1
|
Yu S, Dai W, Zhao S, Yang Y, Xu Y, Wang J, Deng Q, He J, Shi D. Function and mechanism of MCM8 in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. J Transl Med 2023; 21:623. [PMID: 37710286 PMCID: PMC10503009 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04084-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has become a global health problem which has almost highest morbidity and mortality in all types of cancers. This study aimed to uncover the biological functions and underlying mechanism of MCM8 in the development and progression of CRC. The expression level of MCM8 was found to be upregulated in CRC tissues and significantly associated with tumor grade and patients' survival. Knocking down MCM8 expression in CRC cells could restrain cell growth and cell motility while promoting cell apoptosis in vitro, as well as inhibit tumor growth in xenograft mice model. Based on the RNA screening performing on CRC cells with or without MCM8 knockdown and the following IPA analysis, CHSY1 was identified as a potential target of MCM8 in CRC, whose expression was also found to be higher in tumor tissues than in normal tissues. Moreover, it was demonstrated that MCM8 may regulate the expression of CHSY1 through affecting its NEDD4-mediated ubiquitination, both of which synergistically execute tumor promotion effects on CRC. In conclusion, the outcomes of our study showed the first evidence that MCM8 act as a tumor promotor in CRC, and may be a promising therapeutic target of CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaojun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Weixing Dai
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Senlin Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Yongzhi Yang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Qun Deng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery and Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang China
| | - Jinghu He
- Department of General Surgery, Changhai Hospital Affiliated to Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Debing Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong’an Road, Shanghai, 200032 PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Limone A, Maggisano V, Sarnataro D, Bulotta S. Emerging roles of the cellular prion protein (PrP C) and 37/67 kDa laminin receptor (RPSA) interaction in cancer biology. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:207. [PMID: 37452879 PMCID: PMC10349719 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04844-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is well-known for its involvement, under its pathogenic protease-resistant form (PrPSc), in a group of neurodegenerative diseases, known as prion diseases. PrPC is expressed in nervous system, as well as in other peripheral organs, and has been found overexpressed in several types of solid tumors. Notwithstanding, studies in recent years have disclosed an emerging role for PrPC in various cancer associated processes. PrPC has high binding affinity for 37/67 kDa laminin receptor (RPSA), a molecule that acts as a key player in tumorigenesis, affecting cell growth, adhesion, migration, invasion and cell death processes. Recently, we have characterized at cellular level, small molecules able to antagonize the direct PrPC binding to RPSA and their intracellular trafficking. These findings are very crucial considering that the main function of RPSA is to modulate key events in the metastasis cascade. Elucidation of the role played by PrPC/RPSA interaction in regulating tumor development, progression and response to treatment, represents a very promising challenge to gain pathogenetic information and discover novel specific biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets to be exploited in clinical settings. This review attempts to convey a detailed description of the complexity surrounding these multifaceted proteins from the perspective of cancer hallmarks, but with a specific focus on the role of their interaction in the control of proliferation, migration and invasion, genome instability and mutation, as well as resistance to cell death controlled by autophagic pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Limone
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Maggisano
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Daniela Sarnataro
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Stefania Bulotta
- Department of Health Sciences, University "Magna Graecia" of Catanzaro, Campus "S. Venuta", 88100, Catanzaro, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bignoux MJ, Otgaar TC, Bernert M, Weiss SFT, Ferreira E. Downregulation of LRP/LR with siRNA inhibits several cancer hallmarks in lung cancer cells. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:323-340. [PMID: 36579897 PMCID: PMC9900088 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rates of cancer are growing rapidly worldwide, with lung cancer being the most commonly occurring cancer in males. Human carcinomas circumvent the inhibitory pathways induced by DNA damage and senescence through the upregulation of telomerase activity. The 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) is a cell surface receptor which plays a role in several cancer hallmarks, including metastasis, angiogenesis, cell viability maintenance, apoptotic evasion, and mediating telomerase activity. We have previously shown that the knockdown of LRP/LR with an LRP-specific siRNA significantly impedes adhesion and invasion, induces apoptosis, and inhibits telomerase activity in various cancer cell lines in vitro. Here, we investigated the effect of downregulating LRP/LR with LRP-specific siRNA in A549 lung cancer cells. Downregulation of LRP/LR resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability, migration potential, and telomerase activity, as well as a significant increase in apoptosis. Proteomic analysis further suggested the re-establishment of immune control over the lung cancer cells, a previously unidentified facet of LRP downregulation in cancer. Altogether, we suggest that targeting LRP/LR for downregulation may have therapeutic potential for inhibiting several cancer hallmarks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monique J. Bignoux
- School of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Tyrone C. Otgaar
- School of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Martin Bernert
- School of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Stefan F. T. Weiss
- School of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Eloise Ferreira
- School of Molecular and Cell BiologyUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. LIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/livers2030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite extensive research efforts aiming to evaluate the biological mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, little has been translated towards new diagnostic and treatment options for HCC patients. Historically, the focus has been centered on coding RNAs and their respective proteins. However, significant advances in sequencing and RNA detection technologies have shifted the research focus towards non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), as well as their impact on HCC development and progression. A number of studies reported complex post-transcriptional interactions between various ncRNA and coding RNA molecules. These interactions offer insights into the role of ncRNAs in both the known pathways leading to oncogenesis, such as dysregulation of p53, and lesser-known mechanisms, such as small nucleolar RNA methylation. Studies investigating these mechanisms have identified prevalent ncRNA changes in microRNAs, snoRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs that can both pre- and post-translationally regulate key factors in HCC progression. In this review, we present relevant publications describing ncRNAs to summarize the impact of different ncRNA species on liver cancer development and progression and to evaluate recent attempts at clinical translation.
