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Chen Y, Lu A, Hu Z, Li J, Lu J. ERBB3 targeting: A promising approach to overcoming cancer therapeutic resistance. Cancer Lett 2024; 599:217146. [PMID: 39098760 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-3 (ERBB3) is a member of the ERBB receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and is expressed in many malignancies. Along with other ERBB receptors, ERBB3 is associated with regulating normal cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and survival, and has received increased research attention for its involvement in cancer therapies. ERBB3 expression or co-expression levels have been investigated as predictive factors for cancer prognosis and drug sensitivity. Additionally, the association between the elevated expression of ERBB3 and treatment failure in cancer therapy further established ERBB3-targeting therapy as a crucial therapeutic approach. This review delves into the molecular mechanisms of ERBB3-driven resistance to targeted therapeutics against ERBB2 and EGFR and other signal transduction inhibitors, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Using preclinical and clinical evidence, we synthesise and explicate how various aspects of aberrant ERBB3 activities-such as compensatory activation, signal crosstalk interactions, dysregulation in the endocytic pathway, mutations, ligand-independent activation, intrinsic kinase activity, and homodimerisation-can lead to resistance development and/or treatment failures. Several ERBB3-directed monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and the emerging antibody-drug conjugate demonstrate encouraging clinical outcomes for improving therapeutic efficacy and overcoming resistance, especially when combined with other anti-cancer approaches. More research efforts are needed to identify appropriate biomarkers tailored for ERBB3-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Chen
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Anni Lu
- Pinehurst School, Albany, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zhangli Hu
- College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- College of Life Sciences, Xijiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Auckland Bioengineering Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand; College of Food Engineering and Nutrition Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, Shaanxi Province, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, Jiangxi Province, China; Department of Food and Agriculture Technology, Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Zhejiang, Jiaxing, 314006, China.
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2
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Cai A, Chen Y, Wang LS, Cusick JK, Shi Y. Depicting Biomarkers for HER2-Inhibitor Resistance: Implication for Therapy in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:2635. [PMID: 39123362 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16152635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
HER2 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 2) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, including breast, lung, gastric, and pancreatic cancers. Its amplification is linked to poor clinical outcomes. At the genetic level, HER2 is encoded by the ERBB2 gene (v-erb-b2 avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2), which is frequently mutated or amplified in cancers, thus spurring extensive research into HER2 modulation and inhibition as viable anti-cancer strategies. An impressive body of FDA-approved drugs, including anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and HER2-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), have demonstrated success in enhancing overall survival (OS) and disease progression-free survival (PFS). Yet, drug resistance remains a persistent challenge and raises the risks of metastatic potential and tumor relapse. Research into alternative therapeutic options for HER2+ breast cancer therefore proves critical for adapting to this ever-evolving landscape. This review highlights current HER2-targeted therapies, discusses predictive biomarkers for drug resistance, and introduces promising emergent therapies-especially combination therapies-that are aimed at overcoming drug resistance in the context of HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvan Cai
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Yuan Chen
- Section Pathology of the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Lily S Wang
- University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - John K Cusick
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
| | - Yihui Shi
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, Sutter Bay Hospitals, San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
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3
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Majumder A. HER3: Toward the Prognostic Significance, Therapeutic Potential, Current Challenges, and Future Therapeutics in Different Types of Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2517. [PMID: 37947595 PMCID: PMC10648638 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) is the only family member of the EGRF/HER family of receptor tyrosine kinases that lacks an active kinase domain (KD), which makes it an obligate binding partner with other receptors for its oncogenic role. When HER3 is activated in a ligand-dependent (NRG1/HRG) or independent manner, it can bind to other receptors (the most potent binding partner is HER2) to regulate many biological functions (growth, survival, nutrient sensing, metabolic regulation, etc.) through the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. HER3 has been found to promote tumorigenesis, tumor growth, and drug resistance in different cancer types, especially breast and non-small cell lung cancer. Given its ubiquitous expression across different solid tumors and role in oncogenesis and drug resistance, there has been a long effort to target HER3. As HER3 cannot be targeted through its KD with small-molecule kinase inhibitors via the conventional method, pharmaceutical companies have used various other approaches, including blocking either the ligand-binding domain or extracellular domain for dimerization with other receptors. The development of treatment options with anti-HER3 monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and different combination therapies showed limited clinical efficiency for various reasons. Recent reports showed that the extracellular domain of HER3 is not required for its binding with other receptors, which raises doubt about the efforts and applicability of the development of the HER3-antibodies for treatment. Whereas HER3-directed antibody-drug conjugates showed potentiality for treatment, these drugs are still under clinical trial. The currently understood model for dimerization-induced signaling remains incomplete due to the absence of the crystal structure of HER3 signaling complexes, and many lines of evidence suggest that HER family signaling involves more than the interaction of two members. This review article will significantly expand our knowledge of HER3 signaling and shed light on developing a new generation of drugs that have fewer side effects than the current treatment regimen for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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Melillo N, Dickinson J, Tan L, Mistry HB, Huber HJ. Radius additivity score: a novel combination index for tumour growth inhibition in fixed-dose xenograft studies. