Associated factors of pregnancy spacing among women of reproductive age Group in South of Iran: cross-sectional study

M, Murthy PV. Population attributable risk for multimorbidity among adult women in India: Do smoking tobacco, chewing tobacco and consuming alcohol make a difference?

BACKGROUND

The present study aims to estimate the prevalence and correlates of multimorbidity among women aged 15-49 years in India. Additionally, the population attributable risk for multi-morbidity in reference to those women who smoke tobacco, chew tobacco, and consume alcohol is estimated.

METHODS

The data was derived from the National Family Health Survey which was conducted in 2015-16. The effective sample size for the present paper 699,686 women aged 15-49 years in India. Descriptive statistics along with bivariate analysis were used to do the preliminary analysis. Additionally, binary logistic regression analysis was used to fulfil the objectives.

RESULTS

About 1.6% of women had multimorbidity in India. The prevalence of multimorbidity was high among women from southern region of India. Women who smoke tobacco, chew tobacco and consume alcohol had 87% [AOR: 1.87CI: 1.65, 2.10], 18% [AOR: 1.18; CI: 1.10, 1.26] and 18% [AOR: 1.18; CI: 1.04, 1.33] significantly higher likelihood to suffer from multi-morbidity than their counterparts respectively. Population Attributable Risk for women who smoke tobacco was 1.2% (p<0.001), chew tobacco was 0.2% (p<0.001) and it was 0.2% (p<0.001) among women who consumed alcohol.

CONCLUSION

The findings indicate the important role of lifestyle and behavioural factors such as smoking and chewing tobacco and consuming alcohol in the prevalence of multimorbidity among adult Indian women. The subgroups identified as at increased risk in the present study can be targeted while making policies and health decisions and appropriate comorbidity management can be implemented.

Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Pregnancy and Neonatal Outcomes Between Turkish Citizens and Syrian Refugees with High-Risk Pregnancies

Refugee women experience more negative pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, such as low birth weight and preterm birth. The aim of the present study was to compare the clinical characteristics and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes between Turkish citizens and Syrian refugees with high-risk pregnancies. This prospective cohort study was conducted between March and December 2020 in Sanliurfa, Turkey. The maternal characteristics and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were compared between the two groups. In this study, a total of 302 high-risk pregnant women (233 Turkish citizens and 69 Syrian refugees) were included. Parity and pregnancy spacing shorter than 2 years were significantly higher in Syrian refugees. Age, previous abortion or miscarriage and rates of cesarean section (C/S) were significantly higher in Turkish citizens. The live birth (Turkish: 94.8% vs Syrian: 92.8%), preterm birth (Turkish: 10% vs Syrian: 9.4%), low birth weight (Turkish: 7.7% vs Syrian: 3.1%) rates and birth weight (g) (Turkish: 3097.5 ± 501.3 g; Syrian: 2980.2 ± 395.0 g) were not significantly different between Turkish citizens and Syrian refugees with high-risk pregnancy. Similar pregnancy and neonatal outcomes could be attributed to the Syrians receiving adequate and free maternity care, similar to the Turkish citizens.