Collapse
|
5
|
Saini S, Ansari S, Sharma V, Saugandhika S, Kumar S, Malakar D. Folate Receptor-1 is Vital for Developmental Competence of Goat Embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2022; 57:541-549. [PMID: 35122705 DOI: 10.1111/rda.14092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Folate is essential for DNA synthesis and methylation via one-carbon (C1) metabolism during embryonic development. It is transported into the developing oocytes via folate receptors (FOLR1 and FOLR2) and transporters (RFC1) for utilization during embryo development. However, the role of folate receptors during pre-implantation stages of embryos is not well known. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the expression of folate transport genes and proteins in mature oocytes and pre-implantation embryos; and the effect of FOLR1 knockdown in zygotes on blastocyst outcome. For this, Immature goat oocytes were matured in maturation medium followed by in vitro fertilization and culture at standard conditions. A group of zygotes was transfected with esiRNA against FOLR1 and in vitro cultured for blastocyst outcome assessment. The transcripts and proteins for FOLR1, FOLR2 and RFC1 were present in oocytes as well as all the stages of pre-implantation embryos. Immunofluorescence revealed the presence of FOLR1 in the nuclei of embryos but not in the metaphase (matured) oocytes. The knockdown of FOLR1 in embryos was effective and significantly reduced the blastocyst production rate. The present study demonstrates the existence of active folate transport in oocytes and pre-implantation goat embryos. FOLR1 is vital for pre-implantation embryo development and may aid in the progression by functioning as a transcription factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sikander Saini
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Shama Ansari
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | | | - Sandeep Kumar
- Kalpana Chawla Government Medical College & Hospital, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Dhruba Malakar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cuttler K, Bignoux MJ, Otgaar TC, Chigumba S, Ferreira E, Weiss SFT. LRP::FLAG Reduces Phosphorylated Tau Levels in Alzheimer's Disease Cell Culture Models. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:753-768. [PMID: 32568204 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque and neurofibrillary tangle formation, respectively. Neurofibrillary tangles form as a result of the intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau. Telomerase activity and levels of the human reverse transcriptase (hTERT) subunit of telomerase are significantly decreased in AD. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) interacts with telomerase and is implicated in Aβ pathology. Since both LRP/LR and telomerase are known to play a role in the Aβ facet of AD, we hypothesized that they might also play a role in tauopathy. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine if LRP/LR has a relationship with tau and whether overexpression of LRP::FLAG has an effect on tauopathy-related proteins. METHODS We employed confocal microscopy and FRET to determine whether LRP/LR and tau co-localize and interact. LRP::FLAG overexpression in HEK-293 and SH-SY5Y cells as well as analysis of tauopathy-related proteins was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS We demonstrate that LRP/LR co-localizes with tau in the perinuclear cell compartment and confirmed a direct interaction between LRP/LR and tau in HEK-293 cells. Overexpression of LRP::FLAG in HEK-293 and SH-SY5Y cells decreased total and phosphorylated tau levels with a concomitant decrease in PrPc levels, a tauopathy-related protein. LRP::FLAG overexpression also resulted in increased hTERT levels. CONCLUSION This data suggest that LRP/LR extends its role in AD through a direct interaction with tau, and recommend LRP::FLAG as a possible alternative AD therapeutic via decreasing phosphorylated tau levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Cuttler
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa.,Present Address: Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, Republic of South Africa
| | - Monique J Bignoux
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Tyrone C Otgaar
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Stephanie Chigumba
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Eloise Ferreira
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Stefan F T Weiss