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1272058. [PMID: 37900154 PMCID: PMC10603293 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1272058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of combination therapies in many cancers has often been shown to be superior to that of monotherapies. This success is commonly attributed to drug synergies. Combinations of two (or more) drugs in xenograft tumor growth inhibition (TGI) studies are typically designed at fixed doses for each compound. The available methods for assessing synergy in such study designs are based on combination indices (CI) and model-based analyses. The former methods are suitable for screening exercises but are difficult to verify in in vivo studies, while the latter incorporate drug synergy in semi-mechanistic frameworks describing disease progression and drug action but are unsuitable for screening. In the current study, we proposed the empirical radius additivity (Rad-add) score, a novel CI for synergy detection in fixed-dose xenograft TGI combination studies. The Rad-add score approximates model-based analysis performed using the semi-mechanistic constant-radius growth TGI model. The Rad-add score was compared with response additivity, defined as the addition of the two response values, and the bliss independence model in combination studies derived from the Novartis PDX dataset. The results showed that the bliss independence and response additivity models predicted synergistic interactions with high and low probabilities, respectively. The Rad-add score predicted synergistic probabilities that appeared to be between those predicted with response additivity and the Bliss model. We believe that the Rad-add score is particularly suitable for assessing synergy in the context of xenograft combination TGI studies, as it combines the advantages of CI approaches suitable for screening exercises with those of semi-mechanistic TGI models based on a mechanistic understanding of tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Melillo
- Seda Pharmaceutical Developments Services Unit D Cheadle Royal Business Park, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Jake Dickinson
- Seda Pharmaceutical Developments Services Unit D Cheadle Royal Business Park, Stockport, United Kingdom
| | - Lu Tan
- Division Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hitesh B. Mistry
- Seda Pharmaceutical Developments Services Unit D Cheadle Royal Business Park, Stockport, United Kingdom
- Division of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Heinrich J. Huber
- Division Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
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Palumbo C, Benvenuto M, Focaccetti C, Albonici L, Cifaldi L, Rufini A, Nardozi D, Angiolini V, Bei A, Masuelli L, Bei R. Recent findings on the impact of ErbB receptors status on prognosis and therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1066021. [PMID: 36817764 PMCID: PMC9932042 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1066021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer type, has often an aggressive course and is poorly responsive to current therapeutic approaches, so that 5-year survival rates for patients diagnosed with advanced disease is lower than 50%. The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) has emerged as an established oncogene in HNSCC. Indeed, although HNSCCs are a heterogeneous group of cancers which differ for histological, molecular and clinical features, EGFR is overexpressed or mutated in a percentage of cases up to about 90%. Moreover, aberrant expression of the other members of the ErbB receptor family, ErbB2, ErbB3 and ErbB4, has also been reported in variable proportions of HNSCCs. Therefore, an increased expression/activity of one or multiple ErbB receptors is found in the vast majority of patients with HNSCC. While aberrant ErbB signaling has long been known to play a critical role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, invasion, metastatization and resistance to therapy, more recent evidence has revealed its impact on other features of cancer cells' biology, such as the ability to evade antitumor immunity. In this paper we will review recent findings on how ErbB receptors expression and activity, including that associated with non-canonical signaling mechanisms, impacts on prognosis and therapy of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Palumbo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Benvenuto
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy,Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Focaccetti
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Albonici
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy,Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Rufini
- Saint Camillus International University of Health and Medical Sciences, Rome, Italy,Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Nardozi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina Angiolini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Bei
- Medical School, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Roberto Bei,
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Kilroy MK, Park S, Feroz W, Patel H, Mishra R, Alanazi S, Garrett JT. HER3 Alterations in Cancer and Potential Clinical Implications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246174. [PMID: 36551663 PMCID: PMC9776947 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the third member of the HER family, kinase impaired HER3, has become a target of interest in cancer as there is accumulating evidence that HER3 plays a role in tumor growth and progression. This review focuses on HER3 activation in bladder, breast, colorectal, and lung cancer disease progression. HER3 mutations occur at a rate up to ~10% of tumors dependent on the tumor type. With patient tumors routinely sequenced for gene alterations in recent years, we have focused on HER3 mutations in bladder, breast, colon, and lung cancers particularly in response to targeted therapies and the potential to become a resistance mechanism. There are currently several HER3 targeting drugs in the pipeline, possibly improving outcomes for cancer patients with tumors containing HER3 activation and/or alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Kate Kilroy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - SoYoung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Cancer Research Scholars Program, College of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wasim Feroz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Hima Patel
- Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rosalin Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Samar Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Joan T. Garrett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, James L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence:
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Development and validation of an ELISA method for quantification of the anti-HER3 antibody HMBD-001 in human serum. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:1241-1249. [DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: HMBD-001 is an IgG1 humanized monoclonal antibody specifically targeting HER3, a receptor highly expressed on cancer cells in certain tumors. A bioanalytical method was required to quantify HMBD-001 in human serum, with high selectivity and without interference from HER3. Methods and results: A bridging ELISA using an anti-idiotypic monoclonal capture and detection was developed and validated for quantitative measurement of HMBD-001 in human serum. The assay is sensitive, with a lower limit of quantification of 250 ng/ml, has a broad dynamic range of 250–7000 ng/ml HMBD-001, and exhibits excellent precision and overall accuracy. Conclusion: We have developed and validated a sensitive and selective method for measuring HMBD-001 in human serum. This assay is now being used in a clinical trial setting.
