed 208 abstracts. Sixteen studies met eligibility criteria, ie, the article reported on an intervention, educational component, or treatment regime for PSA/FoB during pregnancy, and included a control group. Independent quality assessments resulted in the retention of seven studies. RESULTS Six of seven included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one a quasi-experimental study. Five studies received moderate quality ratings and two strong ratings. Five of seven studies reported significant changes in PSA/FoB, as a result of the intervention. Short individual psychotherapeutic interventions (1.5-5 hours) delivered by midwives or obstetricians were effective for women with elevated childbirth fear. Interventions that were effective for pregnant women with a range of different fear/anxiety levels were childbirth education at the hospital (2 hours), prenatal Hatha yoga (8 weeks), and an 8-week prenatal education course (16 hours). CONCLUSIONS Findings from this review can inform the development of treatment approaches to support pregnant women with PSA/FoB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Stoll
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Emma Marie Swift
- Department of Nursing, University of Iceland, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Nichole Fairbrother
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Island Medical Program, Victoria, Canada
| | - Elizabeth Nethery
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Patricia Janssen
- School of Population & Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Hildingsson I, Haines H, Karlström A, Nystedt A. Presence and process of fear of birth during pregnancy—Findings from a longitudinal cohort study. Women Birth 2017; 30:e242-e247. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2017.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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O'Connell MA, Leahy-Warren P, Khashan AS, Kenny LC, O'Neill SM. Worldwide prevalence of tocophobia in pregnant women: systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2017; 96:907-920. [DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Maeve A. O'Connell
- Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT Center); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Cork University Maternity Hospital; Wilton Cork Ireland
| | - Patricia Leahy-Warren
- School of Nursing & Midwifery; Brookfield Health Sciences Complex; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Ali S. Khashan
- Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT Center); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Cork University Maternity Hospital; Wilton Cork Ireland
- Department of Epidemiology & Public Health; Western Gateway Building; University College Cork; Cork Ireland
| | - Louise C. Kenny
- Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT Center); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Cork University Maternity Hospital; Wilton Cork Ireland
| | - Sinéad M. O'Neill
- Irish Centre for Fetal and Neonatal Translational Research (INFANT Center); Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Cork University Maternity Hospital; Wilton Cork Ireland
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