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Vania L, Morris G, Ferreira E, Weiss SFT. Knock-down of LRP/LR influences signalling pathways in late-stage colorectal carcinoma cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:392. [PMID: 33836696 PMCID: PMC8035741 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-08081-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The 37 kDa/67 kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) is involved in several tumourigenic-promoting processes including cellular viability maintenance and apoptotic evasion. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the molecular mechanism of LRP/LR on apoptotic pathways in late stage (DLD-1) colorectal cancer cells upon siRNA-mediated down-regulation of LRP/LR. Methods siRNAs were used to down-regulate the expression of LRP/LR in DLD-1 cells which was assessed using western blotting and qPCR. To evaluate the mechanistic role of LRP/LR, proteomic analysis of pathways involved in proliferation and apoptosis were investigated. The data from the study was analysed using a one-way ANOVA, followed by a two-tailed student’s t-test with a confidence interval of 95%. Results Here we show that knock-down of LRP/LR led to significant changes in the proteome of DLD-1 cells, exposing new roles of the protein. Moreover, analysis showed that LRP/LR may alter components of the MAPK, p53-apoptotic and autophagic signalling pathways to aid colorectal cancer cells in continuous growth and survival. Knock-down of LRP/LR also resulted in significant decreases in telomerase activity and telomerase-related proteins in the DLD-1 cells. Conclusions These findings show that LRP/LR is critically implicated in apoptosis and cell viability maintenance and suggest that siRNA-mediated knock-down of LRP/LR may be a possible therapeutic strategy for the treatment of colorectal cancer. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08081-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Vania
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Gavin Morris
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Eloise Ferreira
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Stefan F T Weiss
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits 2050, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang H, Wu T, Liu J, Yu X, Liu H, Bao C, Liu M, Ji Y, Feng X, Gu J, Han W, Li N, Lei L. Caveolae/rafts protect human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells from Streptococcus suis serotype 2 α-enolase-mediated injury. Vet Microbiol 2021; 254:108981. [PMID: 33445055 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.108981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen that causes meningitis. The ubiquitously expressed 40S ribosome protein SA (RPSA) is a multifunctional protein involved in the pathogenesis of multiple pathogens, especially those causing meningitis. However, the role of RPSA in SS2-induced meningitis is not clear. In this study, immunofluorescence staining revealed that SS2 infection promoted the intracellular transfer of RPSA to the surface of human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HCMECs). Moreover, SS2 infection promoted the accumulation of caveolin 1 (CAV1) and the formation of membrane bulges where RPSA enveloped CAV1 on the cell surface. SS2 infection also caused dynamic changes in the localization of RPSA and CAV1 on the cell surface which could be eliminated by disruption of caveolae/rafts by addition of methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD). Co-immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that α-enolase (ENO), a key virulence factor of SS2, interacted with RPSA, and promoted the interaction between RPSA and CAV1. Immunofluorescence staining, western blotting and flow cytometry analyses showed that damaged caveolae/rafts significantly enhanced ENO adhesion to HCMECs, promoted the "destruction" of RPSA by ENO, and enhanced the toxic effect of ENO on HCMECs. Importantly, these effects could be relieved upon the addition of cholesterol. We conclude that caveolae/rafts weaken the toxic effect of SS2 ENO on RPSA-mediated events in HCMECs. Our study has led to better understanding of the roles of RPSA and caveolae/rafts upon SS2 infection, and a new pathological role for RPSA in infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hexiang Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Tong Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jianan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xibing Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Chuntong Bao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Yalu Ji
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Xin Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Jingmin Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Wenyu Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China
| | - Na Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China.