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Gandullo-Sánchez L, Ocaña A, Pandiella A. HER3 in cancer: from the bench to the bedside. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:310. [PMID: 36271429 PMCID: PMC9585794 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The HER3 protein, that belongs to the ErbB/HER receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family, is expressed in several types of tumors. That fact, together with the role of HER3 in promoting cell proliferation, implicate that targeting HER3 may have therapeutic relevance. Furthermore, expression and activation of HER3 has been linked to resistance to drugs that target other HER receptors such as agents that act on EGFR or HER2. In addition, HER3 has been associated to resistance to some chemotherapeutic drugs. Because of those circumstances, efforts to develop and test agents targeting HER3 have been carried out. Two types of agents targeting HER3 have been developed. The most abundant are antibodies or engineered antibody derivatives that specifically recognize the extracellular region of HER3. In addition, the use of aptamers specifically interacting with HER3, vaccines or HER3-targeting siRNAs have also been developed. Here we discuss the state of the art of the preclinical and clinical development of drugs aimed at targeting HER3 with therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Gandullo-Sánchez
- grid.428472.f0000 0004 1794 2467Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Ocaña
- grid.411068.a0000 0001 0671 5785Hospital Clínico San Carlos and CIBERONC, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Atanasio Pandiella
- grid.428472.f0000 0004 1794 2467Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, CSIC, IBSAL and CIBERONC, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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Lim M, Nguyen TH, Niland C, Reid LE, Jat PS, Saunus JM, Lakhani SR. Landscape of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Heterodimers in Brain Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030533. [PMID: 35158800 PMCID: PMC8833370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HER2+ breast cancer patients are treated with agents that tag HER2+ tumour cells for elimination by the immune system, down-modulate HER2 activity and/or block the formation of HER2 dimers, including the neuregulin-1 receptor, HER2-HER3. HER2-targeted therapies prolong survival by lowering the risk of relapse, but do not prevent brain metastases. The reasons for this are not fully understood. We quantified HER2-HER3 dimers in 203 brain metastases, and 34 primary breast tumour samples. Dimer frequency was relatively high in brain metastases from breast, ovarian, lung and kidney cancers, and in brain metastases compared to patient-matched breast tumours; but did not reliably correlate with HER2/HER3 expression or activation. In in vitro experiments, pertuzumab failed to suppress HER2-HER3 dimers in HER2+ breast cancer cells provided with a saturating concentration of neuregulin-1. These findings may provide insights about the differences in intracranial versus extracranial efficacy of HER2-targeted therapies. Abstract HER2+ breast cancer patients have an elevated risk of developing brain metastases (BM), despite adjuvant HER2-targeted therapy. The mechanisms underpinning this reduced intracranial efficacy are unclear. We optimised the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) for detection of the high-affinity neuregulin-1 receptor, HER2-HER3 (a key target of pertuzumab), in archival tissue samples and developed a pipeline for high throughput extraction of PLA data from fluorescent microscope image files. Applying this to a large BM sample cohort (n = 159) showed that BM from breast, ovarian, lung and kidney cancers have higher HER2-HER3 levels than other primary tumour types (melanoma, colorectal and prostate cancers). HER2 status, and tumour cell membrane expression of pHER2(Y1221/1222) and pHER3(Y1222) were positively, but not exclusively, associated with HER2-HER3 frequency. In an independent cohort (n = 78), BM had significantly higher HER2-HER3 levels than matching primary tumours (p = 0.0002). For patients who had two craniotomy procedures, HER2-HER3 dimer levels were lower in the consecutive lesion (n = 7; p = 0.006). We also investigated the effects of trastuzumab and pertuzumab on five different heterodimers in vitro: HER2-EGFR, HER2-HER4, HER2-HER3, HER3-HER4, HER3-EGFR. Treatment significantly altered the absolute frequencies of individual complexes in SKBr3 and/or MDA-MB-361 cells, but in the presence of neuregulin-1, the overall distribution was not markedly altered, with HER2-HER3 and HER2-HER4 remaining predominant. Together, these findings suggest that markers of HER2 and HER3 expression are not always indicative of dimerization, and that pertuzumab may be less effective at reducing HER2-HER3 dimerization in the context of excess neuregulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Tam H. Nguyen
- Flow Cytometry and Imaging Facility, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Colleen Niland
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Lynne E. Reid
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Parmjit S. Jat
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
| | - Jodi M. Saunus
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (S.R.L.)
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
- Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (S.R.L.)
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Work over the past several decades has identified that aberrations in the ErbB signaling pathways are key drivers of oncogenesis, and concurrent efforts to discover targetable vulnerabilities to counter this aberrant oncogenic signaling offer tremendous promise in treating a host of human cancers. These efforts have been centered primarily on EGFR (also known as HER1), leading to the discovery of the first targeted therapies approved for head and neck cancer. More recently, HER2 and HER3 signaling pathways have been identified as highly dysregulated in head and neck cancer. This review highlights the HER2 and HER3 signaling pathways and clinical efforts to target these receptors and their aberrant signaling to treat head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and other head and neck malignancies, including salivary gland carcinomas. This includes the use of small molecule inhibitors and blocking antibodies, both as single agents or as part of multimodal precision targeted and immunotherapies.
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Jhaveri K, Drago JZ, Shah PD, Wang R, Pareja F, Ratzon F, Iasonos A, Patil S, Rosen N, Fornier MN, Sklarin NT, Chandarlapaty S, Modi S. A Phase I Study of Alpelisib in Combination with Trastuzumab and LJM716 in Patients with PIK3CA-Mutated HER2-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:3867-3875. [PMID: 33947692 PMCID: PMC8282678 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-0047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Activating mutations in PIK3CA promote resistance to HER2-targeted therapy in breast cancer; however, inhibition of PI3K alone leads to escape via feedback upregulation of HER3. Combined inhibition of HER2, HER3, and PI3K overcomes this mechanism preclinically. PATIENTS AND METHODS This phase I study investigated the MTD of alpelisib given in combination with trastuzumab and LJM716 (a HER3-targeted antibody) in patients with PIK3CA-mutant HER2-positive (HER2+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) using the continual reassessment method. Secondary analyses included efficacy and exploratory correlative studies. RESULTS Ten patients were treated initially with daily alpelisib (arm A). Grade ≥3 adverse events seen in ≥2 patients included diarrhea (n = 6), hypokalemia (n = 3), abnormal liver enzymes (n = 3), hyperglycemia (n = 2), mucositis (n = 2), and elevated lipase (n = 2). The MTD of alpelisib in arm A was 250 mg daily. This prompted the opening of arm B in which 11 patients received intermittently dosed alpelisib. Grade ≥3 adverse events seen in ≥2 patients included diarrhea (n = 5), hypokalemia (n = 3), and hypomagnesemia (n = 2). The MTD of alpelisib in arm B was 350 mg given 4 days on, 3 days off. Among 17 patients assessed, 1 had a partial response, 14 had stable disease, and 2 had disease progression at best response. Five patients had stable disease for >30 weeks. mRNA profiling of pre- and on-treatment tissue demonstrated PIK3CA target engagement by alpelisib via induction of downstream signaling and feedback pathways. CONCLUSIONS Combination treatment with alpelisib, trastuzumab, and LJM716 was limited by gastrointestinal toxicity. Further efforts are warranted to target the PI3K pathway in HER2+ MBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Jhaveri
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Joshua Z Drago
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Payal Deepak Shah
- Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rui Wang
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Fresia Pareja
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Fanni Ratzon
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Alexia Iasonos
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Sujata Patil
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Neal Rosen
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | | | | | - Shanu Modi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
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Gan HK, Millward M, Jalving M, Garrido-Laguna I, Lickliter JD, Schellens JHM, Lolkema MP, Van Herpen CLM, Hug B, Tang L, O'Connor-Semmes R, Gagnon R, Ellis C, Ganji G, Matheny C, Drilon A. A Phase I, First-in-Human Study of GSK2849330, an Anti-HER3 Monoclonal Antibody, in HER3-Expressing Solid Tumors. Oncologist 2021; 26:e1844-e1853. [PMID: 34132450 PMCID: PMC8488777 DOI: 10.1002/onco.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GSK2849330, an anti-HER3 monoclonal antibody that blocks HER3/Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) signaling in cancer cells, is engineered for enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. This phase I, first-in-human, open-label study assessed the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics, and preliminary activity of GSK2849330 in patients with HER3-expressing advanced solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with various tumor types were prospectively selected for HER3 expression by immunohistochemistry; a subset was also screened for NRG1 mRNA expression. In the dose-escalation phase, patients received GSK2849330 1.4-30 mg/kg every 2 weeks, or 3 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg weekly, intravenously (IV). In the dose-expansion phase, patients received 30 mg/kg GSK2849330 IV weekly. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients with HER3-expressing cancers, of whom two expressed NRG1, received GSK2849330 (dose escalation: n = 18, dose expansion: n = 11). GSK2849330 was well tolerated. No dose-limiting toxicities were observed. The highest dose, of 30 mg/kg weekly, expected to provide full target engagement, was selected for dose expansion. Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were mostly grade 1 or 2. The most common AEs were diarrhea (66%), fatigue (62%), and decreased appetite (31%). Dose-proportional plasma exposures were achieved, with evidence of HER3 inhibition in paired tissue biopsies. Of 29 patients, only 1 confirmed partial response, lasting 19 months, was noted in a patient with CD74-NRG1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). CONCLUSION GSK2849330 demonstrated a favorable safety profile, dose-proportional PK, and evidence of target engagement, but limited antitumor activity in HER3-expressing cancers. The exceptional response seen in a patient with CD74-NRG1-rearranged NSCLC suggests further exploration in NRG1-fusion-positive cancers. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE This first-in-human study confirms that GSK2849330 is well tolerated. Importantly, across a variety of HER3-expressing advanced tumors, prospective selection by HER3/NRG1 expression alone was insufficient to identify patients who could benefit from treatment with this antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity- and complement-dependent cytotoxicity-enhanced anti-HER3 antibody. The only confirmed durable response achieved was in a patient with CD74-NRG1-rearranged lung cancer. This highlights the potential utility of screening for NRG1 fusions prospectively across tumor types to enrich potential responders to anti-HER3 agents in ongoing trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui K Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Austin Health and Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.,School of Medicine, Latrobe University School of Cancer Medicine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Millward