| | - Liancheng Lei
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, PR China; College of Animal Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
MicroRNA-587 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Targeting Ribosomal Protein SA. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:3280530. [PMID: 32964027 PMCID: PMC7492906 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3280530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most highly aggressive cancer worldwide with an extremely poor prognosis. Evidence has revealed that microRNA-587 (miR-587) is abnormally expressed in a series of cancers. However, its expressions and functions in HCC have not been clearly acknowledged. Methods We detected the expression level of miR-587 both in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and 86 paired clinical HCC tissues together with paired adjacent normal tissues by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Afterwards, the transfected HCC cell line SMMC-7721 cells were collected for the cell proliferation assay, cell-cycle arrest, cell migration, and invasion assays to explore the roles of miR-587 in regulating cellular function. In addition, bioinformatics analysis, combined with qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assays, were performed to confirm whether ribosomal protein SA (RPSA) mRNA was the direct target gene of miR-587. Moreover, the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and GEO databases as well as 86 paired clinical HCC tissues were used to verify the negative regulation between miR-587 and RPSA. Results In the present study, both the GEO database (GSE36915 and GSE74618) analysis and qRT-PCR analysis of 86 paired clinical tissues showed that miR-587 was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues. The overexpression of miR-587 inhibited proliferation, cell cycle, migration, and invasion in SMMC-7721 cells. In addition, miR-587 directly interacted with the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of RPSA. Moreover, miR-587 overexpression directly suppressed RPSA expression, and the two genes were inversely expressed in HCC based on the analyses in TCGA and GEO (GSE36376) databases and qPCR analysis of 86 paired clinical tissues. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that miR-587 is downexpressed in HCC and regulates the cellular function by targeting RPSA.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tang M, Zhou J, You L, Cui Z, Zhang H. LIN28B/IRS1 axis is targeted by miR-30a-5p and promotes tumor growth in colorectal cancer. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:3720-3729. [PMID: 31713927 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) is a potential oncogene that has been implicated in several malignant tumors. However, the regulatory mechanism of IRS1 remains to be investigated. The aim of our current study is to unveil the mechanism by which IRS1 exerts functions in tumorigenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The expression level of IRS1 was found to be higher in CRC cells in comparison with the normal cell. To determine the role of IRS1 in regulating CRC cellular processes, loss-of-function assays were designed and carried out in two CRC cell lines. Both in vitro and in vivo functional assays indicated that silencing of IRS1 suppressed CRC cell survival. Based on bioinformatics prediction and mechanism experiments, IRS1 was identified as a downstream target of miR-30a-5p. Furthermore, RNA-binding protein lin-28 homolog B (LIN28B) was determined to be a stabilizer of IRS1 messenger RNA. More importantly, LIN28B also acted as a target of miR-30a-5p.Through rescue assays, we proved that LIN28B-stablized IRS1 mediated miR-30a-5p-mediated CRC cell growth. In conclusion, this study revealed that LIN28B and LIN28B-stablized IRS1 promoted CRC cell growth by cooperating with miR-30a-5p.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tang
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lirui You
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhirong Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lorusso G, Rüegg C, Kuonen F. Targeting the Extra-Cellular Matrix-Tumor Cell Crosstalk for Anti-Cancer Therapy: Emerging Alternatives to Integrin Inhibitors. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1231. [PMID: 32793493 PMCID: PMC7387567 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex network composed of a multitude of different macromolecules. ECM components typically provide a supportive structure to the tissue and engender positional information and crosstalk with neighboring cells in a dynamic reciprocal manner, thereby regulating tissue development and homeostasis. During tumor progression, tumor cells commonly modify and hijack the surrounding ECM to sustain anchorage-dependent growth and survival, guide migration, store pro-tumorigenic cell-derived molecules and present them to enhance receptor activation. Thereby, ECM potentially supports tumor progression at various steps from initiation, to local growth, invasion, and systemic dissemination and ECM-tumor cells interactions have long been considered promising targets for cancer therapy. Integrins represent key surface receptors for the tumor cell to sense and interact with the ECM. Yet, attempts to therapeutically impinge on these interactions using integrin inhibitors have failed to deliver anticipated results, and integrin inhibitors are still missing in the emerging arsenal of drugs for targeted therapies. This paradox situation should urge the field to reconsider the role of integrins in cancer and their targeting, but also to envisage alternative strategies. Here, we review the therapeutic targets implicated in tumor cell adhesion to the ECM, whose inhibitors are currently in clinical trials and may offer alternatives to integrin inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Girieca Lorusso
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Curzio Rüegg
- Experimental and Translational Oncology, Department of Oncology Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - François Kuonen