- Linear Clinical Research and University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mathilde Jalving
- Department of Medical Oncology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ignacio Garrido-Laguna
- Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology Division, University of Utah School of Medicine, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | | | - Jan H M Schellens
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn P Lolkema
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carla L M Van Herpen
- Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bruce Hug
- GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lihua Tang
- Independent Consultant, North Carolina, USA
| | - Robin O'Connor-Semmes
- Clinical Pharmacology, Modeling and Simulation, Parexel International, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexander Drilon
- Department of Medical Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Mao C, Zeng X, Zhang C, Yang Y, Xiao X, Luan S, Zhang Y, Yuan Y. Mechanisms of Pharmaceutical Therapy and Drug Resistance in Esophageal Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:612451. [PMID: 33644048 PMCID: PMC7905099 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.612451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical therapies are essential for esophageal cancer (EC). For the advanced EC, the neoadjuvant therapy regimen, including chemotherapy plus radiotherapy and/or immunotherapy, is effective to achieve clinical benefit, even pathological complete response. For the unresectable, recurrent, and metastatic EC, the pharmaceutical therapy is the limited effective regimen to alleviate the disease and prolong the progression-free survival and overall survival. In this review, we focus on the pharmaceutical applications in EC treatment including cytotoxic agents, molecular targeted antibodies, and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The chemotherapy regimen is based on cytotoxic agents such as platinum-based complexes, fluorinated pyrimidines and taxenes. Although the cytotoxic agents have been developed in past decades, the standard chemotherapy regimen is still the cisplatin and 5-FU or paclitaxel because the derived drugs have no significant advantages of overcoming the shortcomings of side effects and drug resistance. The targeted molecular therapy is an essential supplement for chemotherapy; however, there are only a few targeted therapies available in clinical practice. Trastuzumab and ramucirumab are the only two molecular therapy drugs which are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration to treat advanced and/or metastatic EC. Although the targeted therapy usually achieves effective benefits in the early stage therapy of EC, the patients will always develop drug resistance during treatment. ICIs have had a significant impact on routine clinical practice in cancer treatment. The anti-programmed cell death-1 monoclonal antibodies pembrolizumab and nivolumab, as the ICIs, are recommended for advanced EC by several clinical trials. However, the significant issues of pharmaceutical treatment are still the dose-limiting side effects and primary or secondary drug resistance. These defects of pharmaceutical therapy restrain the clinical application and diminish the effectiveness of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyi Mao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zeng
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yushang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Siyuan Luan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yonggang Zhang
- Department of Periodical Press, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Evidence-Based Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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14
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Kundranda M, Gracian AC, Zafar SF, Meiri E, Bendell J, Algül H, Rivera F, Ahn ER, Watkins D, Pelzer U, Charu V, Zalutskaya A, Kuesters G, Pipas JM, Santillana S, Askoxylakis V, Ko AH. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study of istiratumab (MM-141) plus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine versus nab-paclitaxel and gemcitabine in front-line metastatic pancreatic cancer (CARRIE). Ann Oncol 2021; 31:79-87. [PMID: 31912800 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preclinical data suggest that dual blockade of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) and HER3 pathways has superior activity to IGF-1R blockade alone in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We tested whether istiratumab, an IGF-1R- and ErbB3-bispecific antibody, can enhance the efficacy of standard of care (SOC) chemotherapy in patients with metastatic PDAC selected for high IGF-1 serum levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS CARRIE was an international, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase II study for patients with previously untreated metastatic PDAC. In part 1, 10 patients were evaluated for pharmacokinetics and safety. In part 2, patients with high free serum IGF-1 levels were randomized 1 : 1 to receive either istiratumab [2.8 g intravenously (i.v.) every 2 weeks] or placebo combined with gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel at approved dose schedule. The co-primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with high IGF-1 levels and PFS in patients with both high serum IGF-1 levels and heregulin (HRG)+ tumors. Key secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS), objective response rate (ORR) by RECIST v.1.1, and adverse events (AEs) rate. RESULTS A total of 317 patients were screened, with 88 patients randomized in part 2 (experimental arm n = 43; control n = 45). In the high IGF-1 cohort, median PFS was 3.6 and 7.3 months in the experimental versus control arms, respectively [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.88, P = 0.027]. In the high IGF-1/HRG+ subgroup (n = 44), median PFS was 4.1 and 7.3 months, respectively (HR = 1.39, P = 0.42). Median OS and ORR for the overall population were similar between two arms. No significant difference in serious or grade ≥3 AEs was observed, although low-grade AEs leading to early discontinuation were higher in the experimental (39.5%) versus control arm (24.4%). CONCLUSIONS Istiratumab failed to improve the efficacy of SOC chemotherapy in this patient setting. High serum IGF-1 levels did not appear to be an adverse prognostic factor when compared with non-biomarker-selected historic controls. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02399137; EUDRA CT: 2014-004572-34.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kundranda
- Medical Oncology, Banner MD Anderson Cancer Center, Gilbert, USA
| | - A C Gracian
- Medical Oncology, Centro Integral Oncologico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Médicas Clínicas, Universidad CEU San Pablo, Madrid, Spain
| | - S F Zafar
- Hematology and Oncology, Florida Cancer Specialists, Fort Myers, USA
| | - E Meiri
- Medical Oncology, Comprehensive Care and Research Center, Atlanta, USA
| | - J Bendell
- GI Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute/Tennessee Oncology, Nashville, USA
| | - H Algül
- TUM School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Medizinische Klinik II, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Rivera
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Marques de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - E R Ahn
- Medical Oncology, Cancer Treatment Centers of America Chicago, Zion, USA
| | - D Watkins
- Department of Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, Sutton, UK
| | - U Pelzer
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany
| | - V Charu
- Hematology/Oncology, Pacific Cancer Medical Center, Anaheim, USA
| | - A Zalutskaya
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - G Kuesters
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - J M Pipas
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - S Santillana
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - V Askoxylakis
- Clinical Development, Merrimack Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Cambridge, USA
| | - A H Ko
- Hematology/Oncology, University of California San Francisco Cancer Center, San Francisco, USA.
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15
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Hafeez U, Parslow AC, Gan HK, Scott AM. New insights into ErbB3 function and therapeutic targeting in cancer. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2020; 20:1057-1074. [PMID: 32981377 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2020.1829485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The importance of ErbB3 receptor tyrosine kinase in cancer progression, primary and acquired drug resistance, has become steadily evident since its discovery in 1989. ErbB3 overexpression in various solid organ malignancies is associated with shorter survival of patients. However, initial strategies to therapeutically target ErbB3 have not been rewarding. AREAS COVERED Here, we provide an overview of ErbB3 biology in carcinogenesis. We outline the role of ErbB3 as a critical pathway for resistance to other anti-cancer drugs. We focus on emerging clinical data, which will steer the potential future development of ErbB3 directed therapies. EXPERT OPINION Initial approaches to ErbB3 targeting have been challenging. However, the lack of success of anti-ErbB3 therapies in ongoing clinical trials may relate more to the complex biology of the receptor and challenges with the biomarkers used to date. Furthermore, it seems certain that the expression of the receptor per se is necessary but not sufficient for the response to ErbB3 therapies. Emerging data suggest that more sophisticated biomarkers are needed. Nonetheless, it is also likely that ErbB3 therapies may have the most efficacy in combination therapy, and their favorable toxicity profile makes this feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umbreen Hafeez
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Adam C Parslow
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Hui K Gan
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medical Oncology, Olivia Newton-John Cancer and Wellness Centre, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia
| | - Andrew M Scott
- Tumour Targeting Laboratory, Olivia Newton-John Cancer Research Institute , Melbourne, Australia.,School of Cancer Medicine, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Austin Health , Melbourne, Australia
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16
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Alfaleh MA, Alsaab HO, Mahmoud AB, Alkayyal AA, Jones ML, Mahler SM, Hashem AM. Phage Display Derived Monoclonal Antibodies: From Bench to Bedside. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1986. [PMID: 32983137 PMCID: PMC7485114 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become one of the most important classes of biopharmaceutical products, and they continue to dominate the universe of biopharmaceutical markets in terms of approval and sales. They are the most profitable single product class, where they represent six of the top ten selling drugs. At the beginning of the 1990s, an in vitro antibody selection technology known as antibody phage display was developed by John McCafferty and Sir. Gregory Winter that enabled the discovery of human antibodies for diverse applications, particularly antibody-based drugs. They created combinatorial antibody libraries on filamentous phage to be utilized for generating antigen specific antibodies in a matter of weeks. Since then, more than 70 phage–derived antibodies entered clinical studies and 14 of them have been approved. These antibodies are indicated for cancer, and non-cancer medical conditions, such as inflammatory, optical, infectious, or immunological diseases. This review will illustrate the utility of phage display as a powerful platform for therapeutic antibodies discovery and describe in detail all the approved mAbs derived from phage display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Alfaleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohanad A Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephen M Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anwar M Hashem
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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17