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hôpital de Beaumont, Lausanne University Hospital Center, Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aghabozorgi AS, Ebrahimi R, Bahiraee A, Tehrani SS, Nabizadeh F, Setayesh L, Jafarzadeh-Esfehani R, Ferns GA, Avan A, Rashidi Z. The genetic factors associated with Wnt signaling pathway in colorectal cancer. Life Sci 2020; 256:118006. [PMID: 32593708 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis and high mortality. There is growing information about the factors involved in the pathogenesis of CRC. However, the knowledge of the predisposing factors is limited. The development of CRC is strongly associated with the Wingless/Integrated (Wnt) signaling pathway. This pathway comprises several major target proteins, including LRP5/6, GSK3β, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), axis inhibition protein (Axin), and β-catenin. Genetic variations in these components of the Wnt signaling pathway may lead to the activation of β-catenin, potentially increasing the proliferation of colorectal cells. Because of the potentially important role of the Wnt signaling pathway in CRC, we aimed to review the involvement of different mutations in the main downstream proteins of this pathway, including LRP5/6, APC, GSK3β, Axin, and β-catenin. Determination of the genetic risk factors involved in the progression of CRC may lead to novel approaches for the early diagnosis of CRC and the identification of potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amirsaeed Sabeti Aghabozorgi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Bahiraee
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nabizadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Leila Setayesh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gordon A Ferns
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK
| | - Amir Avan
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Zahra Rashidi
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Vania L, Morris G, Otgaar TC, Bignoux MJ, Bernert M, Burns J, Gabathuse A, Singh E, Ferreira E, Weiss SFT. Patented therapeutic approaches targeting LRP/LR for cancer treatment. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2019; 29:987-1009. [PMID: 31722579 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2019.1693543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: The ubiquitously expressed 37 kDa/67 kDa high-affinity laminin receptor (laminin receptor precursor/laminin receptor, LRP/LR) is a protein found to play several roles within cells. The receptor is located in the nucleus, cytosol and the cell surface. LRP/LR mediates cell proliferation, cell adhesion and cell differentiation. As a result, it is seen to enhance tumor angiogenesis as well as invasion and adhesion, key steps in the metastatic cascade of cancer. Recent findings have shown that LRP/LR is involved in the maintenance of cell viability through apoptotic evasion, allowing for tumor progression. Thus, several patented therapeutic approaches targeting the receptor for the prevention and treatment of cancer have emerged.Areas covered: The several roles that LRP/LR plays in cancer progression as well as an overview of the current therapeutic patented strategies targeting LRP/LR and cancer to date.Expert opinion: Small molecule inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies and small interfering RNAs might act used as powerful tools in preventing tumor angiogenesis and metastasis through the induction of apoptosis and telomere erosion in several cancers. This review offers an overview of the roles played by LRP/LR in cancer progression, while providing novel patented approaches targeting the receptor as potential therapeutic routes for the treatment of cancer as well as various other diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leila Vania
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Gavin Morris
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Tyrone C Otgaar
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Monique J Bignoux
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Martin Bernert
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Jessica Burns
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Anne Gabathuse
- Wits Commercial Enterprise, The Commercial Development Hub, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Elvira Singh
- School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Eloise Ferreira
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| | - Stefan F T Weiss
- School of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of the Witwatersrand, Wits, Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Song Y, Chen L, Li Y, Lin Q, Liu W, Zhang L. Knockdown of TRAF3IP2 suppresses the expression of VEGFA and the proliferation of keratinocytes and vascular endothelial cells. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01642. [PMID: 31193034 PMCID: PMC6513784 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the expression level of TRAF3IP2 in psoriasis lesion, and to explore the functional roles of TRAF3IP2 on proliferation, apoptosis, cytokine expression and secretion of both keratinocytes and vascular endothelial cells in vitro. METHODS The expression of TRAF3IP2 in skin samples of patients with psoriasis was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR. To identify the effect of TRAF3IP2 knockdown on HaCaT and HUVEC cells, a plasmid vector expressing siRNA targeting TRAF3IP2 mRNA was designed and transfected into cells with Lipofectamine 2000. The levels of cytokines were identified using the ELISA Kits and qRT-PCR. Furthermore, cell proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by using MTT, PI and Annexin V-FITC/7AAD assays, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Cleaved-Caspase 3, Caspase 3 and Bax) were detected by western blotting. RESULTS TRAF3IP2 was significantly upregulated in psoriasis lesion. TRAF3IP2 knockdown reduced the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and the release of IL-6, and IL-8, but had no effect on IL-23 in both HaCaT and HUVEC cells. In addition, knockdown of TRAF3IP2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation through blocking the cell cycle in the G2/M phase. Moreover, knockdown of TRAF3IP2 increased the expression of Caspase 3, Cleaved-Caspase 3 and Bax, which was supported by the increased apoptosis of both HaCaT and HUVEC cells. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results indicated that TRAF3IP2 might play a contributive role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and may serve as a new target for the treatment of psoriasis. VEGF related pathways may be involved in the mechanism beneath.
Collapse
|
15
|
Cloutier G, Sallenbach-Morrissette A, Beaulieu JF. Non-integrin laminin receptors in epithelia. Tissue Cell 2019; 56:71-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|