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朱 磊, 袁 平, 赵 志, 王 鑫, 王 国, 颜 亮. [Bacterial expression of 183-227aa region of HER3 extracellular domain I and preparation and identification of its polyclonal antibodies]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2020; 40:806-813. [PMID: 32895213 PMCID: PMC7321272 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2020.06.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prepare the recombinant peptide MVF-HER3 I composed of the 183-227aa peptide segment of human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3 I) and the measles virus protein 288-302 peptide segment (MVF), and prepare polyclonal antibodies (PcAb) against this recombinant peptide. METHODS The MVF-HER3 I gene was synthesized chemically and subcloned into pET21b or pET32a plasmid containing Thioredoxin (Trx) tag gene. The recombinant plasmids were identified by endonuclease digestion. MVF-HER3 I was expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) cells under an optimal bacterial expression condition. The fusion protein Trx-MVF-HER3 I was purified using nickel ion affinity chromatography, and the purified protein was digested by enterokinase to remove Trx tag. The digested mixture underwent further nickel ion affinity chromatography to obtain purified MVF-HER3 I. The purified MVF-HER3 I was used to immunize SD rats subcutaneously for preparing anti-MVF-HER3 I PcAb. The titer of PcAb was determined using ELISA. The bindings of anti-MVF-HER3 I PcAb to MVF-HER3 I, native HER3 and MCF7 cells were analyzed using immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation and laser confocal microscopy. The growth inhibition effect of the antibodies on MCF7 cells cultured in the absence or presence of NRG was assessed using sulforhodamine B. RESULTS The recombinant peptide gene could not be expressed alone, but could be efficiently expressed after fusion with Trx gene under optimized conditions. The fusion peptide MVF-HER3 I was successfully prepared from Trx-MVF-HER3 I. The anti-MVF-HER3 I PcAb, with a titer reaching 1: 512 000, specifically bound to MVF-HER3 I, recognized native HER3 and bound to the membrane of MCF7 cells. The obtained PcAb could dose-dependently inhibit the growth of MCF7 cells irrespective of the presence or absence of NRG. CONCLUSIONS We successfully obtained the recombinant peptide MVF-HER3 I and prepared its PcAb, which can facilitate further functional analysis of HER3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- 磊 朱
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- 活性生物大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
- 皖南医学院药物筛选与评价研究所,安徽 芜湖 241002Research Institute for Pharmaceutical Screening & Evaluation, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 平川 袁
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- 活性生物大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 志刚 赵
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 鑫 王
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 国栋 王
- 安徽省多糖药物工程技术研究中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center for Polysaccharide Drugs, Wuhu 241002, China
- 皖南医学院药物研发中心,安徽 芜湖 241002Drug Research & Development Center, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241002, China
- 活性生物大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - 亮 颜
- 活性生物大分子研究安徽省重点实验室,安徽 芜湖 241002Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Active Biological Macromolecules, Wuhu 241002, China
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18
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Alfaleh MA, Alsaab HO, Mahmoud AB, Alkayyal AA, Jones ML, Mahler SM, Hashem AM. Phage Display Derived Monoclonal Antibodies: From Bench to Bedside. Front Immunol 2020. [PMID: 32983137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01986/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become one of the most important classes of biopharmaceutical products, and they continue to dominate the universe of biopharmaceutical markets in terms of approval and sales. They are the most profitable single product class, where they represent six of the top ten selling drugs. At the beginning of the 1990s, an in vitro antibody selection technology known as antibody phage display was developed by John McCafferty and Sir. Gregory Winter that enabled the discovery of human antibodies for diverse applications, particularly antibody-based drugs. They created combinatorial antibody libraries on filamentous phage to be utilized for generating antigen specific antibodies in a matter of weeks. Since then, more than 70 phage-derived antibodies entered clinical studies and 14 of them have been approved. These antibodies are indicated for cancer, and non-cancer medical conditions, such as inflammatory, optical, infectious, or immunological diseases. This review will illustrate the utility of phage display as a powerful platform for therapeutic antibodies discovery and describe in detail all the approved mAbs derived from phage display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Alfaleh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hashem O Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Almohanad A Alkayyal
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Martina L Jones
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stephen M Mahler
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Training Centre for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Anwar M Hashem
- Vaccines and Immunotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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19
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Yuan M, Huang LL, Chen JH, Wu J, Xu Q. The emerging treatment landscape of targeted therapy in non-small-cell lung cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:61. [PMID: 31871778 PMCID: PMC6914774 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0099-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 394] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancer in the world. In 2018, there were over 2 million new cases of lung cancer and over 1.7 million deaths were attributed to lung cancer. Targeted therapy has emerged as an important mean of the disease management for patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Herein, we review and analyze recent literature, discuss the targeting pathways and ongoing clinical trials in lung cancer. Chemotherapy is no longer the best available treatment for all patients. Therapeutic decisions should be guided by an understanding of the molecular features of patient's tumor tissues. The future gains will likely emerge from finding optimal ways of combining targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Li-Li Huang
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
| | - Jian-Hua Chen
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Jie Wu
- Peggy and Charles Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA
| | - Qing Xu
- Department of Oncology, Dermatology Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200443 China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072 China
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20
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Hinz TK, Kleczko EK, Singleton KR, Calhoun J, Marek LA, Kim J, Tan AC, Heasley LE. Functional RNAi Screens Define Distinct Protein Kinase Vulnerabilities in EGFR-Dependent HNSCC Cell Lines. Mol Pharmacol 2019; 96:862-870. [PMID: 31554698 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.117804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The inhibitory epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody, cetuximab, is an approved therapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite tumor response observed in some HNSCC patients, cetuximab alone or combined with radio- or chemotherapy fails to yield long-term control or cures. We hypothesize that a flexible receptor tyrosine kinase coactivation signaling network supports HNSCC survival in the setting of EGFR blockade, and that drugs disrupting this network will provide superior tumor control when combined with EGFR inhibitors. In this work, we submitted EGFR-dependent HNSCC cell lines to RNA interference-based functional genomics screens to identify, in an unbiased fashion, essential protein kinases for growth and survival as well as synthetic lethal targets for combined inhibition with EGFR antagonists. Mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (MTOR) and erythroblastosis oncogene B (ERBB)3 were identified as high-ranking essential kinase hits in the HNSCC cell lines. MTOR dependency was confirmed by distinct short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) and high sensitivity of the cell lines to AZD8055, whereas ERBB3 dependency was validated by shRNA-mediated silencing. Furthermore, a synthetic lethal kinome shRNA screen with a pan-ERBB inhibitor, AZD8931, identified multiple components of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, consistent with ERK reactivation and/or incomplete ERK pathway inhibition in response to EGFR inhibitor monotherapy. As validation, distinct mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitors yielded synergistic growth inhibition when combined with the EGFR inhibitors, gefitinib and AZD8931. The findings identify ERBB3 and MTOR as important pharmacological vulnerabilities in HNSCC and support combining MEK and EGFR inhibitors to enhance clinical efficacy in HNSCC. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Many cancers are driven by nonmutated receptor tyrosine kinase coactivation networks that defy full inhibition with single targeted drugs. This study identifies erythroblastosis oncogene B (ERBB)3 as an essential protein kinase in epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) cell lines and a synthetic lethal interaction with the extracellular signal-regulated kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway that provides a rationale for combining pan-ERBB and mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitors as a therapeutic approach in subsets of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trista K Hinz
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily K Kleczko
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Katherine R Singleton
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jacob Calhoun
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lindsay A Marek
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jihye Kim
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Aik Choon Tan
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Lynn E Heasley
- Departments of Craniofacial Biology (T.K.H., E.K.K., K.R.S., J.C., L.A.M., L.E.H.) and Medicine (J.K., A.C.T.), University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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Kanomata N, Kurebayashi J, Moriya T. Phosphorylated HER3 and FITC-labeled trastuzumab immunohistochemistry in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer treated with adjuvant trastuzumab. Med Mol Morphol 2018; 52:106-113. [PMID: 30317526 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-018-0208-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The development of trastuzumab has significantly improved the prognosis of HER2-positive breast cancer. However, disease recurs in some patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. A new strategy for treating HER2-positive breast cancer is necessary. Although several studies have reported that HER3 is a prognostic factor for HER2-positive breast cancers, phosphorylated HER3 (pHER3) has not been well studied. There has been no survival analysis including immunohistochemistry with trastuzumab as the primary antibody. We analyzed immunohistochemistry using anti-pHER3 antibody and FITC-labeled trastuzumab (FITC-tra). Of 78 patients enrolled in the study, we could evaluate the immunohistochemistry for pHER3 in 71 cases and that for FITC-tra in 72 cases. Sixteen cases were positive for pHER3 (16/71, 22.5%), and 19 positive for FITC-tra (19/72, 26.4%). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant association of pHER3 positivity (p = 0.011) but not HER3 positivity or FITC-tra positivity with disease-free survival. Therefore, immunohistochemical evaluation of pHER3 in HER2-positive breast cancer may provide a useful biomarker. An expanded study of pHER3 involving standardization of the pHER3 test to be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Kanomata
- Department of Pathology, Kawasaki Medical School, Matsushima 577, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan.
| | - Junichi Kurebayashi
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Takuya Moriya
- Department of Pathology, Kawasaki Medical School, Matsushima 577, Kurashiki, Okayama, 701-0192, Japan
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Jacob W, James I, Hasmann M, Weisser M. Clinical development of HER3-targeting monoclonal antibodies: Perils and progress. Cancer Treat Rev 2018; 68:111-123. [PMID: 29944978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER) family consists of four transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinases: epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), HER2, HER3, and HER4. They are part of a complex signalling network and stimulate intracellular pathways regulating cell growth and differentiation. So far, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR and HER2 have been developed and approved. Recently, focus has turned to HER3 as it may play an important role in resistance to EGFR- and HER2-targeting therapies. HER3-targeting agents have been undergoing clinical evaluation for the last 10 years and currently thirteen mAbs are in phase 1 or 2 clinical studies. Single agent activity has proven to be limited, however, the tolerability was favourable. Thus, combinations of HER3-binding mAbs with other HER-targeting therapies or chemotherapies have been pursued in various solid tumor entities. Data indicate that the HER3-binding ligand heregulin may serve as a response prediction marker for HER3-targeting therapy. Within this review the current status of clinical development of HER3-targeting compounds is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Jacob
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany.
| | - Ian James
- A4P Consulting Ltd, Discovery Park, Sandwich, UK
| | - Max Hasmann
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Martin Weisser
- Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany
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Human epidermal receptor family inhibitors in patients with ERBB3 mutated cancers: Entering the back door. Eur J Cancer 2018; 92:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2017.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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